Objective To study the effect of anti-hepatitis B virus of Lamivudine combined with Saikosaponins in vivo. Methods Chongqing duck hepatitis B model was selected and given to Lamivudine combined with Saikosaponins(combined group) oral treatment 28d, then the ducks were observed 7d after drug withdrawal. The levels of serum HBV DNA, HBsAg and transaminase(ALT, AST) were detected before and after treatment, and compared with that in Lamivudine group and Saikosaponins group as control. Results In combined group,the levels of serum HBV DNA and HbsAg were significantly decreased(P ＜ 0.05), and 7d after drug withdrawal the levels of serum HBV DNA and HBsAg showed no" anti-jump" compared with that at drug treatment 28d(P ＞ 0.05). In Lamivudine group and Saikosaponins group the levels of those increased again 7d after drug withdrawal (P ＜ 0. 05). In each group the levels of serum ALT and AST did not change within the same phase during drug treatment 28d and 7d after drug withdrawal(P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusion Lamivudine combined with Saikosaponins in vivo had the effect of anti-hepatitis Bvirus, and the effect was stable and lasting.

Objective To explore the manufacture methods of a new nasal ice compress cover,and to observe its clinical application effect.Methods The nasal ice compress cover body is a silica gel cover,which contains the upper cover body and the lower cover body.The shape of the upper cover body is consistent to the shape of frontal temporal while the shape of the lower cover body is consistent to the shape of the nose root,and the upper cover body and the lower cover body are integrally formed.The inner surface of the cover body is equipped with a ice pack,and the ice pack is of the same shape with the inner surface.And the cover body is provided with two elastic bands.Patients of the experimental group use the nasal ice compress cover and patients of the control group use the traditional ice hockey ice so as to detect the clinical effect of the new nasal ice compress cover and satisfaction rate and adverse reaction of patients.Results The new nasal ice compress cover has good clinical application effect,and patients consider that it has the advantages of convenient,effective and highly satisfactory. Conclusion The new nasal ice compress cover improves patients’comfort degree and satisfaction rate,and it is worthy of wide promotion.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of aerobic exercise on quality of life in breast cancer survivors.Methods Electronic databases were searched.Randomized controlled trials in which aerobic exercise was compared with controls regarding quality of life in breast cancer survivors were included.Results We analyzed 12 RCT studies.Aerobic exercise significantly improved quality of life in breast cancer survivors.Seven studies which used FACT-B scale concluded that aerobic exercise could significantly improve psychological emotion,social/family function and breast-related function.The aerobic exercise aiming at breast cancer survivors who had already finished all the therapies except endocrine therapy of breast cancer,mainly comprised of short-period intervention programs (within 24 weeks),and was advised to be executed under professionals' supervision to ensure safety.Conclusion Aerobic exercise could effectively improve quality of life in breast cancer survivors,especially in aspects of psychological emotion,social/family function and breast-related function.

Objective To observe the effect of puerarin injection (PI) on insulin resistance in gestational diabetic mellitus(GDM) rats. Methods Rats with gestation for 5 days received onedose injection of STZ 35 mg/kg into subaortic caudal vein. After injection for 72 hours, rats with blood sugar over 13.5 mmol/L indicated the modeling being successful. Then the model rats were divided into treatment group (TG, using Puerarin), westernmedicine control group(WCG, using rosiglitazone) and model group (MG, using 0.9 % NaCl), 10 rats in each group .Ten normal gestational rats were used as normal control group (NCG, using 0.9 % NaCl).Two weeks later, the changes of blood sugar, Creactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor- ? (TNF- ? ) were observed. Results Compared with MG, the above indexes were improved in TG and WCG after treatment( P

Objective To optimize the best techniques of preparing baicalin gelatin microspheres with orthogonal experimental design.Methods Baicalin gelatin microspheres were prepared by emulsion chemical-cross linking method with degradable gelatin as carrier,liquid paraffin as oil phase,Span-80 as emulsifier.The particle size,containing efficiency of microspheres were determined and technique reproducibility was studied.Results Microspheres with good shape,smooth surface and narrow size distribution were prepared.The average diameter of microspheres was 27.47 ?m,the loading amount of medicine was 8.18% and encapsulation efficiency was 70.21%.Conclusion The preparation procedure established was stable and practical.

