Objective To investigate the level of self-care behaviors and self-efficacy among adult type 2 diabetes patients in community and discuss current problems.Methods A convenient sample of 85 patients with type 2 diabetes in Haiyuncang community was interviewed,using diabetes self-care scale and diabetes self-efficacy scale.Totally 85 questionnaires were got and underwent analysis.Results The index score of self-care behaviors and self-efficacy among adult type 2 diabetes patients in community were 66.98% and 69.02%.There were no significant difference in self-care behaviors of patients whether they attended diabetes lectures or not.Self-efficacy correlated significantly with self-care behaviors.Conclusions The self-care behaviors and self-efficacy of diabetes patients need to be improved,and diabetes education in community should be emphasized and carried out effectively.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of apply Ion Proton semiconductor sequencing platform in non-invasive prenatal genetic diagnosis .Methods Totally 1 000 pregnant women with a singleton pregnancy of 12-32 weeks gestation were selected from the Third affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Jan to Dec 2013.Using noninvasive prenatal genetic diagnosis based on Ion Proton semiconductor sequencing platform to study their cffDNA .In parallel, 72 pregnant women received invasive prenatal diagnosis by traditional chromosomal analysis with amniocentesis chorionic villus sampling .Results It′s shown that 18 out of 1 000 (1.8%) pregnant women underwent the noninvasive prenatal genetic testing had a high risk for aneuploid chromosomes , including 7 cases of 21-trisomy, 4 cases of 18-trisomy, 2 cases of 13-trisomy, 4 cases of sex chromosomal abnormality , and 1 case of 15-trisomy.It demonstrated that the rate and accuracy of fetal 21-trisomy, 13-trisomy and 18-trisomy by non-invasive prenatal genetic testing were both 100%without misdiagnosis , the rate of detection for sex chromosomal abnormality was 2/2 with a false positive rate of 1/3.However, the 15-trisomy predicted by the non-invasive prenatal diagnosis in a woman was finally proved to be a false positive .Based on the results by karyotyping (55/55) as well as follow-ups (493/493), the specificity of the non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for detection of 21-trisomy, 18-trisomy and 13-trisomy was 100%.One Ion PITM chip could detect 12 to 15 samples in 1.5 h and the whole process of noninvasive detection could be completed in 1 to 1.5 days.Conclusions The non-invasive prenatal diagnosis by Ion Proton semiconductor sequencing platform could provide fast and accurate detection of fetal aneuploidy .The benchtop high-throughput sequencing platform has laid the foundation for the independent application in clinical settings for fetal aneuploidy detection .

Long non-coding RNA(LncRNA)is a class of RNA that cannot encode translated proteins with more than 200 nucleotides in length.It can be involved in the regulation of X chromosome silencing,chromatin modification,transcriptional activa-tion,transcriptional interference and other regulatory processes by binding to DNA,RNA or proteins.In recent years,more and more studies have confirmed that LncRNA plays an important role in the occurrence,development,invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer. At the same time,many studies have demonstrated LncRNA as the target of traditional Chinese medicine for the development and pro-gression of anti-gastric cancer.This review introduces the mechanism of LncRNA in the development and progression of gastric canc-er,and as a target for traditional Chinese medicine treatment prospects.

OBJECTIVESTo analyze the FBN1 mutations in Chinese patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) and to make a genetic diagnosis based on haplotype linkage analysis for MFS.

METHODSNine MFS families (17 patients) were analyzed with single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and sequencing. Four primers were designed for the flanking sequences of FBN1 gene and used for haplotype-segregation analysis of MFS(B).

RESULTSSSCP band alteration was detected in the PCR products for exon 25 in MFS(A) II:1. Direct sequencing revealed a small 13 bp deletion; the deleted sequence is gccTc Tgcaccca at bases 3243-3456 of the cDNA in exon 25. This mutation was novel. MFS(B) families were analyzed using the haplotype linkage technique. The data suggested that MFS(B) families were linked to the FBN1 gene. The proband's daughter was an asymptomatic patient.

CONCLUSIONThe combination of mutation detection and chromosome haplotype analysis can provide better evidence for a genetic diagnosis of MFS.

