This paper describes a detailed procedure for updating of GP TM210 treadmill system without changing the application software.By changing the hardware of computer and updating the operation system,the performance is improved greatly.

PurposeTo study the characteristics of contingent negative variation (CNV) in vascular dementia.MethodsCNV was tested and compared in 24 vascular dementia (VD) patients and 22 normal aged persons. Results The data showed that in compare with normal controls the latencies of early component and late component of CNV in VD were greatly prolonged and closely correlated to the extent of dementia. The amplitude of early component was greatly reduced. The reactive time (RT) was prolonged prominently and also correlated with the extent of dementia. The occurrence of postimperative negative variation (PINV) increased. Conclusions The value of CNV can be used to reflect the extent of dementia. Test the CNV in series may help to evaluate the cognitive impairment in VD.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of the baseline ,week 1 and week 2 model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) scores ,MELD‐Na scores and MELDNa scores for 3‐month mortality in hepatitis B virus (HBV) related acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients .Methods Fifty‐three eligible HBV‐related ACLF patients who received initial treatment in People′s Hospital of Deyang City , Sichuan Province from January 2014 to January 2015 were enrolled in this retrospective clinical follow‐up study .Patients were divided into death group and survival group according to the prognosis after 3 months of treatment .Biochemical data and complications were collected .t test was used to compare the means between two groups and χ2 test was used to compare categorical data .Accuracy of scoring models in predicting mortality within 3 months was performed by area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) .Results Of the fifty‐three patients ,twenty‐one HBV‐related ACLF patients died in 3‐month , while thirty‐two patients survived .The AUC of MELD scores ,MELD‐Na scores and MELDNa scores at the baseline in predicting 3‐month mortality were 0 .548 (95% CI:0 .406 -0 .685 , P= 0 .555) ,0 .502 (95% CI:0 .362-0 .643 ,P=0 .978) and 0 .523 (95% CI:0 .381-0 .662 ,P=0 .778) ,respectively .The AUC increased gradually at the first and the second week .At the second week ,the AUC of MELD scores ,MELD‐Na scores and MELDNa scores were 0 .881 (95% CI:0 .762 -0 .953 ,P<0 .01) ,0 .878 (95% CI:0 .759-0 .951 ,P<0 .01) and 0 .897 (95% CI:0 .783 -0 .963 ,P<0 .01) ,respectively .The AUC of the second week was higher than those of the baseline and the first week (both P<0 .05) .The sensitivity ,specificity ,positive predictive value (PPV) ,and accuracy at the second week were best when the cut off was 26 for MELD ,29 for MELD‐Na and 29 for MELDNa , and were higher than the corresponding values of the baseline and the first week .Conclusions The predictive values of MELD scores ,MELD‐Na scores and MELDNa scores at the second week are superior to the baseline and the first week for 3‐month mortality in HBV‐related ACLF patients ,while the predictive values at the baseline could be poor .

Objective To establish an animal model of hepatic inflow occlusion with meso-caval shunt in Bama swines so as to evaluate the tolerance limit of normothermic hepatic inflow occlusion.Methods Eighteen Bama swines were divided into group A in which the hepatic blood inflow was occluded for 90 min and group B in which the hepatic blood inflow was blocked for 100 min.The animal survival rate,the changes of liver function and histopathology were observed.Results The animal survival rate was significantly higher in group A than group B(100% vs 44.4%,P

Objective To investigate the primary target of injury resulting from cold preservation/reperfusion after liver transplantation in rats. Methods Male SD rats were divided into three groups randomly: sham group,UW 1-h group and UW 12-h group. Orthotopic liver transplantation was performed by using the technique described by Kamada with a modification. Survival rate of rats within 168 h postoperation was observed. Liver tissue specimens and blood samples were collected at 8 time points predetermined as 1,6,12,24,48,72,96 and 168 h postoperation. Six animals were used per time-point. The liver function was evaluated by serum ALT,AST and HA levels. Morphology was observed under light microscopy and TEM. Additionally,the incidence of apoptosis (AI) in hepatocytes and sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) were measured separately by TUNEL method.Results The survival rate at 168 h in UW 12-h group was 50 %,significantly lower than that in UW 1-h group (F= 6.39 ,P

To investigate the therapeutic effect of Lamivudine on reinfection of hepatitis B virus, seven patients with terminal HBV related hepatic diseases who had received orthotopic liver transplantation, were studied. Among them, 5 patients were treated with lamivudine bcfore and after liver transplantation, and 2 patients received common antiviral treatment. No hepatitis B virus reinfection and YMDD mutations occurred in the group of patients with Lamivudine therapy. However in the group of patients receiving common antiviral therapy, both patients suffered from hepatitis B virus reinfection. Lamivudine is potentially effective in the prophylaxis of hepatitis B virus reinfection after orthotopic liver transplantation.

