OBJECTIVE To explore the precaution against nosocomial fungal infections of lower respiratory tract(NFILRT).METHODS A retrospective analysis on eighty-seven cases who catched NFILRT during the years 2002 to 2004 was done.RESULTS 80.46% Cases were over 60 and the average age was 67.95 and the average in-hospital days were 46.95;most of the NFILRT patients had serious underlying diseases.Before the NFILRT,immunosuppressive agents had been injected to 47.13% cases and 42.53% patients had taken anti-acid medicine;94.25% cases had received antimicrobial agents and the average days of using antimicrobial agents were 11.01 days,and among these patients 62.20% had received more than two kinds of antimicrobial agents.About 32.18% of the NFILRT cases were associated with tracheal intubation,incision of trachea and mechanical ventilation;some patients had no clinical symptoms referred to the respiratory tract;the mortality rate was 26.44% and it couldn′t be obviously cut down by using antifungal agents.CONCLUSIONS It is very important to prevent NFILRT by using antimicrobial agents reasonably and enhancing immunity in these patients.

OBJECTIVE To understand the sites of nosocomial infection and its pathogenic bacteria. METHODS Infection sites and pathogens of 2134 patients with nosocomial infection were analyzed. RESULTS Totally 2235 infections were occurred. The main site was lower respiratory tract(30.47%),followed by upper respiratory tract(18.20%) and operated wound(12.17%). Among 815 strains,149 were Gram-positive bacteria,456 Gram-negative bacteria and 210 fungi. The rates of main Gram-positive cocci in lower respiratory tract,burned and operated wounds were 42.14%,20.00% and 12.86%,respectively; the rates of main Gram-negative rods in lower respiratory tract,burned wound and urinary tract was 44.14%,29.70% and 10.90%,respectively; the rates of fungi in lower respiratory tract,oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract was 41.90%,18.56% and 18.10%,respectively. CONCLUSIONS According to the main sites and pathogenic bacteria of nosocomial infection,countermeasure should be taken to prevent and control nosocomial infection.

Aim To investigate the effect of curcumin on radiosensitivity of radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2R and its mechanism.Methods The concentration of curcumin was screened by MTT assay.Dose-survival curves were obtained according to the colony forming test for L-Q matching and multitarget-single hitting matching,while SF2 and the correlation parameters of radiation biology were calculated.The changes of cell cycle in CNE-2R cells caused by curcumin were also tested by flow cytometry(FCM).The differential expression of genes related to cell cycle and DNA damage repair were detected by RT-qPCR.Results CNE-2R cells could not be inhibited by 10 μmol·L-1 curcumin.Dealt with 10 μmol·L-1 curcumin for 24 h,the value of α/β increased to 1 596 from 6.56;the value of SF2 decreased to 0.361 Gy from 1.93 Gy;the value of N decreased to 1.06 from 1.60;the value of D0 decreased to 2.12 from 3.27;the value of Dq decreased to 0.12 from 1.53.FCM showed that the cells in G2 phase had a significant increase and the cells in S phase had a significant decrease after dealt with 10 μmol·L-1 curcumin for 24 h.The expression of CDK4 was significantly up-regulated and GADD45g,BRCA1 were significantly down-regulated.Conclusion Curcumin radiosensitizes nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2R by changing cell cycle and affecting DNA damage repair through regulating the expression of CDK4,GADD45 g and BRCA1.