Objective To study the regulation role on molecular level of hCG on P450scc,P450c17 and 3?HSD in adult mouse Leydig cells. Methods Leydig cells of adult mice were cultured in vitro for 1 and 8 hours with or without hCG,then P450scc,P450c17 and I,VI total 3?HSD mRNA levels were measured respectively by the semi quantitative RT PCR as well as Scal restriction endonuclease incised methods.Meanwhile,the testosterone contents were measured in two groups. Results 1.In stimulated group Leydig cells cultured for 1 and 8 hours with hCG,the testosterone contents were higher significantly than those in control groups(1 hour P 0.05),but the ratio of type VI/I 3?HSD mRNA gradually increased. Conclusion hCG can stimulate the transcription of P450scc,P450c17 and type VI 3?HSD in adult mouse Leydig cells.

Objective To study the function of the X\|zone cells in the 5 days old male mouse adrenal gland and the relationship between the function and the sexual differentiation. Methods The technique of in situ RP\|PCR was used to detect the expression of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ 17? HSD mRNA. Results In the cells of X\|zone which located in the interface between adrenal crotex and medulla, there were expressions of type Ⅰ and Ⅲ 17? HSD.Conclusion\ The X\|zone cells of adrenal gland in immature mouse could synthesize androgen, enhanced the male sexual differentiation together with the androgen synthesized from the testis.\;[

Phospholipase C (PLC) is a key enzyme in phosphatidyl inositol turnover during signal transduction. The 12 mammalian PLC isozymes identified to date can be divided into five subtypes, beta-type, gamma-type, delta-type, epsilon-type and zeta-type, with extensive difference in structure, regulatory mechanism and tissue distribution. PLC plays important roles not only in sperm acrosome reaction but also in egg activation. The present studies are reviewed on the structure, regulation and function of PLC, especially its function in male reproduction, including triggering Ca2+ oscillations in eggs to activate the eggs and helping embryo development. And the prospect of the clinical application of PLC is discussed.
Acrosome Reaction ; Animals ; Calcium Signaling ; Humans ; Reproduction ; physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Type C Phospholipases ; chemistry ; physiology

Objectives: To clone genes associated with spermatogenesis. Methods: Usingmodified mRNA differential display technique,we analyzed the differences of geneexpression among four different age mice groups(1-week,2-week,3-week,4-week oldmouse respectively). A gene highly expressed in 1-week old mouse was cloned andsequenced. Results: Sequences comparison showed that the gene shared high homologywith LTBP-3 gene. Conclusions: The results indicated that LTBP-3 gene might becorrelated with spermatogenesis. Natl J Androl,2001,7(2):84～86

Objective To retrospectively analyse the clinical data of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery(OPCAB)in our department and summarize the clinical experience of peri-operative management.Methods From January 2007 to May 2008,253 patients underwent OPCAB.Seventy-six cases with left main disease(including 18 cases of single left main lesion and 58 cases of complex lesion);13 cases had single vessel disease;32 cases had double vessels disease and 190 cases had triple vessels disease.Eighteen cases received emergency OPCAB.All vessel anastomosis were performed with coronary artery stablizer and shunt through median sternotomy.Resuits Three cases died after operation(1.2%).Intra-aortic balloon pump was used in 11 cases.Mechanical ventilation time was 3-168 h[(24.1±22.3)h],and ICU stay time was 1-14 day[(2.8±2.0)d].Postoperative hospital stay time was 8-42 days[(15.6±6.3)d].Conclusion OPCAB is reliable for most bypass cases.With appropilate peri-operative management,a satisfied result will be acceptable.

Objective To summarize the clinical experiences of 1386 patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(OPCAB)during Jan 2002 to Mar 2008.Methods OPCAB was done through midsternumtomy under ordinary-temperature anesthesia after radial artery,left breast artery and vena saphena magna were taken.Patients over 70 years old accounted for 32.35%,and the oldest was 99 years old.Emergency and subemergency OPCAB was done in 111 cases,re-do CABG with off-pump technique was done in 52 patients.Results 24 cases died during perioperation,with mortality of 1.73%and all other patients discharged from the hospital.Following operation,the symptoms of angina pectoris were relieved and the life quality was much beaer than that before operation.Conclusion OPCAB is feasible for older patients,who are complicated with other chronic diseases for elder patients.Skillful technique of surgeon,right indications for OPCAB and management of peri-and postoperation are key to success of operation.

