Objective To summarize the initial outcome of single lung transplantation in the treatment of endstage pulmonary disease.Methods From Jan.2003 to June 2005,11 cases were subjected to single lung transplantation consecutively at our hospital.Of the 11 patients with end-stage pulmonary diseases,7 underwent the right single lung transplantation,and 4 the left procedure.Among them,2 patients received single lung transplantations by the same donor.Results Of the 11 patients,6 cases have been alive for more than 1 year(including 3 cases been alive for more than 2 years).Three cases have been alive for more than 6 months.Lung function examination was done 2 months after lung transplantation.Nine patients showed normal PaO_(2) values(more than 80 mm Hg) with an average improvement of(37.6%),and 8 obtained an average improvement of(165.2%) in FEV_1.One case died of bleeding intra-operatively.One case died of chylothorax at 3rd month post-operatively.The incidence of acute rejection was(1.2) averagely in this group.As to other complications,aspergillosis occurred in 4 cases,severe lung infection in 2 cases,reperfusion-injury-induced pulmonary edema in 1 case at 36th h postoperatively,and upper alimentary canal hemorrhage in 1 case at 7th day.Chronic rejection occurred in 1 case at first year postoperatively.Conclusions Single lung transplantation is effective in treating end-stage pulmonary disease.The incidence of complication was higher after lung transplantation.Effective prevention and management should be emphasized.