Objective To investigate different dosage of dexmedetomidine for preventing elderly postanes-thetic shivering.Methods 100 ASAⅠ~Ⅱ elderly patients (60~80 ages)scheduled for laparotomy were enrolled in this study.According to a computer-generated list of random numbers,patients were randomly allocated to receive dexmedetomidine in the four groups:group A (0.9%normal saline),group B (dexmedetomidine 0.25μg/kg),group C (dexmedetomidine 0.5μg/kg),group D (dexmedetomidine 0.75μg/kg).The occurrence of postanesthetic shive-ring and adverse reactions in perioperative period and post operation were observed.Results The incidence rate shiv-ering were 24% and 20% in group C and D,which were significantly lower than 64% in group A (χ2 =5.333,6. 876,all P<0.05),but there was no difference between C and D groups(χ2 =0.117,P>0.05).Rectal temperature was no difference among four groups(F=1.271,P>0.05).Extubation time was shorter in group A(21.6 ±4.0)min than that in group D(24.4 ±2.8)min(F=6.194,P<0.05).Conclusion Our results suggest that dexmedetomi-dine 0.5 or 0.75 μg/kg can prevent shivering after general anesthesia effectively.But potential for delayed extubation time with dexmedetomidine was noted.The loading dose of 0.5 μg/kg dexmedetomidine is recommeded to prevent eld-erly shivering after general anesthesia.

Heavy-ions have the similar characteristic of depth-dose distribution with protons, but exhibit enhanced physical and radiobiological benefits. With increasing development in technical and clinical research, more facilities are being installed in the world. At the same time, many critical techniques of heavy-ion therapy facility were optimized and completed. This paper classified and reviewed the basic structure of heavy-ion system equipments, especially the accelerator, gantry, nozzle , TPS.
Cancer Care Facilities ; Heavy Ion Radiotherapy ; instrumentation ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate molding technology of total alkaloids from Sophora alopecuroides freeze-dried powders and observe its inhibition effects on liver transplantation tumor in mice.

METHODWith color, clarity, water-soluble and formability as indexes, single factor tests were adopted to screen type and amount of filler, the concentration of total alkaloids in drug liquid, pH in order to determine optimum prescription of total alkaloids from S. alopecuroides freeze-dried powders, the lowest melting point was determined and freeze drying curve was drafted. Mice hepatoma H22 ascites tumor strain was sterile inoculated in right axillary subcutaneous of mice, and antitumor effect of total alkaloids from S. alopecuroides freeze-dried powders on liver transplantation tumor H22 in mice.

RESULTWhen selected 80 g x L(-1) as mannitol as filler, the concentration of total alkaloids in drug liquid was 25 g x L(-1) and pH 6.5-7.5, freeze-dried effect was optimum with fast reconstitute speed. Average inhibition rate of the big (120 mg x kg(-1)) and medium (60 mg x kg(-1)) dose group of total alkaloids from S. alopecuroides freeze-dried powders on liver transplantation tumor H22 in mice were 56.08% and 35.49%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONPreparation technology was reasonable, reproducible and stable, total alkaloids from S. alopecuroides freeze-dried powders had significant antitumor effect and showed a dose-effect relationship.

Alkaloids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Color ; Freeze Drying ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Mice ; Powders ; chemistry ; Sophora ; chemistry ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects

Objective:To analyze the prognostic factors in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Methods:A total of 205 patients with pretreated MBC were included in this study. These patients were admitted to the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Insti-tute&Hospital and had undergone radical surgery of breast cancer between January 2008 and December 2010. The clinicopathologic information of the patients was collected in this retrospective analysis. Results: The median overall survival of the patients was 32 months (1 month to 132 months). Luminal A, Luminal B, HER-2 overexpression, and triple-negative patients had a median overall sur-vival of 36 months (4 months to 132 months), 32 months (7 months to 122 months), 29 months (1 month to 85 months), and 24 months (1 month to 98 months), respectively. Univariate analysis showed that lymph node metastases, clinical stage, molecular type, visceral disease, first multiple metastatic sites, and shorter metastasis-free interval were significantly associated with poor outcomes. In multivar-iate analysis, lymph node metastases, clinical stage, molecular type, visceral metastasis, and the number of first metastatic sites were significant predictors of patient survival. Conclusion:Lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, triple-negative breast cancer, and visceral metastasis were used as independent poor prognostic indicators for survival in patients. Results of this study may assist physicians in evaluating the survival potential and determining the appropriate therapeutic strategy for MBC patients.

