Objective To know drinking water quality in the rural areas of Jiangxi province and to provide a scientific basis for making the policy of water improvement.Methods In 2007,twenty-two counties in Jiangxi Province were chosen to investigate the drinking water quality in the rural areas(the types of water source,the ways of water supply,drinking water treatments and population).There were 10-11 monitoring sites in each county.In the dry season(March to May) and wet season(August to October),the water samples were collected,conserved,analyzed and evaluated.Results Of 8 726 568 rural population,16.76% used central water supply taking river water as the water source,83.24%used separate water supply using the shallow and deep layer groundwater as the water source.88.52%of the people consumed the water which was not treated.In wet season and dry season,221 water samples were collected respectively,surface water and groundwater accounted for 21.27%and 78.73% respectively,43.89%and 51.58%of the water samples reached the drinking water standard respectively.In wet season and dry season,the eligible rate of water using surface water as the water source was 63.83%and 59.57%respectively,and it was 38.51% and 49.43%in using groundwater as the water source.In wet season and dry season,the eligible rate of central water supply was 62.79%and 64.84%respectively,it was 31.85%and 42.31%in separate water supply.The total colony count,total coli group,pH, nitrate nitrogen,manganese,iron,arsenic and fluoride were often seen exceeded the related limit.Conclusion The central water supply is not used so widely and microorganism contamination in drinking water is still a main problem in drinking water safety.

Objective To investigate the effect of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) on the peripheral blood levels of high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (HMGB-1) in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or sepsis.Methods Thirty patients with SIRS or sepsis in Intensive Care Unit of our hospital were scheduled for treatment of CVVH.The replacement liquid was put in by the pattern of pre-dilution of 40％ and post-dilution of 60％.The flow-rate was 3 L/h.The blood flow-rate was from 200 to 300 ml/min.5 ml blood from right radial artery was got at the time points of preCVVH,CVVH 2 h,6 h,8 h and post-CVVH 12 h and the serum was stored at the temperature of-20 ℃ after high speed centrifugation,and 2 ml filter liquor was reserved at the time point of CVVH 6 h.The concentration of serum and filter liquor HMGB-1 was measured by ELISA,but that of TNF-α and IL-6 were measured by radioimmunity.Results 30 patients adept CVVH therapy within 24 h to the hospital,and their therapy time was 2 ～ 5(2.4 ± 1.5) d.Among them,17 cases survived and 13 cases died with a fatality rate of 43.3％.Serum concentration of HMGB-1 decreased from the baseline in patients,although this decrease was not statistically significant[(11.88 ± 6.06) ng/ml,(11.97 ± 5.66) ng/ml,(11.94 ± 5.94) ng/ml,(11.73 ± 5.19) ng/ml vs (13.87 ± 4.68) ng/ml,P ＞ 0.05],Serum concentration of both TNF-αand IL-6 after therapy significantly decreased compared to the baseline in patients [TNF-α: (0.28 ± 0.15)ng/ml,(0.30 ± 0.14) ng/ml,(0.29 ± 0.19) ng/ml,(0.33 ± 0.19) ng/ml vs (0.41 ± 0.12) ng/ml,IL-6:(408.20 ±92.18)pg/ml,(250.51 ± 107.34)pg/ml,(276.00 ± 126.20) pg/ml,(315.16 ± 130.97) pg/ml vs (513.35 ± 125.95) pg/ml,P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions CVVH could decrease the concentration of HMGB-1 in peripheral blood,which would be one of the mechanisms of action for CVVH on sepsis.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between the level of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells in periphend blood and disease severity in patients with sepsis.Methods Thirty-six septic patients and 5healthy controls were enrolled.Septic patients were divided into sepsis group(n=10),severe sepsis group (n=15)and septic shock group(n=11).The lymphocyte was seperated from peripheral blood and marked by PE-CD4 and FTTC-CD25 monoclonal antibody,the level of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells was detected by flow cytometry,and the clinical data of APACHE Ⅱ scores of septic patients was considered in 24 hours.The correlation between level of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in peripheral blood and APACHE Ⅱ scores in septic patients was analyzed.Results Compared with the healthy controls [(5.48±0.98)%],the level of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells in sepsis group(10.31±2.32)%,severe sepsis group(14.27 43.33)%,septic shock group(15.32±3.98)% had a significant increase(P＜0.05 or＜0.01).The log value of regulatory T cells in each group correlated positively with the APACHE Ⅱ scores(r=0.829,P=0.032;r=0.868,P=0.021;r=0.913,P=0.009),and the total coefficient of correlation was 0.903(P=0.013).Conclusion The level of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in peripheral blood in septic patients has an abnormal increase,and their levels are related with the severity of disease.

