Objective To investigate effects of Cocain and amphetamine-regulated transcript(CART) peptides on cerebral ischemic damage and Caspases-3 activities of neurons.Methods 12 mice were randomly divided into CART group and the control group.Mice model of cerebral ischemic was made,after CART group was lateral ventricle injected CART peptides,control group was lateral ventricle injected saline water.Infarction volume was detected by TTC staining.Viability rate of OGD-neurons with CART peptides or salinewater,after mice cortical neuron in vitro was detected by MTT.Caspases-3 activitie was measured by ELISA.Results Infarction volume in the CART group [(0.225?0.044)mm3] was significantly smaller than that in the control group [(0.389?0.055)mm3](P

BACKGROUND: Interlocking nail implantation exhibits great stability and preventory effect on fracture shortening or rotation.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reasons and countermeasures for the complication after interlocking nail implantation in treating femoral fracture.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The case analysis was performed at Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital of Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from April 1987 to April 2008.PARTICIPANTS: 352 patients underwent femoral interlocking nail implantation, including 289 male and 63 female with an average age of 35.9 years (range 18-84 years).METHODS: 127 patients were treated with close interlocking nail implantation, of which 30 cases were subjected to minimal incision to assist nail insertion; 24 were treated with dynamic interlocking nail implantation; 321 with static interlocking nail implantation, and 38 with interlocking nail implantation for femoral reconstruction.MIAN OUTCOME MEASURES: Complications post-implantation; limb joint function recovery during long-term follow-up.RESULTS: 331 cases were followed-up for over 60 months, and the longest follow-up lasted for 252 months. Complications were found in 16 cases, including deformity union in 2, femoral neck fracture in 1, exit of the nail in 2, infection in 2, breakage in 8 (nonunion in 3), and perineal nerve injury in 1. Except 2 with deformity union and recovered by secondary surgery, all patients developed bone union. During the followed-up, no pain or knocked pain was found with normal pseudoarthrosis activities and functional activities. The excellent function recovery in joints and limbs was 91.2%.CONCLUSION: Nail breakage is the main complication after interlocking nail implantation. Therefore, we should select longer and thicker interlocking nail as the first choice. In addition, the interlocked screws should be distal to fracture site. For the patients with severe trauma, the interlocking nail implantation in early stage of fracture would not increase complications.

BACKGROUND: With the advanced progress of prostheses manufacture and surgical technique, early loosening of hip articulation prostheses and femoral neck fracture tend to reduce after hip surface arthroplasty. Meanwhile hip articulation activity has been improved.OBJECTIVE: To discuss the biocompatibility between the implants and the hosts in patients underwent hip surface arthroplasty and observe the functional recovery of hip articulations.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Retrospective case analysis was carded out in the Department of Orthopaedics, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA (Shanghai, China) from January 2006 to August 2007.PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-two patients with hip articulation diseases, including 25 females and 27 males, underwent sixty-three hip surface arthroplasties, and eleven cases of them were subjected to bilateral arthroplasty. Their average age was 47.6 years.METHODS: Hip resurfacing prostheses were offered by Zimmerm Company (Huntington, Indiana, USA). Hip resurfacing was performed using 4-mm-thick cement-less acetabular bone (metal acetabular cup of 3.7-ram thickness was coated with 0.3-mm plasma titanium). Acetabular cup exhibits large diameter and arch shape (165°), is coated with 0.3-ram plasma titanium and fixed with cement less. By means of posterolateral approach, acetabular prostheses were implanted to the central position of hip articulation with regards to anatomy. Acetabular prostheses were covered more than 90% area.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Subsequent to the arthroplasty, biocompatibility between the implant materials and the hosts was recorded, such as dislocation and infection. Functional recovery of the patients was assessed with Harris hip score at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after operation and annually thereafter. Radiological evaluation was conducted to record radioactive permeability in the areas of 1 ram around acetabular cup in the DeLee and Charnley zone.RESULTS: All patients were involved in the follow-up. There were no cases of dislocation, deep venous embolism, deep infection or neurovascular complications that required further treatment. The mean Harris score was 38 points before operation and significantly increased to 90 points after operation. Two patients appeared a 2-mm crevice below acetabular prostheses, which disappeared 6 months after arthroplasty. Acetabular or femoral prostheses removal, or local osteolysis was detectable.CONCLUSION: Metal-on-metal hip surface arthroplasty has excellent early effects on young and active patients. The arthroplasty potentially offers the ultimate bone preservation and better restoration of hip articulation function in patients, without specific biocompatibility.

Ultrasound biomicroscopy is an important ultrasound medical instrument and primary used in ophthalmology.The article design a probe of ultrasound biomicroscopy which is Portable, Low power consumption and High performance. Which can be used when plug in the computer USB interface.
Equipment Design ; Microscopy, Acoustic ; Ophthalmology

