Objective To observe the cellular phenotype conversion of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cocultured indirectly with heat-shocked human sweat gland cells (SGCs) in vitro and explore the relative mechanism. Methods MSCs and SGCs were isolated and amplified in vitro. First,primary confluent cultures of SGCs were heat-shocked at 47℃. Then, the supernatants were collected immediately and 24 hours before applied to the third generation of MSCs. After seven days, the MSCs expressing CK7, CK18 and CEA were examined by two-step immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry and compared with the control group. Results MSCs treated with the supernatants of SGCs proliferated slowly, with no obvious morphological changes during seven days. Two-step immunocytochemistry demonstrated positive staining of CK7 and CEA in some cells. Additionally, the positive rate of CK7 and CEA was 5.76% and 2.01% by flow cytometry, much higher than that of the control sample, which was only 1.12% and 0.51% respectively (P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions There are some signal moleculars in the supernatants of heat-shocked SGCs, which benefits the transdifferentiation of MSCs.

Objective To study the diagnosis of thoracic myelopathy caused by ossification of ligamenta flava(OLF) and the influence of the improved surgical procedure on clinic effect. Methods From October 1994 to December 1999, 14 patients with thoracic myelopathy secondary to OLF were diagnosed and treated by improved procedure. The chief clinic manifestation of the disease were insidious and progressive onset of numbness, sensory loss of lower extremities or trunk, motor weakness, gait disturbance and imbalance, hyperreflexia and sphincter dysfunction. 41 levels of OLF were found by means of plain radiography,MRI associated with CT or CTM and were resected.There were 4 levels at T 8-9, 10 levels at T 9-10, 11 levels at T 10-11 and 5 levels at T 11-12. OLF were removed by means of improved posterior “floating”procedure that open “window”at cranial and caudal end and cut“bridge”at left and right side of ossified mass. The latest results were assessed according to JOA scale score system and recovery ratio. the preoperative average JOA scale score was 4.1 point (range 1 to 8 points). Results 14 patients were followed up from 6 to57 months with an average of 23 months. The postoperative average JOA scale score was 9.4 point (range 5 to 11), the recovery ratio was 76.8% and the excellent and good results was 85.6%. The average amount of blood loss was 370 ml and the average operative time was 175 minutes. Conclusion Clinic history and neurological examination associated with MRI and CT or CTM was the important means of the diagnosis of OLF, improved surgical technique was more effective and reliable.オ

Objective To propose a stream-media technology based on the new transmission technology. Methods Firstly,we explored the advantages and disadvantages of exiting PACS image in LAN (Local Area Network) and WAN (Wide Area Network) and then expounded distance diagnosis related to HIS and PACS,VPN technology,wireless network applications,more points consultation applied technology. At last,we made an analysis of the characteristics of the stream-media transmission technology. Results The characteristics of low bandwidth occupied,high security,and high scalability of stream-media transmission technology fit the needs of PACS development. Conclusion Application of streammedia technology transferred in PACS image provides a new economical and practical technical solution to break through limitation of network bandwidth in medical imaging integrated information,and to thoroughly make use of medical resource.

Objective To evaluate the MRA by measuring the diameter of the stenosis artery and the contralateral normal vertebral artery with unilateral stenosis. Methods Seventeen-six patients were divided into normal group and vertebral arterial type of cervical spondylosis group.Among 26 vertebral arterial type of cervical spondylosis cases,13 cases appeared as vertebral arterial type with unilateral stenosis of ≤1.6 mm in diameter .Statistics assessment of MRA in stenosis and contralateral artery was engaged. Results The unilateral artery stenosis diameter measured

Hemodynamic monitoring is an essential part in the care of children with congenital heart disease during perioperative period to guide clinical management.Currently,there are several methods available for hemodynamic monitoring.The invasive methods include the Fick method,thermodilution method,using the Swan-Ganz catheter and the pulse contour method.The noninvasive methods include partial carbon dioxide resorption,impedance method.In this paper,the principle,advantages and disadvantages of these monitoring methods in children undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery were reviewed.

AIM: To optimize the extraction process of Myrrha by SFE-CO 2. METHODS: Orthogonal design was applied and GC was used to determine the contents of ?-Elemene in order to optimize the process. RESULTS: The optimized conditions were as follows: pressure 25 MPa, temperature 45 ?C and extraction time 4 h. CONCLUSION: The method of SFE-CO 2 is rapid, convenient in comparison with conventional methods.