BACKGROUNDThe left atrial appendage (LAA) is thought to be the main source of thrombi in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The purpose of this study was to describe the LAA orifice diameter, LAA length, and morphologic type of the LAA in Chinese patients with AF as well as to evaluate whether these LAA parameters are associated with a history of stroke in patients with AF from a single center in China.

METHODSThe study population consisted of 219 consecutive patients with drug-refractory, symptomatic paroxysmal, or persistent AF scheduled to undergo radiofrequency catheter ablation in our single center. All patients underwent extensive clinical assessment and multidetector computed tomography to fully explore the anatomy of the LAA.

RESULTSOf the 219 patients who underwent catheter ablation procedures, chicken wing LAA morphology was found in 114 patients (52.2%), windsock in 52 (23.9%), cauliflower in 29 (13.0%), and cactus in 24 (10.9%). Compared with the windsock LAA morphology, cactus had a larger left atrial diameter ((42.40 ± 3.68) and (37.91 ± 4.32) mm, P = 0.005) and LAA orifice diameter ((27.38 ± 3.70) and (24.14 ± 3.58) mm, P = 0.048). The LAA length was significantly larger in the chicken wing morphology than in the windsock ((37.50 ± 6.74) and (31.33 ± 3.92) mm, P = 0.015) and cauliflower morphologies ((37.50 ± 6.74) and (31.33 ± 3.92) mm, P = 0.015). According to their medical records, 26 patients (11.9%) had suffered a prior stroke. Compared with patients who had no history of stroke, the prior-stroke patients were older (62.04 ± 8.07 and 58.24 ± 9.24, P = 0.047) and there were fewer patients with chicken wing (23.1% and 59.1%, P = 0.001) and more patients with cauliflower (26.9% and 9.8%, P = 0.046). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age (odds ratio (OR) 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-1.47; P = 0.003), non-chicken wing morphology (OR 5.82; 95% CI 1.61-21.03; P = 0.007), and LAA orifice diameter (OR 1.25; 95% CI 1.05-1.49; P = 0.014) were independent predictors of stroke after adjusting for all parameters that emerged as potential confounders with univariate analysis.

CONCLUSIONLAA analysis can potentially be used to inform guidance on the implication for stroke risk assessment.

Atrial Appendage ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Atrial Fibrillation ; physiopathology ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Stroke ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology

ObjectiveTo monitor the microbes in urban drinking water in Jiangxi from 2016 to 2020， to analyze the change in microbial qualification rate， and to provide a scientific basis for government decision-making. MethodsAccording to the Standard Examination Method for Drinking Water （GB/T 5750‒2006） and the Standards for Drinking Water Quality （GB 5749‒2006）， the water samples were collected， tested and evaluated for hygienic safety. The chi-square test was used to compare the qualification rates among different water periods， water source types， water supply modes， water samples， treatment processes， and disinfection methods. ResultsA total of 10 584 water samples were collected and examined from 2016 to 2020，with a qualification rate of 97.72%. The qualified rate of the microbiological index increased gradually over the years. There was no statistically significant difference in the microbiological qualification rate of water samples monitored in different water periods （χ²=0.718，P=0.398）， and the qualification rates were 97.85% and 97.60% in dry and abundant water periods respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the qualification rates of water samples monitored in different water source types （χ²=79.560，P=0.398）， with groundwater having a higher qualification rate of 98.83% than surface water （97.70%）. The microbiological pass rate of water samples differed among different water supply methods （χ²=201.836，P<0.001）. The microbiological pass rates of municipal centralized water supply， self-built centralized water supply and secondary water supply were 97.51%， 88.94% and 96.56% respectively. The microbiological pass rates of water samples differed among different treatment processes. There were differences in the qualification rates of the water samples between different treatment processes（χ²=855.034，P<0.001）， with 98.22%， 67.19%， 95.60% and 53.13% of the conventionally treated， precipitated filtered， disinfected only and untreated water samples， respectively. The differences in the microbiological qualification rates of the monitored water samples between different disinfection methods were statistically significant （χ²=904.993，P<0.001）. Chlorination disinfection， chlorine dioxide disinfection， other disinfection methods and non-disinfected water samples had the pass rates of 98.35%， 98.19%， 84.38% and 60.16%， respectively. ConclusionThe qualified rate of the microbiological index of drinking water in Jiangxi increases year by year， but there are still some drinking water without appropriate disinfectants and water quality treatment processes. There is still a need to strengthen the purification， disinfection and monitoring of drinking water.