Objective:To compare the effects of rotational night shifts on the micturition patterns of fe-male nurses.Methods:A total of 58 nurses without lower urinary tract symptoms were recruited,who worked in the Peking University People’s Hospital during January and June in 2014.The nurses aged 20 -43 years were divided into two groups,the night-shift group (n =28)and the non-shift group (n =30).The alcohol or coffee intaking were forbidden.In the night-shift group,nurses had worked on rota-tional shifts for at least 6 months.Their average age was (26.75 ±4.11)years.In the non-shift group, nurses took regular day-time work,whose average age was (27.80 ±5.60)years.A voiding diary was kept for 7 consecutive days at the end of 6 months,starting 2 days before their night duties until 4 days after completion of their night duties.For comparison,the non-shift group with regular shifts completed a 7-day voiding diary.In the 7-day recording voiding diary,the nurses were required to have the normal in-take of liquid about 1 500 -2 000 mL/d.The frequency volume charts of nocturia,the 8-hour interval urine production and frequency were compared between the two groups.Results:Nocturia frequency was increased in the night-shift group [0.5 (0 -2.4)]compared with the non-shift group [0 (0 -2),P =0.02].The volume of nocturia was increased in the night-shift group [125 mL (0 -660 mL)]compared with the non-shift group [0 mL (0 -340 mL),P <0.01].The 8-hour interval indices showed that urine production changed with shift (P <0.01).In the consecutive 7 days,the nocturnal volume of the night-shift group increased on the day after night shift.When the night-shift nurses returned to daytime duty, the volume of urine decreased but nocturnal urine production remained high,and the frequency of noctu-ria also increased significantly (P <0.05).Compared with the 8-hour interval indices,the night-shift group’s voiding volume [(542.35 ±204.66)mL]and voiding frequency (2.24 ±0.69)were more than those of the non-shift group at the afternoon time (from 2 pm to 10 pm).During the 8 h interval night time (from 10 pm to 6 am),the volume of nocturia in the night-shift group [(309.74 ±162.74) mL]was more than that in the non-shift group [(199.38 ±153.98)mL,P =0.01];the frequency of nocturia in the night-shift group (1.31 ±0.52)was increased than that in the non-shift group (0.82 ± 0.55,P <0.01).Conclusion:The rotational shifts affect the micturition patterns of nurses who go through the night shift work,which increases the volume and frequency of the nocturia.

Hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP)-induced sodium dodecyl sulfate/dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (SDS/DTAB) catanionic surfactant coacervate extraction method coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to detect the migration of phthalates from disposable tablewares to drinking water. The concentration factors are larger than 82 and extraction recoveries over 53%for water samples spiked with 100 or 200 ng/mL phthalates. Limit of detection is in the range of 1.0–2.6 ng/mL. Good linearity with correlation coefficients larger than 0.9985 is obtained in the concentration of 20–1500 or 40–3000 ng/mL. Relative recoveries are from 82.4%to 123.6%for water samples spiked with 30/60, 250/500, and 1500/3000 ng/mL phthalates, respectively. Relative standard deviations (RSDs) are 0.4%–7.4% for intraday precision (n ? 5) and 0.6%–7.8% for interday precision (n ? 3). Four of studied phthalates are found in the drinking water samples prepared from four kinds of tablewares.

Objective To evaluate retrospectively the role of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT associated with MRI in the localization of epileptogenic foci. Methods Sixty-seven patients with medically resistant epilepsy were included from 2003 to 2008. All underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT and MRI for presurgical evaluation as well as post-surgical evaluation 12 to 65 months after operation. Based on postoperative seizure occurrence, patients were divided into two groups. One group was free of seizures ( Engel classification Ⅰ, Group 1) and the other was with postoperative seizure occurrence of any type ( Engel classification Ⅱ-Ⅳ, Group 2). X2-test or Fisher's exact test was used for the statistical analysis. Results About 71.6% (48/67) patients were defined as group 1, and 19 patients were group 2 ( 11 were Engel Ⅱ , 5 were Engel Ⅲ, and 3 were Engel Ⅳ ). In Group 1, no statistically significant difference was found between concordant (45/63) and discordant findings (3/4) with regard to 18F-FDG PET/CT and MRI images (Fisher's exact test, P ＞0.05). For 41 patients that showed focal abnormality both on MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT, 80.5% (33/41) were found in group 1. For 20 patients that showed focal lesions on MRI while with multi-focal or generalized abnormal metabolism on 18F-FDG PET/CT, 11 (55.0%) were in group 1 and9 (45.0%) were group 2. There was no significant difference (33/41 vs 11/20, X2 =4.34, P ＜0.05 ). Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT associated with MRI may offer more helpful information for pre-surgical evaluation and prediction of prognosis of epileptic patients.

Objective To select more rapid,sensitive and specific method in detection of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)directly from clinical specimens.Methods RSV was detected by virus isolation in tissue culture,direct smears and detection by indirect immunofluorecence assay(IFA),rapid culture assay,sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)as well as labbed streptavidin biotin method(LSAB)from 45 specimens(nasopharyngeal aspirates,NPAs) collected from infants and young children with acute lower respiratory tract infection.Results Of 45 NPAs,12 cases(26.7%) were positive by virus isolation,14 cases(31.1%) were positive for RSV by direct detection of RSV antigen by IFA,20 cases(44.4%) were positive with rapid culture assay,4 cases(8.9%)were positive by sandwich ELISA,4 cases(8.9%)were positive by LSAB.Conclusion Rapid culture assay and direct detection of RSV in NPAs direct smears by IFA are rapid,sensitive method in the diagnosis of RSV infections.

Objective:To improve the TLC identification method in the quality standard for Yangyin Qingfei granules by identifying paeoniflorin and radix scrophulariae on the same condition plate. Methods:The preparation method for paeoniflorin sample solution in the original standard of TLC identification was improved, the extraction method was water-saturated n-butanol extraction, and the reference crude herb solution of radix scrophulariae was prepared. Simultaneous TLC identification of paeoniflorin and radix scrophular-iae was carried out according to the method described in the original standard. Results:The improved TLC method could be used in the simultaneous identification of paeoniflorin and radix scrophulariae, the spots were clear, and the separation and reproducibility were promising without interference. Conclusion:The improved method is more useful in the quality control of the product with simplified operation.