Objective To analyze the clinical and radiographic outcomes of staged reduction and fixation in a consecutive series of patients with the old Lisfranc injuries. Methods Fifty patients (16 feet) with Lisfranc injuries were treated with staged reduction. Mean duration between injury and surgery was 4. 8month ( 3 to 8 month) . In first stage an external fixator was applied across the Lisfranc joint and distraction was done at 1 milliliter per day to 2 milliliter per day. In the second staged the ORIF ( open reduction and internal fixation) was doneand we were able to reduce all the fractures and dislocations. Extra-Articular screws and staple fixation were used for fixation. We compared categorical variables using Fisher’ s exact test and continuous variables using paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results All patients were followed up 1 to 3 years ( mean 2. 2 years) in the clinic. The visual analogue scale score averaged 3. 1 points at the final follow-up, the average AOFAS scores for these patients were 55. 8 points ( range, 43 to 98 points), with a significant increase than before surgery ( P=0. 001). The mean duration between two surgeries was 3. 2 weeks (range 2. 5-4. 5 weeks). Anatomic reduction was obtained in all 15 patients. At the last follow-up, 2 patients had lost reduction. Posttraumatic osteoarthritis was observed in 5 patients, and all of them were scheduled for arthrodesis because of persistent pain. Conclusions The study have displayed that staged reduction and Extra-Articular fixation should be considered for old Lisfranc injuries with a good reduction, the firm stability, low risk of intraoperative fracture. The short-term effectiveness is good, but the long-term effectiveness needs further follow-up.

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of 64‐slice spiral CT for in‐stent restenosis (ISR) after percuta‐neous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) .Methods :A total of 120 CHD patients after PCI received 64‐slice spiral CT angiography and routine coronary angiography (CAG ) respectively . Then coronary ISR was assessed .Results:With CAG as the gold standard ,sensitivity ,specificity ,positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 87.5% ,95.3% ,80.0% and 97.3% respectively for 64‐slice spiral CT cor‐onary angiography in diagnosis of ISR .Conclusion :The 64‐slice spiral CT coronary angiography possesses high sensitivity and accuracy diagnosing coronary in‐stent restenosis ,which can be used as one of noninvasive measures for postoperative follow‐up after percutaneous coronary intervention .

Human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G), a kind of non-classical major histocompatibility complex class I antigens, can inhibit inflammatory reaction, assist tumor cells to escape from immune surveillance and promote the immunologic tolerance of the graft. HLA-G, expressed and secreted by human amniotic mesenchymal cells (HAMC), suppresses the functions of NK cells, T cells and B cells and modulates the activity of dendritic cells (DC). These findings provide a theoretical basis for illustrating the mechanism of immunosuppression on HAMC. In this article, the recent advances on not only the gene and the molecular structure of HLA-G, but also the possible mechanisms of HLA-G in immunoregulatory function of HAMC, as well as the relation of HLA-G with HAMC, NK, DC, T and B cells are reviewed.
Amnion ; cytology ; HLA-G Antigens ; immunology ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; immunology

Objective To evaluate the ultrasonic characteristics of nasal bone absence at 16-34 weeks of pregnancy referring to fetal chromosomal anomalies. Methods The ultrasonic findings of the 20 fetuses with nasal bone absence at second or third trimester in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were reviewed referring to chromosomal karyotyping and labor induction or birth outcomes. Results The ultrasound features of the 20 fetuses including:(1) There were 17 fetuses showed bilateral nasal bones absence. The sonographic features were absence of hyper echo of nasal bone underneath the skin on either sagittal or transverse section. There were 5 fetuses showed multiple abnormalities:Four fetuses showed cardiac abnormalities (three showed atrioventricular septal defect, one showed ventricular septal defect, one showed ventricular septal defect with abnormal great vessels). One fetus showed duodenal obstruction′double bulbs′. The other minor abnormalities including short femur and humerus, increasing echogenetic bowels, aberrant right subclavian artery, mild unilateral ventriculomegaly, mild renal pelvic ectasia, outreached tongue, abnormal gestures of hands. (2) There were 3 fetuses showed unilateral nasal bone absence. The sonographic features were absence of hyper echo of either nasal bone on transverse section but with hyper echo on sagittal section. Two fetuses showed cardiac abnormalities (one fetus showed atrioventricular septal defect, one showed ventricular septal defect). The other minor abnormalities including short femur and humerus, hyper echogenetic bowels, increasing thickness of nuchal translucency or nuchal fold. Twelve fetuses were induced labor but only one had biopsy showed accordant result with ultrasound. (3) Karyotyping results:there were 9 of trisomy 21, 1 of 4p-and 7 of normal karyotype fetuses showed bilateral nasal bone absence. There were 2 of trisomy 21 and 1 of normal karyotype fetuses showed unilateral nasal bone absence. (4) Birth outcomes and follow-up:twelve fetuses induced labor but only one fetus had biopsy. Eight fetuses were born until term and 5 fetuses showed normal in follow-up. The results of twelve fetuses showed concordant with ultrasonic ifndings. Conclusions Characteristics of the nasal bone absence are absence of bilateral or unilateral nasal bones. If we ifnd nasal bone absence in prenatally ultrasound screening, the karyotyping should be recommended in order to detect chromosomal abnormalities especially trisomy 21.