Objective To observe the basic rhythm of myoelectrie activities of sphcter of Oddi (SO)and explore its biological significance.Methods Healthy adult rabbits(n=32)were randomized into 4 groups with 8 in each.The first group was for recording of myoelectric activities of SO after keeping fast for 18 hours.The second group was manipulated to observe the myoelectric activities of SO after food infusion through the stoma in stomach.The myoelectric activities of SO in the third group were monitored after the classical Nardi test was performed on these rabbits.The fourth group was used to observe the myoelectric activities of SO after the cholinergic receptors had been blocked.Using the double claw metal electrodes which were put into SO and duodenum through the plasma membrance,the myoelectric signal were recorded with RM6240 multi-channel physiologic recording and signal processing system and non-stop recording was conducted for 120-150 mins.Results 1)Spike Potentials of SO with the frequency was observed in rabbits that had been fasting.2)Myoelectronic activity of SO was observed in rabbits infused with 50 ml milk through stoma.3)After the administration of 1 mg morphine and 1 mg neostigmine i.v,the myoelectric activities of SO were noted as long-lasting persistent MASO.4)Administration of anisodamine 1 mg(i.v.)in the empty abdomen group dismissed SPSO and MASO.This state lasted for 120 min before SPSO gradually reconverted to the state of empty abdomen.Conclusion There are four patterns of myoelectric activities of SO,i.e,tensional waves under empty abdomen indicating a state in which the SO kept a basic tension level.Peristaltic waves under intake of food.Spastic waves under the stimulation of drugs and relaxant waves under the post-ganglionic block of cholinergic receptors were observed in the present study.Correspondingly,their mechanic locomotion is inferred as the basic tensional state to faciliate the deposition and condensation of bile,the peristalsis for the entry of bile into duodenum,the spasmus so that the bile can not be released into duodenum under pathological situation or the effect of drugs.the long lasting relaxant state after effective inhibition of post-ganglionic cholinergic receptors,respectively.The above results indicate that there are more than two states that is ON or OFF in SO and the concepts of contract and peristalsis of SO should be distinguished.

Objective To establish a 3D digitized visual model of the liver to provide anatomical structure for planning hepatic operations and creating accurate computer simulations of the liver.Methods Transverse sections of abdomen were chosen from the Chinese Visible Human dataset. The liver was reconstructed in three dimensions with surface rendering in combination with volume rendering reconstruction. Results Accurately segmented images of the main structures of liver were completed. The reconstructed structures could be displayed singly, in small groups or as a whole and could be continuously rotated in 3D space at different velocities. Conclusion The reconstructed liver is realistic and demonstrates the natural shape and exact position of hepatic structures. It provides an accurate model for the automated segmentation algorithmic study and a digitized anatomical model of the liver.

Objective To investigate the percentage of Th17 cells and regulatory T cells in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) and observe the effects of methylprednisolone infusion on these cells.Methods The circulating Th17 cells and CD4+ CD25highT cells of 66 MG patients and 35 healthy controls were detected using four colour cytometry. The relationship between these cells and MGFA score in 18 MG patients and in 8 MG patients after methylprednisolone was infusion were also analyzed in this study. Results There was significant difference in the percentage of circulating Th17 cells between MG patients (2. 61% ±0. 28% ) and the healthy controls (0. 94% ± 0. 12%, Z = 4. 059, P = 0. 0001 ). Methylprednisolone therapy significantly reduced the percentage of circulating Th17 cells from 4. 72% ± 1.21% to 1.81% ± 0. 69%(Z = 1. 995,P = 0. 0460). In addition, the percentage of Th17 cells showed a positive correlation with MGFA score(r =0. 5359, P =0. 0219). Conclusions Circulating Th17 cells are elevated in MG patients.Methylprednisolone therapy can reduce such elevation, and this may be important in mediating symptomatic improvement in MG patients.

ObjectiveTo study the multiple electrodes radio-frequency in treating complications of liver tumor and its prevention and treatment. Methods 114 patients of liver tumor were treated with multiple electrodes radio-frequency for 170 times,clinical complication and its prevention and cure were observed. ResultsThe rate of complication was 9.6%. The complications included 1 case of colon perforation, 4 cases of skin burn, 5 case of hydrothorax, 1 case of subcutaneous hemorrhage, but no patient died from these. ConclusionThe rate of complications of multiple electrodes radio-frequency treatment for liver tumor is low and the complications can be prevented and cured.