Fibrillin-1 ; Fibrillins ; Genetic Linkage ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Marfan Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Microfilament Proteins ; genetics ; Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational

Objective To investigate the effect of capsaicin on cognitive function and the expression of TRPV1 protein in hippocampus of rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH).Methods 60 SD rats were randomly divided into control group (SHAM group),chronic cerebral hypoperfusion group (CCH group),placebo control group(PC group) and capsaicin group(CAP group) with 15 in each group.The chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rat model was established by permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion.The rats in CAP group and PC group were given capsaicin and saline respectively by intraperitoneal injection,twice a week.The spatial learning and memory ability and emotion of rats were observed by Morris water maze test and open field test,and the expression of TRPV1 in the hippocampus of rats was detected by Western blot.Results (1) In the open field experiment,compared with the SHAM group (22.60±4.60),the standing times of the CCH group(12.10±2.80) decreased (P＜0.01),but the standing times of CAP group (19.30± 4.16) increased compared with that of h PC group(12.50 ±2.68) (P＜0.01).(2) In Morris water maze test,positioning navigation experiment showed that compared with the SHAM group,the escape latency of the CCH group and the PC group increased (P＜0.05),while the escape latency of CAP group was shorter than that of the PC group (P＜ 0.05).And in the space exploration experiment,compared with the SHAM group (1.87 ± 0.64),the times of crossing the platform in CCH group (0.75 ± 0.89) and the PC group (1.00± 0.93) decreased,while the latency of crossing the platform increased (P＜0.01).And the times of crossing the platform in CAP group((2.38±0.74) increased compared with that of PC group,and the latency of crossing the platform of CAP group decreased compared with that of PC group (P＜0.01).(3) Results of Western blot showed that compared with the SHAM group,the level of TRPV1 in rat hippocampus of CCH group was down regulated (P＜0.05),and the expression of TRPV1 in CAP group was higher than that of PC group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Capsaicin can effectively improve cognitive impairment in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion,which may be related to the up-regulation of TRPV1 protein expression in hippocampal tissues.

Objective:To analyze the research hotspots and evolution trends of diabetes patients with sarcopenia in the past decade, and to provide ideas for domestic research on diabetics patients with sarcopenia.Methods:Relevant literature on diabetics patients with sarcopenia included in the Web of Science from 2011 to 2021 was retrieved. CiteSpace software was used to analyze country, cited journals, cited literature and high-frequency keywords.Results:A total of 606 papers were included, and the number of papers published increased in the past decade. The country with the most publications was Japan. Research hotspots included the use of diabetic sarcopenia assessment tools, pathogenesis, and the prediction of other disease-related factors. However the number of intervention research was small.Conclusions:In clinical work, health care professionals and related workers should pay attention to the importance of disease care and self-management of diabetic patients, provide personalized care and treatment to reduce or prevent the occurrence of sarcopenia, so as to promote the research of diabetic sarcopenia in China.

OBJECTIVETo study the characteristic of the mutation of neurofilament-light (NF-L) gene in Chinese Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) patients.

METHODSMutation analysis of NF-L gene was made by use of polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphsim combined with DNA direct sequencing in 32 CMT probands from the Hans of five provinces in China who had been diagnosed by clinical feature and electromyography and/or biopsy of sural nerve.

RESULTSIn 32 CMT probands, only one sporadic case was found to display variant banding pattern, and this case was confirmed as 1329C to T (Tyr443Tyr) single nucleotide polymorphism by sequencing.

CONCLUSIONMutation of NF-L gene may be rare in Chinese CMT patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Base Sequence ; Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; DNA ; chemistry ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Neurofilament Proteins ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational

Objective To analyze the publication profile and research hotspots of studies at home and abroad on postoperative cognitive dysfunction by bibliometric methods.Methods Litera-tures related to postoperative cognitive dysfunction published in the China National Knowledge Infra-structure(CNKI)and Web of Science databases from 2013 to 2023 were included,and statistical a-nalysis was conducted by CiteSpace software.Results A total of 2 705 Chinese literatures and 2 412 English core literatures were included.The number of literatures on postoperative cognitive dysfunc-tion showed an annual increase from 2013 to 2023;China was the country with the highest number of publications internationally,with Capital Medical University ranking the top among Chinese institu-tions;domestically,postoperative cognitive dysfunction researches predominantly focused on clinical studies,while overseas researches emphasized pathological mechanisms and basic investigations.Re-search hotspot analysis revealed an enhanced interest in the inflammatory mechanisms and anesthetic as-pects of postoperative cognitive dysfunction.Conclusion From 2013 to 2023,the overall research at home and abroad interest in postoperative cognitive dysfunction has shown an upward trend,yet its patho-physiological mechanisms need further exploration.The risk factors for postoperative cognitive impairment and their correlations with anesthesia and mortality are being actively explored,and new methods for prevention and treatment such as percutaneous electrical stimulation are gradually emerging.