OBJECTIVETo analyze causes of missed diagnosis of hiding post-malleolar fractures in treating ankle joint fractures of pronation-external rotation type according to Lauge-Hansen classification and assess its medium-term outcomes.

METHODSAmong 103 patients with ankle joint fracture of pronation-external rotation type treated from March 2002 to June 2010,9 patients were missed diagnosis,including 6 males and 3 females,with a mean age of 35.2 years old (ranged, 18 to 55 years old) . Four patients were diagnosed during operation, 2 patients were diagnosed 2 or 3 days after first surgery and 3 patients came from other hospital. All the patients were treated remedially with lag screws and lock plates internal fixation. After operation,ankle joint function was evaluated according to American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS).

RESULTSAll the 9 patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 14 to 30 months (averaged, 17 months). No incision infection was found, and all incision healed at the first stage. At the latest follow-up, AOFAS was 83.0 +/- 4.4, the score of 4 patients diagnosed during operation was 85.0 +/- 2.9, and the score of 5 patients treated by secondary operation was 81.0 +/- 5.3. All the patients got fracture union observed by X-ray at a mean time of 2.2 months after operation. There were no complications such as internal fixation loosing, broken and vascular or nerve injuries.

CONCLUSIONAnkle joint fracture of pronation-external rotation type may be combined with hiding post-malleolar fractures. So to patients with ankle joint fracture of pronation-external rotation type, lateral X-ray should be read carefully, and if necessary, CT or MRI examination should be performed. If adding lateral X-ray examination after reduction of exterior and interior ankle joint fixation, the missed diagnosis may be avoided.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ankle Fractures ; False Negative Reactions ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pronation ; Rotation ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between psychologic status and personality characteristics of certain recruits.Methods168 recruits were surveyed by Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ).ResultsIn 168 recruits, the factorial scores including interpersonal sensitivity, hostility and phobia were higher than the norm of Chinese and PLA (P<0.05～0.01). In junior high school recruits, the factorial scores including hostility and constrain were higher than the senior school recruits (P<0.05). Certain recruits showed higher scores of factor P, factor N, and lower scores of thinking factor, factor E and factor L and all the factors of SCL-90 compared with the norm of Chinese.ConclusionThe mental status and personality characteristics of certain recruits are poor. The company should strengthen psychological education and quickly adapt the recruits to the military circumstance.

Objective To investigate the measurement of serum calcium by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and to validate the method for use as a candidate reference method. Methods Serum was diluted by 50 fold with 50 mmol/L hydrochloric acid containing 10 mmol/L LaCl3 and analyzed for calcium on an AA 6800 atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Dilution solutions and FAAS conditions were optimized and the performance of the method was evaluated. Results The method showed within-run, between-run and total CVs of 0. 31%～0.38%, 0.16%～0.30% and 0.35%～0.49%, respectively, and analytical recoveries ranging 98.9%～101.1%. No significant interferences were detected. Conclusions A FAAS method for the measurement of serum calcium has been established. The method is simple and accurate and may be used as a candidate reference method for serum calcium.

OBJECTIVETo study therapeutic effects between hook plate fixation and modified Weaver-Dunn surgery for the treatment of acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