Background Phacoemulsification for hard nuclear cataract is easy to cause corneal edema and posterior capsular rupture.Researches determined that soft-shell technique phacoemulsification can effectively reduce corneal edema,but the risk of posterior capsular rupture during the surgery is still existed.Whether intra-capsular bag soft-shell technique can protect the posterior capsular of lens from rupture is still unclear.Objective This study was to observe the effect of intra-capsular bag soft-shell technique phacoemulsification on hard nuclear cataract.Methods A prospective cohort study was designed.One hundred and sixty-eight eyes of 160 patients with age-related cataract and Ⅳ-Ⅴ grade of nucleus were enrolled in Affiliated Second Hospital of Zhengzhou University from November 2013 to May 2015 under the approval of Ethic Commission and informed consent of the patients.The eyes were randomized into the intra-capsular soft-shell technique group and conventional soft-shell technique group with the matched age,gender and nuclear hardness in a manner of randomized block design.A 3.0 mm incision of cataract phacoemulsification with soft-shell technique in capsular bag was performed on 80 eyes of 78 patients in the intracapsular soft-shell technique group,and conventional soft-shell technique phacoemulsification was performed on 88 eyes of 82 patients in the conventional soft-shell technique group.Intraoperative records including the cumulative dissipated energy,effective phacoemulsification time and posterior capsular changes were recorded during the surgery.Postoperative follow-up indexes included corneal edema,endothelial cell density,BCVA and intraocular pressure changes.Results The mean cumulative dissipated energy and operation duration were (20.13 ± 8.34) ％ and (14.28-±2.17) minutes in the intra-capsular soft-shell technique group,and those in the conventional soft-shell technique group were (19.67±5.24)％ and (15.36±3.49) minutes,showing significant differences between them (t =0.216,P =0.376;t =0.403,P-=0.518).Posterior capsular rupture occurred in 1 eye in the intra-capsular softshell technique group and 7 eyes in the conventional soft-shell technique group.The percentages of eyes with BCVA ≥ 0.5 were 78％,83％ and 92％ in postoperative 1 day,1 week and 1 month in the intra-capsular soft-shell technique group,and those in the conventional soft-shell technique group were 56％,71％ and 89％,with a significant increase in postoperative 1 day,1 week in the intra-capsular soft-shell technique group (x2 =5.130,P =0.027;x2 =4.361,P =0.032).The corneal endothelial cell loss rates were 6.97％ and 7.19％ in the intra-capsular soft-shell technique group and conventional soft-shell technique group respectively in postoperative 3 months,with no significant difference between them (P＞0.05).The intraocular pressure was (20.16±4.23) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) in postoperative 1 day in the intra-capsular soft-shell technique group,which was significantly higher than (17.38± 5.21) mmHg in the conventional soft-shell technique group (t =1.241,P =0.037).Conclusions Intra-capsular bag soft-shell technique phacoemulsification for hard nuclear cataract can decrease the intraoperative and postoperative complications and quicken the visual recovery after surgery.

Objective To explore the classical clinical features of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke like episodes (MELAS) syndrome.Methods The clinical data of 1 MELAS syndrome patient was analyzed retrospectively.Results This patient suffered from the symptoms of stroke such as speech disorder and abnormal behavior at the beginning.She had a medical history of maternal family.There were headache and seizure in the process of the disease.The result after a physical examination showed that the patient had hearing loss, visual field defect and decrease of muscle strength.The CT and MRI scan of head showed that the patient had a stroke like lesion which did not follow the distribution of blood vessels.The blood and cerebrospinal fluid examination has ruled out viral and autoimmune encephalitis.The final diagnosis of MELAS syndrome was confirmed by gene analysis.The gene mutation was the m.3243A>G mutation.The clinical symptoms of the patient were comprehensive and the imaging findings were typical.Conclusions Main clinical manifestations of MELAS syndrome are stroke like seizures, epilepsy, headache, dementia, hearing impairment, peripheral neuropathy, myopathy, lactic acidosis, diabetes and so on.Main imaging features of the disease are stroke like lesions, basal ganglia calcification and brain atrophy.

Comorbidity, which can affect the treatment and prognosis of its disease, has gradually caught attention from both at home and abroad. Although chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mainly involved lung tissues, it may also cause the systemic (or extra-pulmonary) adverse effects. Many types of comorbidities existed in COPD. This article summarized the prevalence, risk factors and pathogenesis of comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, anxiety and depression, lung cancer, infection, metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. It also con-ducted related studies on the diagnosis and treatment status and current problems of COPD comorbidities, which may provide evidences for COPD outcome evaluation.

Objective To investigate the underlying causes, clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of non-traumatic pneumomediastinum (PM) in children. Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 64 children diagnosed with non-traumatic PM in Yuying Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Medical University from Jan 2003 to Dec 2013 was performed. Nineteen children with SPM and the other 45 with clear causes of non-traumatic PM were divided into two groups for comparison. According to age, 64 cases were divided into 0-6y group and 6-18y group for further comparison. Results A total of 64 patients with non-traumatic PM were collected. Nineteen of them aged 14.90±2.00 y had SPM with unknown etiology, and 84.2%were male. The other group of 45 patients aged 4.26±4.45y, and 55.6%of this group were male. The common causes were pneumonia or other lower respiratory tract infection, asthma and foreign body inspiration. The patients with SPM were always with chest pain. While the patients with clear causes of non-traumatic PM were more complained of dyspnea, coughing, subcutaneous emphysema. The treatment of patients with SPM was bed rest, oxygen uptaking, antitussive, anti-infection and other conservative therapy. All the patients with clear causes of non-traumatic PM had favorable prognosis with the treatment of actively curing primary disease and timely mediastinal air drainage, subcutaneous air drainage and thoracic close drainage. In 35 cases younger than 6 years old, the most common causes were pneumonia or other lower respiratory tract infection, none had SPM. In 29 cases older than 6 years, 19 of them had SPM. Conclusions Etiologies of pneumomediastinum varied with age in children,which should be vigilantly examined, especially for those younger than 6 years old. The key of the treatment to non-traumatic PM with clear etiologies was to treat its primary disease.

Objective:To investigate the role of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein(ASC) in non-apoptotic,non-necrotic cell death of neutrophils induced by ONO-AE-248.Methods:The morphological changes of neutrophil nuclei and DNA fragmentation of the cells were examined by confocal microscopy and terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling(TUNEL).Neutrophils were stimulated with medium alone,LPS,TNF-? or ONO-AE248 respectively.Then expression of ASC was detected by Western blot.Results:ONO-AE-248-induced neutrophil death was negative in TUNEL assay.Western blot showed that the expression of ASC protein was down-regulated by ONO-AE-248.Conclusion:The DNA degradation of the neutrophils when stimulated by ONO-AE-248 is probably different from that of the typical apoptosis.ASC might be a crosslink point between the ONO-AE-248-induced neutrophil death and spontaneous apoptosis of neutrophils.