Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of migration inhibitory factor ( MIF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in human gastric cancer tissue and corresponding adjacent normal tissue. Methods Selected surgery and pathologically confirmed 80 cases of gastric cancer as the experimental group, took another 80 cases of corresponding adjacent tissues as a control group. The expressions of MIF and MMP-9 were de-tected in 80 cases of gastric cancer patients cancer tissue and corresponding adjacent normal tissue by immunohisto-chemical SP method. Results ①The expression of MIF and MMP-9 of gastric cancer in varying degrees:The pos-itive rates of MIF and MMP-9 were 68. 8% and 67. 5%,which were higher than that in adjacent normal tissues, 32. 5% and 37.5% (P <0.05);② The expression of MIF was significantly associated with the clinical stage, depth of invasion,degree of differentiation,lymph node metastasis and TNM staging (P<0.05), nothing to do with other clinicopathological parameters;the expression of MMP-9 was significantly associated with the depth of inva-sion,degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis and TNM staging (P<0.05), nothing to do with other clini-copathological parameters;③ There was positive correlation between the expression of MIF and MMP-9 in gastric cancer tissue (χ2 =9. 154, P<0. 01,r=0.338). Conclusion The expressions of MIF and MMP-9 show a posi-tive expression in gastric carcinoma, there maybe have a positive correlation between MIF and MMP-9. Their ex-pressions of varying degrees are closely related with the occurrence and development of gastric cancer, guidance gastric diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.

功能性电刺激（FES）这一技术打开了瘫痪运动功能重建的一个广阔领域。在临床应用的推广中，对FES的基本原理和存在的问题有充分的认识，是应用成功的关键因素之一。本文分三部分阐述FES的基本概念、设计和应用。第一部分将讨论电刺激的阈值、募集顺序等概念。第二部分将介绍肌肉电刺激的安全参数范围、组织损伤，并讨论刺激器的设计。第三部分以C5/C6患者手功能重建为例，阐明功能性电刺激系统的工作原理。

Objective To compare the long-term results of hypospadias surgery and analyze the influencing factors. Methods Sixty-four hypospadiac patients were followed up, cosmetic and sexual functional results were assessed by hypospadiac patients and surgeon using a designed questionnaire and 5-item version of the international index of erectile function (IIEF-5). Selected 35 adult as normal controls. Maximum flow rate and average flow rate Were used to assess evaluation of voiding function. Results All cases were followed up for 3-11 (7.5 ± 2.3) years. The satisfaction with the long-term results of penile appearance had significant differences between hypospadiac patients and surgeon,hypospadiac patients were less satisfied than surgeon (P< 0.05 or < 0.01). No significant differences were noted between hypospadiac patients and normal controls regarding the maximum flow rate [(23.37 ±2.92), (24.41 ±2.94) ml/s], average flow rate [(16.84± 1.75), (17.34 ±2.14) ml/s] and erectile function [(22.31 ± 1.94), (22.80 ± 1.73) pointe](P> 0.05). The average penile lengths[(5.93 ± 1.06) cm] and circumferences[(6.17 ±0.83) cm] of hypospadiac patients under flaccid conditions after operation were significantly shorter than those of normal controls [ (7.38 ± 0.79 ), ( 7.53 ± 0.75 ) cm ] ( P < 0.01). The important factors to influence the results including the age at which surgery was completed, hypospadiac severity, the number of operation and complication. ConclusionsIt is useful to improve the long-term efficacy by minimizing the number of operation and complication, and treating hypospadiac patients earlier. Surgeon should pay more attention to the long-term cosmetic results of hypospadias surgery.

The 'ECU-1'environmental control units are applied to severely disabld individuals for operating home electrical equipments without other's help.They can freely turn on (off)lights,switch on (off)fan,watch on TV and give alarm for help,The function,principle and clinical application of 'ECU-1'is described in this paper.

ObjectiveTo search for the optimal treatment of hydronephrosis after spinal cord injury .Methods46 cases were treated by indwelling catheter, intermittent catheterization and drug therapy, and comprehensive therapy respectively. The course of treatment and the recurrence rate were observed after hydronephrosis remitted. Results There were no differences in the course of treatment among the three different kinds of therapy. The recurrence rate of the detrusor sphincter dyssynergia(85.7%) was higher than that of the detrusor hyperreflexia (35%) and the detrusor hyporeflexia(25%).ConclusionsThe optimal therapy on slight and moderate hydronephrosis should be intermittent catheterization and drug therapy to avoid the complications of long term indwelling catheter. SCI hydronephrosis is indistinct and recurrent easily. B ultrasound for kidneys is helpful in discovering SCI hydronephrosis on early stage. The earlier the treatment, the better the prognosis. Urodynamics plays an important role in the management of SCI hydronephrosis.

Functional electrical stimulation(FES) offers a vast potential for partial restoration of parlayzed movements. This three part article will review the basic concepts,system design and applications of FES. In part I,concepts such as activation threshold, recruitment order are discussed. Part Ⅱ introduces stimulation waveforme,safe parameters and tissue damage,as well as the design principle of stimulators for use with percutaneous electrodes. Part Ⅲ outlines clinical applications of FES,in particular,for restoration of hand grasp function for C5/C6 patients.

Attenuated total reflection (ATR) FT-IR spectroscopy was used to quantitatively characterize the extent of bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorbed on the surface-coating-modified poly(ether urethane) (PEU) matrix. The two surface modifying additives (SMA) were respectively a tri-block-coupling-polymer of stearyl poly (ethylene oxide)-4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate-stearyl poly(ethylene oxide), for short MSPEO, and another similar block-coupling polymer with the Cibacron Blue F3G-A endgroups, for short cibaMPEO. The experiments of static BSA adsorption were composed by two parts. One was static isothermal adsorption, and the other was static adsorption kinetics. The quantitative characterization was based on the optical principles of FT-IR, method of experiment and index of the apparatus, by which the enhancement of BSA adsorption on the SMA-modified surfaces was confirmed.
Adsorption ; Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Cattle ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Polyurethanes ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; metabolism ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Stearates

As regeneration scaffolds or templates in tissue engineering, polymeric materials play key roles in inducing tissue regeneration, and mediating cell growth and differentiation, i.e. functioning as artificial extracellular matrix. The polymeric materials including biological derived biopolymers and synthetic polymers, which are usually employed in tissue engineering, are reviewed in this paper.
Biocompatible Materials ; Cellulose ; Collagen ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Lactic Acid ; Polyesters ; Polymers ; Tissue Engineering