AIM: To study the effect of selectin on lung injury in rabbits with diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA). METHODS: 12 male New Zealand rabbits were divided into experimental group (DK groups, intravenous injection of streptozocin and alloxan monohydroate, n =6) and normal control group (received same dose of saline, n =6). After 72 hours, all the animals were killed and blood and lung tissue were collected. Blood gases, expressions of selectin-P and selectin-L were detected. RESULTS: The expression of selectin in DK group were higher than that in NS group. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that selectin expression may play an important role in lung injury during diabetic ketoacidosis.

Objective To observe the effect of telbivudine combined with adefuvir dipivoxil in the treatment of Hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis.Methods 56 Hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis were divided into two groups:treatment group (30 cases) and control group (26 cases).During 24 weeks,the control group received adefuvir dipivoxil( 10mg daily),supportive and symptomatic treatments,while the treatment group received telbivudine therapy(600mg daily) combiled with adefuvir dipivoxil ( 10mg daily) based on the regular treatments.After 24 weeks,the effect was observed and compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,the biochemical markers,Child-Pugh score of the treatment group was (33.2 ± 13.8) μmol/L,(44.5 ± 16.4) U/L,(36.1 ±1.5) g/L,(6.1 ± 1.8) points,respectively,and was better than those of the control group[ (71.8 ±18.6) μ mol/L,(89.9 ±44.9) U/L,(29.7 ± 1.3)g/L,(8.1 ±2.2) points] (t=15.32,15.20,23.37,6.09,all P＜0.05) ;HBV-DNA negative rate,HBeAg seroconversion rates of the treatment group was 93.3％ (28/30),43.3％(13/30),and was higher than that of the control group[76.9％ (20/26),7.6％ (2/26) ] (x2 =4.87,9.08,all P＜0.05).Conclusion Telbivudine combined with adefuvir dipivoxil was effective and safe for the treatment of Hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis.

This study was performed to investigate the features of HBV-specific CD8+T cell reactivity in patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB),HBV-induced liver cirrhosis(LC)or hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).A total of 124 CHB patients,36 LC patients,and 114 HCC patients were enrolled in this study.The reactive HBV-specific CD8+T cells in peripheral blood were enumerated using an innovative ELISPOT system.In addition,19 CHB patients and 20 HCC patients were longitudinally monitored with an interval of 3-5 months.Data showed that the numbers of reactive HBV-specific CD8+T cells in CHB group were not significantly different from that in LC group,but obviously lower than that in HCC group(P=0.009 9),especially HBsAg-,HBpol-and HBe/cAg-specific CD8+T cells.In CHB group,the patients with normal ALT level,AST level,or low HBV-DNA load showed significantly more reactive HBV-specific CD8+T cells than the patients with abnormal ALT level,abnormal AST level,or high HBV-DNA load.Furthermore,the duration of NUCs treatment had an impact on the HBV-specific CD8+T cell reactivity in CHB patients,while different NUCs at the same treatment duration did not bring different reactivity of HBV-specific T cells.In LC group,the HBeAg-positive patients presented much more reactive HBV-specific CD8+T cells than the HBeAg-negative patients did.In HCC group,the numbers of reactive HBV-specific CD8+T cells in the patients with normal AFP level or normal DCP level were significantly higher than that in the patients with abnormal AFP level or abnormal DCP level.Longitudinal monitoring results showed that HBV-specific CD8+T cell reactivity displayed a slow upward trend in the CHB patients undergoing NUCs treatment,and an obvious increasing in the HCC patients undergoing combined treatment of targeted drugs and immunotherapy.Taken together,the features of HBV-specific CD8+T cell reactivity are distinct among the CHB,LC and HCC patients,and are influenced by virological indicators,tumor markers and treatment regimens.Therefore,more attention should be paid to the changes of HBV-specific CD8+T cell reactivity during clinical treatment.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasivr/voxilaprevir(SOF/VEL/VOX)in patients with HCV infection experiencing failure in previous direct-acting antiviral agent(DAA)therapy.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the chronic hepatitis C patients who experienced failure in previous DAA antiviral therapy and were treated with SOF/VEL/VOX(400 mg/100 mg/100 mg/tablet,1 tablet/day)for 12 weeks in Nanjing Second Hospital,Wuxi Fifth People's Hospital,and The Third People's Hospital of Zhenjiang from June 2020 to June 2023.Sustained virological response at 12 weeks(SVR12)was observed after the end of treatment,and the changes in biochemical parameters and the incidence rate of adverse reactions were assessed to evaluate drug safety.The paired t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups.Results A total of 36 patients were enrolled,among whom there were 27 non-liver cirrhosis patients and 9 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis,and 4 patients experienced failure in the previous two or more sessions of DAA therapy.Two patients were lost to follow-up after treatment,and the remaining 34 patients(34/36,94.4%)achieved SVR12.Among the 36 patients enrolled,the most common adverse events were pruritus,nausea,fatigue,and headache,and one patient(2.78%)experienced serious adverse events;there were no adverse events that resulted in the discontinuation of therapeutic agents or the death of patients.Conclusion For chronic hepatitis C patients who experience failure in previous DAA therapy,SOF/VEL/VOX salvage therapy has a relatively high rate of SVR12,with good tolerability and safety.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of antaitasvir phosphate 100 mg or 200 mg combined with yiqibuvir for 12 weeks in patients with various genotypes of chronic hepatitis C, without cirrhosis or compensated stage cirrhosis.Methods:Patients with chronic hepatitis C (without cirrhosis or compensated stage cirrhosis) were randomly assigned to the antaitasvir phosphate 100 mg+yiqibuvir 600 mg group (100 mg group) or the antaitasvir phosphate 200 mg+yiqibuvir 600 mg group (200 mg group) in a 1∶1 ratio. The drugs were continuously administered once a day for 12 weeks and observed for 24 weeks after drug withdrawal. The drug safety profile was assessed concurrently with the observation of the sustained virological response (SVR12) in the two patient groups 12 weeks following the drug cessation. The intention-to-treat concept was used to define as closely as possible a full analysis set, including all randomized cases who received the experimental drug at least once. The safety set was collected from all subjects who received the experimental drug at least once (regardless of whether they participated in the randomization group) in this study. All efficacy endpoints and safety profile data were summarized using descriptive statistics. The primary efficacy endpoint was SVR12. The primary analysis was performed on a full analysis set. The frequency and proportion of cases were calculated in the experimental drug group (antaitasvir phosphate capsules combined with yiqibuvir tablets) that achieved "HCV RNA