METHODSForty patients with fresh acromioclavicular joint dislocations of type III according to Rockwood classification were reviewed. All the patients were divided into two groups: hook plate fixation group and modified surgery group. There were 20 patients in hook plate fixation group, including 13 males and 7 females, with an average age of (37.45 +/- 14.29) years old; 12 patients had injuries in the left and 8 patients had injuries in the right; preoperative Constant-Murley score was 40.75 +/- 10.40. And there were 20 patients in modified surgery group,including 11 males and 9 females, with an average age of (41.65 +/- 14.83) years old; 11 patients had injuries in the left and 9 patients had injuries in the right; preoperative Constant-Murley score was 42.75 +/- 8.18. The Lazzcano standard, Constant-Murley score and imaging changes were used to evaluate shoulder joint function before and after surgery.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up,and the duration ranged from 7 to 32 months,with an average of 24 months. According to Lazzcano evaluation, 16 patients got an excellent result,3 good and 1 poor in modified surgery group with no re-dislocation, and 1 patient had pain more than middle degree; while in hook plate fixation group, 9 patients got an excellent result, 7 good and 4 poor, 1 patient had re-dislocation, and 3 patients got pain more than middle degree. The therapeutic effects of modified surgery group were better than those of hook plate fixation group. Constant-Murley scores:preoperative 42.75 +/- 8.18 vs 93.40 +/- 4.04 at the latest follow-up in modified surgery group; preoperative 40.75 +/- 10.40 vs postoperative 88.40 +/- 4.81 and 92.05 +/- 4.49 at the latest follow-up in hook plate fixation group. The postoperative scores all improved compared to preoperative scores in two groups. And there was no statistical difference of scores at the latest follow-up between two groups.

CONCLUSIONThe surgery of allograft tendon transplantation combined with anchor fixation to strengthen coracoclavicular ligament, as well as part transposition of acromiocoracoid ligament and resection at the distal part of clavicle may got safety fixation and less postoperative complications compared with hook plate internal fixation.

Acromioclavicular Joint ; injuries ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Plates ; Case-Control Studies ; Clavicle ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orthopedic Procedures ; instrumentation ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the clinical features and efficiency of surgical treatment in elderly patients with parathyroid tumor.Methods Clinical data of 12 cases (aged 60-83 years) was retrospectively analyzed.Their main complaints varies individually,including bone and muscle trouble in 9 patients,abdominal problem in 7 ones,and kidney stone in 6 ones.PTH level ranged from 78 to 2850 μg/L,and calcium level 2.6-4.5 mmol/L.Parathyroidectomy was carried out in 8 patients,while extended excision of suspected tissues in 6 ones.Intraoperative PTH determination was routinely performed.Results A drop by at least 50％ in PTH level was achieved in all cases after 10 minutes of tumor-bearing tissues excision.A much improvement of main complaints was shown in all cases about 1 week postoperatively.During the follow-up period from 18 to 48 months,both PTH and calcium levels were still in normal range in 9 patients,relapse was noticed in two cases 1 or 2 years after operation respectively.One patient died even after successful excision of parathyroid tumor.Conclusions PTH and calcium level determination is advised in elderly patients with suspected parathyroid tumor,and surgical treatment is generally safe and effective.

Objective Understand the variation of serum creatinine measurement in clinical laboratories of some hospitals in Beijing.Methods 8 samples of mixed frozen human serum added different creatinine concentration standard materials(the creatinine concentration were80-1 000 ?mol/L)and 8 samples of mixed frozen serum of patients(contained different creatinine concentration)were distributed to 13 clinical laboratories(31 series of detection systems)with the way of spot investigation.Every clinical laboratories measured the samples followed the standard operating procedure.Results As to the mixed frozen human serum added different creatinine standard materials,the CV of different detection systems results were 5.74%-9.68%;as to the mixed frozen patients' serum,the CV was 5.90%-11.69%. Compared with Beckman closed detection systems,the results of Dade systems(which used the kinetic alkaline pieric acid method)showed the bias were-5.99%-0.35%,and as to the other systems which measured by alkaline picric acid method,when creatinine concentrations were 200 ?mol/L,the results showed negative bias,and the greatest bias was-8.45%.The bias plots revealed negative for all of the detection systems with enzymatic method over the whole concentration range,and the greatest bias was -8.88%.Conclusions The creatinine determination results of Beckman and Dade closed detection systems were consistent.The results of detection systems which used enzymatic method were generally lower than Beckman detection systems.What's more,the creatinine measurement variations of clinical laboratories were very large,especially for the results of unclosed detection systems,so it was urgent need to solve the standardization of creatinine measurement.