Spermatogenesis, a continuous course of cell proliferation and differentiation, depends on reproductive hormones. FSH and LH-induced T are the main hormones regulating spermatogensis. Intratesticular T is one of the key factors in maintaining spermatogenesis, while FSH is just as important for origination and maintenance of normal spermatogenesis. Sertoli cells are the pivot of hormonal regulation. Interestingly, these reproductive hormones also regulate sperm cell apoptosis spermatogenesis. Further studies on the hormonal regulation of spermatogenesis provide a base for the development of safe and recoverable contraceptives for males.
Androgens ; physiology ; Apoptosis ; Contraception ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; physiology ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone ; physiology ; Male ; Spermatogenesis

Objective To summarize the clinical experiences and early-to median effect of coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG)in patients aged 70 years or above.Methods From Dec.2006 to Dec.2007,86 patients aged 70 or above underwent CABG,of whom 71 cases underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting(OPCAB),15 cases had CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB).5 cases underwent mitral valve replacement,3 underwent aortic valve replacement besides CABG,and one case underwent removal of ventricular aneurysm.Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.Results There was one case who died of enterobrosis after operation.The average ICU stay time was(77.4±49.6)h,the average postoperative stay time was 15 d,and the average drainage was 530 ml.22 postoperative complications were found.76 cases were followed up for 10-22 months.Follow up effect was better showing cardiac classification I-II and no angina pectoris,myocardial infarction and late death.Conclusion Patients with coronary heart disease in good condition will have not remarkable improvement in mortality as compared with ordinary patients but attention should be paid to their preoperative pulmonary function and angina pectoffs.OPCABG would have encouraging result in reducing the rate of postoperative complications and hospital death,which should be recommended as the first choice for the elderly patients.

BACKGROUNDAt present, little is known about the correlation between osteopontin (OPN) and P21 in primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of OPN and P21 and their correlation in NSCLC.

METHODSThe expression of OPN and P21 was detected in 58 NSCLC tissues and 18 pulmonary inflammatory pseudotumor (PIP) as controls by immunohistochemical technique.

RESULTSThe positive rate of OPN and P21 in NSCLC was 58.6% and 70.7% respectively, which was significantly higher than those in PIP (11.1% and 16.7%) (P=0.0008, P < 0.0001). There was a positive correlation between OPN and P21 expression (P < 0.0001). Lymph node metastasis was closely related to OPN expression (P=0.0367), but not to P21 expression (P=0.4898).

CONCLUSIONSThe abnormal expression of OPN and P21 in NSCLC may act in a synergistic way. Immunopositivity of OPN may suggest a potential risk of metastasis in NSCLC.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), covalently closed continuous RNA loops, are generated from cognate linear RNAs through back splicing events, and alternative splicing events may gener-ate different circRNA isoforms at the same locus. However, the challenges of reconstruction and quantification of alternatively spliced full-length circRNAs remain unresolved. On the basis of the internal structural characteristics of circRNAs, we developed CircAST, a tool to assemble alter-natively spliced circRNA transcripts and estimate their expression by using multiple splice graphs.Simulation studies showed that CircAST correctly assembled the full sequences of circRNAs with a sensitivity of 85.63％-94.32％and a precision of 81.96％-87.55％. By assigning reads to specific iso-forms, CircAST quantified the expression of circRNA isoforms with correlation coefficients of 0.85-0.99 between theoretical and estimated values. We evaluated CircAST on an in-house mouse testis RNA-seq dataset with RNase R treatment for enriching circRNAs and identified 380 cir-cRNAs with full-length sequences different from those of their corresponding cognate linear RNAs. RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing analyses validated 32 out of 37 randomly selected isoforms, thus further indicating the good performance of CircAST, especially for isoforms with low abundance. We also applied CircAST to published experimental data and observed substantial diversity in circular transcripts across samples, thus suggesting that circRNA expression is highly regulated. CircAST can be accessed freely at https://github.com/xiaofengsong/CircAST.