BACKGROUND:The formation of Lewy bodies due to abnormal α-synuclein aggregation is a characteristic pathological change in Parkinson's disease.In recent years,several studies have revealed that the formation of α-synuclein aggregates is closely related to its post-translational modifications.The modification of α-synuclein such as phosphorylation,nitration,acetylation,and ubiquitination has attracted extensive attention in the pathogenesis and progression of Parkinson's disease. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress in the effect of modification types and sites of α-synuclein on the characteristic pathological formation and progression of Parkinson's disease. METHODS:PubMed and CNKI databases were searched by the first author with the key words of"α-synuclein,Parkinson's disease,phosphorylation,acetylation,ubiquitination,nitration"in English and Chinese respectively to collect and sort out the literature related to abnormal modification of α-synuclein in recent years.Finally,61 articles were included for further review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Abnormal modification of α-synuclein is closely related to its protein structure and its positive and negative charges.Its amino terminus is positively charged and prone to ubiquitination and acetylation modifications.The central hydrophobic region is prone to forming β-pleated sheet due to its hydrophobic property.The carboxyl terminus is negatively charged,which is the main phosphorylation modification region.Phosphorylation modification sites promote phosphorylation modification and are closely related to α-synuclein aggregation,while protein kinases can target the activation of translational modifications,which may help to promote or inhibit aggregate formation.The degradation pathway of α-synuclein mainly plays a role in removing pathological proteins.Various kinase catalysts contribute to impaired protein ubiquitination modifications that lead to abnormal protein accumulation,thereby exacerbating neurodegeneration.The amino-terminal acetylation of α-synuclein improves the shuttle ability of the protein to the cell membrane and slows down the protein aggregation,which may be the protection target of nerve cells.However,the acetylation modification of the mutant protein produces the opposite effect.The protein nitration modification is mainly related to oxidative stress.The aggregation tendency of the protein modified by nitration is enhanced under the action of reactive oxygen species.Different post-translational modifications have different effects.Therefore,elucidating the main mechanisms of their post-translational modifications and inhibiting the post-translational modifications that contribute to protein aggregation may provide a reference for new targets for early diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUND:C2 ceramide reduces the formation of Alpha-Synuclein(α-Syn)oligomers as the protein phosphatase 2A agonist,which has an important regulatory effect on cell aging in the central nervous system. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective mechanism of C2 ceramide on dopaminergic neurons. METHODS:Twenty-five C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,C2 ceramide low-,medium-and high-dose groups(n=5 per group).Except for the control group,a mouse model of Parkinson's disease was established by injecting mutant A53T α-Syn oligomers into the left striatum in the other groups.On the 30th day after the striatal injection,three C2 ceramide groups were intragastrically administered with C2 ceramide(1,5,10 μg/g)dissolved in saline at one time,while the control and model groups were administered with the same amount of saline within 30-90 days after modeling,for a total of 60 days.Behavioral changes in each group of mice were observed during this period.On the 90th day after striatal injection,mouse brain tissue was extracted by perfusion under anesthesia,and the changes of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain substantia nigra were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining.The levels of α-Syn oligomerization and phosphorylation in the midbrain of mice were detected by ELISA,and the changes of enzyme activities related to α-Syn phosphorylation were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:C2 ceramide had an ameliorating effect on Parkinson's disease-like dyskinesia in mice caused by the striatal injection of mutant A53T α-Syn oligomers.High-dose C2 ceramide showed better effects on dyskinesia in mice with Parkinson's disease(P<0.01).The mutant A53T α-Syn oligomers significantly reduced the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of mice(P<0.01),while the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra increased significantly in the C2 ceramide high-dose group(P<0.01).The levels of α-Syn oligomers and phosphorylated α-Syn in the brain were significantly reduced in the C2 ceramide high-dose group compared with the model group(P<0.01),while the level of ceramide was increased(P<0.05)and the activity of protein phosphatase 2A was significantly upregulated(P<0.01).To conclude,C2 ceramide can attenuate the neurotoxic effects induced by oligomerized α-Syn by the phosphorylation modification environment of α-Syn in mouse midbrain tissue and protect against the reduction in the number of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in mice,thereby reducing the degree of dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease.