Objective To explore clinical characteristics of patients with Klinefelter′s syndrome(KS; 47,XXY).Methods 227 male patients with 47,XXY treated by artificial insemination with donor(AID)were included.Age, education, height, weight, body mass index(BMI), testicular volume, FSH, LH, testosterone(T), prolactin(PRL), estradiol(E2)were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of these patients, their height were(176.4±5.5)cm, weight(74.5±12.7)kg, BMI(23.89±3.66)kg/m2[77 of overweight(33.92%)and 34 of obesity(14.98%)], FSH(38.35±14.33)IU/L, LH(19.40±9.00)IU/L, T(132.00±194.50)ng/dl, E2(23.90±15.00)ng/L, PRL(10.50±8.20)μg/L, E2/T 0.21±0.80.Testicular volume had the positive association with the level of T(r=0.197, P=0.003).BMI had the negative association with the serum concentration of T(r=-0.284, P=0.000), while positive association with the E2(r=0.174, P=0.009)and ratio of E2/T(r=0.323, P=0.000).Age had no association with T, E2, and E2/T(P>0.05), but had negative association with the serum concentration of LH(r=-0.154, P=0.02)nd FSH(r=-0.196,P=0.03).The higher education group were older(P<0.01), while the level of T were lower(P<0.01).Conclusion In patients with Klinefelter′s syndrome(KS; 47,XXY), level of T may associate with testicular volume.T, E2, and the ratio of E2/T seem to associate with their height, BMI, and education level.

Objective To analyse the influence of esmolol on plasma N terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide ( NT-proBNP) , heart-type fatty acid binding protein ( H-FABP) and cardiac function in acute cerebral infarction patients with myocardial enzyme abnormalities.Methods 86 acute cerebral infarction patients with myocardial enzyme abnormalities from September 2010 to July 2014 in our hospital were selected and divided into experimental group and control group randomly (43 cases in each group).All patients were accompanied by myocardial enzyme abnormalities, patients in control group were given basic treatment, while patients in experimental group were given esmolol hydrochloride intravenous injection on the basis of control group.Plasma NT-proBNP, H-FABP levels and cardiac function were analyzed in two groups.Results Myocardial enzyme levels had no significant difference between two groups on admission.Plasma NT-proBNP levels also had no statistical differences after admission hospital of 6 h, 15 h and 3 d , and experimental group was significantly lower than control group ( P<0.05 ) after admission hospital of 5 day and 7 days.H-FABP levels had no statistical differences after admission hospital of 6 h, 15 h, and the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05) after admission hospital of 3, 5, 7 days.Cardiac function with Killip classification showed no significant difference when on admission and after admission hospital of 3 days, and the experimental group was significantly better than control group (P<0.05) after admission hospital of 5, 7 days.Conclusion Acute cerebral infarction patients with myocardial enzyme abnormalities given esmolol on the basic treatments significantly reduce NT-proBNP and HAFBP levels, and improve cardiac function, which is worthy of promotion in clinical applications.

Objective To approach the feasibility and reliability of mastoscopic axillary sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection. Methods By using methylene blue to test the axillary sentinel lymph node, endoscopic axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection were performed in 36 patients with breast cancer, and adenomammectomy was performed to all the patients. Results Among the 36 patients, the SLN detection rate was 97.22% (35/36), the sensitivity was 92.86% (13/14), the accuracy rate was 97.14% (34/35), the false negative rate was 7.14%(1/14). The average ALN number was 16.14. Conclusions Mastoscopic axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection are accurate and reliable with little complication. It is easy to use in clinic.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic characteristics of extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumor (E-MRT) with emphasis on diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

METHODSThe clinical and pathologic data of 8 E-MRT cases were reviewed. The outcome was analyzed.

RESULTSThere were four males and four females. The age at presentation ranged from 3 days to 8 years (mean, 2.6 years; median, 3 years). The tumors were located in the extremities (n = 1), head and neck (n = 2), trunk (n = 2), cervical cord (n = 1), liver (n = 1) and retroperitoneum (n = 1). Histologically, the tumors were composed of a diffuse proliferation of rounded or polygonal cells with eccentric nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and glassy eosinophilic cytoplasm containing hyaline-like inclusion bodies, arranged in sheets and nests. Cellular atypia was easily observed and mitotic activity was high. Necrotic and hemorrhagic areas were abundant. On immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells expressed vimentin and epithelial marker such as EMA, AE1/AE3, and CAM5.2. The absence of INI1 protein expression was a distinctive feature. Follow-up of all eight cases revealed five deaths in one year and the other three were disease-free at last follow-up of one month, three months and seven months.

CONCLUSIONSE-MRT is a rare and highly aggressive tumor of infancy and childhood. Recurrence and distant metastasis was common and the 5-year survival rate is low. Increased awareness of the clinocopathologic features and immunophenotypes of E-MRT is helpful for correct diagnosis and effective treatment.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Extremities ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Retroperitoneal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Rhabdoid Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective:To explore the critical value of different blood group antibody titration in ABO blood group incompatible kidney transplant(ABOi-KT)recipients by tube and gel methods to provide rationales for selecting the threshold value of antibody titration before ABOi-KT.Methods:From January 2019 to April 2021, 681 blood group antibody titrations were performed for 214 ABOi-KT recipients.There were type A( n=135), type B( n=168)and type O( n=378). The difference, correlation and consistency of two methods were statistically analyzed. Results:Tube method was 2 gradients lower than gel method(4-fold dilution)and the results were significantly different( P<0.000 1). Spearman's test indicated that the results of two methods were significantly correlated( P<0.000 1). The results of intraclass correlation coefficient showed that the consistency of two methods was general for type A recipients(ICC=0.640), decent for type B recipients(ICC=0.751)and poor for type O recipients(ICC<0.4). When the critical value of tube method was set, titration of type A anti-B was 16, titration of type B anti-A 8 and titration of type O anti-A/B 8.And the corresponding critical values of gel was type A anti-B 32, type B anti-A 16 and type O anti-A/B 16. Conclusions:The results of ABO blood group IgM antibody titration by gel and tube methods are correlative.And gel method is recommended for more stable and reproducible results.

Background: Diabetic macrovascular and microvascular complications often coexist and may share similar risk factors and pathological pathways. We aimed to investigate whether 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, which is commonly assessed in diabetes management, can predict incident diabetic nephropathy (DN) and retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled 2,891 patients with clinically diagnosed T2DM who were free of ASCVD, nephropathy, or retinopathy at baseline in the Guangzhou (2017–2022) and Shaoguan (2019–2021) Diabetic Eye Study in southern China. The 10-year ASCVD risk was calculated by the Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China (China-PAR) equations. Multivariable- adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were developed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate predictive capability. Results: During follow-up, a total of 171 cases of DN and 532 cases of DR were documented. Each 1% increment in 10-year ASCVD risk was associated with increased risk of DN (pooled HR, 1.122; 95% CI, 1.094 to 1.150) but not DR (pooled HR, 0.996; 95% CI, 0.979 to 1.013). The model demonstrated acceptable performance in predicting new-onset DN (pooled AUC, 0.670; 95% CI, 0.628 to 0.715). These results were consistent across cohorts and subgroups, with the association appearing to be more pronounced in women. Conclusion Ten-year ASCVD risk predicts incident DN but not DR in our study population with T2DM. Regular monitoring of ASCVD risk in routine diabetes practice may add to the ability to enhance population-based prevention for both macrovascular and microvascular diseases, particularly among women.

Background: Diabetic macrovascular and microvascular complications often coexist and may share similar risk factors and pathological pathways. We aimed to investigate whether 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, which is commonly assessed in diabetes management, can predict incident diabetic nephropathy (DN) and retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled 2,891 patients with clinically diagnosed T2DM who were free of ASCVD, nephropathy, or retinopathy at baseline in the Guangzhou (2017–2022) and Shaoguan (2019–2021) Diabetic Eye Study in southern China. The 10-year ASCVD risk was calculated by the Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China (China-PAR) equations. Multivariable- adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were developed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate predictive capability. Results: During follow-up, a total of 171 cases of DN and 532 cases of DR were documented. Each 1% increment in 10-year ASCVD risk was associated with increased risk of DN (pooled HR, 1.122; 95% CI, 1.094 to 1.150) but not DR (pooled HR, 0.996; 95% CI, 0.979 to 1.013). The model demonstrated acceptable performance in predicting new-onset DN (pooled AUC, 0.670; 95% CI, 0.628 to 0.715). These results were consistent across cohorts and subgroups, with the association appearing to be more pronounced in women. Conclusion Ten-year ASCVD risk predicts incident DN but not DR in our study population with T2DM. Regular monitoring of ASCVD risk in routine diabetes practice may add to the ability to enhance population-based prevention for both macrovascular and microvascular diseases, particularly among women.

Background: Diabetic macrovascular and microvascular complications often coexist and may share similar risk factors and pathological pathways. We aimed to investigate whether 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, which is commonly assessed in diabetes management, can predict incident diabetic nephropathy (DN) and retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled 2,891 patients with clinically diagnosed T2DM who were free of ASCVD, nephropathy, or retinopathy at baseline in the Guangzhou (2017–2022) and Shaoguan (2019–2021) Diabetic Eye Study in southern China. The 10-year ASCVD risk was calculated by the Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China (China-PAR) equations. Multivariable- adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were developed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate predictive capability. Results: During follow-up, a total of 171 cases of DN and 532 cases of DR were documented. Each 1% increment in 10-year ASCVD risk was associated with increased risk of DN (pooled HR, 1.122; 95% CI, 1.094 to 1.150) but not DR (pooled HR, 0.996; 95% CI, 0.979 to 1.013). The model demonstrated acceptable performance in predicting new-onset DN (pooled AUC, 0.670; 95% CI, 0.628 to 0.715). These results were consistent across cohorts and subgroups, with the association appearing to be more pronounced in women. Conclusion Ten-year ASCVD risk predicts incident DN but not DR in our study population with T2DM. Regular monitoring of ASCVD risk in routine diabetes practice may add to the ability to enhance population-based prevention for both macrovascular and microvascular diseases, particularly among women.

Background: Diabetic macrovascular and microvascular complications often coexist and may share similar risk factors and pathological pathways. We aimed to investigate whether 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk, which is commonly assessed in diabetes management, can predict incident diabetic nephropathy (DN) and retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This prospective cohort study enrolled 2,891 patients with clinically diagnosed T2DM who were free of ASCVD, nephropathy, or retinopathy at baseline in the Guangzhou (2017–2022) and Shaoguan (2019–2021) Diabetic Eye Study in southern China. The 10-year ASCVD risk was calculated by the Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China (China-PAR) equations. Multivariable- adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were developed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate predictive capability. Results: During follow-up, a total of 171 cases of DN and 532 cases of DR were documented. Each 1% increment in 10-year ASCVD risk was associated with increased risk of DN (pooled HR, 1.122; 95% CI, 1.094 to 1.150) but not DR (pooled HR, 0.996; 95% CI, 0.979 to 1.013). The model demonstrated acceptable performance in predicting new-onset DN (pooled AUC, 0.670; 95% CI, 0.628 to 0.715). These results were consistent across cohorts and subgroups, with the association appearing to be more pronounced in women. Conclusion Ten-year ASCVD risk predicts incident DN but not DR in our study population with T2DM. Regular monitoring of ASCVD risk in routine diabetes practice may add to the ability to enhance population-based prevention for both macrovascular and microvascular diseases, particularly among women.

ObjectiveTo improve the quality standard of Yuanhu Zhitong oral liquid in order to strengthen the quality control of this oral liquid. MethodThin layer chromatography（TLC） was used for the qualitative identification of Corydalis Rhizoma and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix in Yuanhu Zhitong oral liquid by taking tetrahydropalmatine， corydaline reference substances and Corydalis Rhizoma reference medicinal materials as reference， and cyclohexane-trichloromethane-methanol（5∶3∶0.5） as developing solvent， Corydalis Rhizoma was identified using GF254 glass thin layer plate under ultraviolet light（365 nm）. And taking petroleum ether（60-90 ℃） -ether-formic acid（10∶10∶1） as developing solvent， Angelicae Dahuricae Radix was identified using a silica gel G TLC plate under ultraviolet light（305 nm）. High performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was performed on a Waters XSelect HSS T3 column（4.6 mm×250 mm， 5 μm） with acetonitrile（A）-0.1% glacial acetic acid solution（adjusted pH to 6.1 by triethylamine）（B） as the mobile phase for gradient elution（0-10 min， 20%-30%A； 10-25 min， 30%-40%A； 25-40 min， 40%-50%A； 40-60 min， 50%-60%A）， the detection wavelength was set at 280 nm， then the fingerprint of Yuanhu Zhitong oral liquid was established， and the contents of tetrahydropalmatine and corydaline were determined. ResultIn the thin layer chromatograms， the corresponding spots of Yuanhu Zhitong oral liquid， the reference substances and reference medicinal materials were clear， with good separation and strong specificity. A total of 12 common peaks were identified in 10 batches of Yuanhu Zhitong oral liquid samples， and the peaks of berberine hydrochloride， dehydrocorydaline， glaucine， tetrahydropalmatine and corydaline. The similarities between the 10 batches of samples and the control fingerprint were all >0.90. The results of determination showed that the concentrations of corydaline and tetrahydropalmatine had good linearity with paek area in the range of 0.038 6-0.193 0， 0.034 0-0.170 0 g·L^-1， respectively. The methodological investigation was qualified， and the contents of corydaline and tetrahydropalmatine in 10 batches of Yuanhu Zhitong oral liquid samples were 0.077 5-0.142 9、0.126 1-0.178 2 g·L^-1， respectively. ConclusionThe established TLC， fingerprint and determination are simple， specific and reproducible， which can be used to improve the quality control standard of Yuanhu Zhitong oral liquid.