In order to provide some more scientific and practical advice and tactics for acupuncture in prevention of migraine in clinic, a computer-based information search was conducted in MEDLINE database, and the current reports of clinical trials were summarized and a comparison of Western and Chinese research designs was made. The significant role of acupuncture for prevention of migraine has not been applied in wide range in China until the present day. However, it has been paid great attention in Western countries. This situation might be related to the differences of efficacy assessment of acupuncture between China and Western countries; meanwhile, in the past traditional acupuncturists put much stress on the therapeutic approaches for acute attacks of headache but less on prevention. It is necessary for Chinese doctors to learn from research method in the West and emphasize more on acupuncture for preventing migraine and conduct high-level clinical trials as well. The author recommends that Chinese doctors should select acupuncture points mainly according to meridian syndrome differentiation and apply long term intermittent interventions.

This study is to evaluate the HAART pharmacodynamics with dolutegravir as the "anchor" in vitro. A nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) resistant recombinant virus model (VSVG/HIV-1(RT-D67N,K70R,T215F)) and an integrase inhibitors (INIs) resistant recombinant virus model (VSVG/HIV-1(IN-G140S,QI48H)) were constructed and established. The anti-viral pharmacodynamics was evaluated with drug combinations including two NRTIs along with one INI or one NNRTI. The results showed that the combination with an INI gave a stronger synergism on wild type HIV-1 replication comparing to that with an NNRTI. Comparing the two INIs as the "anchor" for HAART, DTG exhibited an equivalent CI to that of RAL on wild type HIV-1 replication; but a greater synergy than RAL on INI-resistant HIV-1 replication. Besides of the pharmacodynamics results of DTG-based drug combination, the results may contribute to clinical antiviral therapy.
Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; Cells, Cultured ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; HIV Integrase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; physiology ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Virus Replication ; drug effects

Aged ; Chondroma ; diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Male ; Tracheal Neoplasms ; diagnosis

Objective To construct clinical thinking competence index system for undergraduate nursing students.Methods The study established the Clinical Thinking Competence Evaluation Index System through Delphi method.Results The evaluation index system included 5 level-1 dimensions and 28 level-2 Index connotations.Conclusions Through quantitative research methods,Clinical Thinking Competence evaluation index system is established for undergraduate nursing students,which provides an objective standard for cultivation and evaluation of undergraduate nursing students.

Objective To investigate the relationship among social anxiety,fear of negative evaluation and self-esteem and supply reference for psychological health education.Methods We adopted Social Avoidance and Distress Scale(SAD),Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale(FNE)and self-esteem(SES)scale to investigate nursing students in a certain university and college.Then we analyzed the investigation results. Results The scores of SAD and SES of nursing students with different education background were distinctly different(P<0.05).The score of SAD was positively correlated with that of SES(r=0.483,P<0.05)and FNE(r=0.316,P<0.01).Conclusion We should strengthen the cuhivation of serf-esteem for nursing students and help them to get rid of fear of negative evaluation and conquer social anxiety.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant tumor of the liver.The incidence and mortality rates were ranked the sixth and three respectively in all kinds of tumors.Liver resection and liver transplantation has achieved remarkable curative effect in the treatment of early of HCC,but the recurrence is still an important problem to be solved.In HCC patients,local resection and liver transplantation after 5 years,the recurrence rate wasere 70％ and 35％,respectively.The invasiveness of tumor is different,and the recurrence rate is also different.Microvascular invasion (MVI) as a marker of tumor invasion has been widely used in the diagnosis of HCC.Some scholars believe that MVI imay bes the first step in the liver or systemic metastasis of liver cancer,if we can predicted the MVI before surgery,it will play a positive role in making treatment programs,because in order to reduce the recurrence rate,anatomic resection of and extended resection range is recommended.Advances in magic radiological technology have made made it possible to diagnose MVI before surgery.In this paper,CT,MRI,PET and ultrasound in the diagnosis of MVI would be introduced.

Objective:To prepare nevirapine nanosuspensions ( Nev-NS) and study the pharmacokinetics in rats. Methods:Nev-NS was prepared by a high pressure homogenization technology. The particle size, PDI and Zeta potential of the nanosuspensions were used as the indices to determine the influencing factors in the preparation process. Nevirapine plasma concentration was detected by HPLC and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3P97 software. Results: The particle size, PDI and Zeta potential of Nev-NS was (456. 1 ± 72. 1) nm, 0. 441 ± 0. 072 and ( -24. 4 ± 4. 7) mV, respectively. AUC0-12 of Nev and Nev-NS was (7. 57 ± 0.52) and (11.72 ±1.83) mg·h·L-1, t1/2 was (2.45 ±0.31) and (3.16 ±0.39) h, Tmax was (1.43 ±0.38) and (1.61 ± 0. 32) h and Cmax was (1. 62 ± 0. 42) and (3. 15 ± 0. 52) mg·L-1 , respectively. Conclusion:Nev-NS can improve the pharmacoki-netic behavior of Nev in rats significantly, and obviously enhance the bioavailability when compared with nevirapine suspensions.

Objective To analyze the influence factors of lower extremities deep venous thrombosis after hip replacement,and provide guidance for perioperative prevention.Methods 52 cases of patients underwent total hip replacement were selected,who were given color doppler ultrasound examination for lower limb venous thrombosis after hip replacement.And analyzed risk factors of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis from patient's gender,age,blood lipid,D -dimer,complications and surgical index.Results During the 52 cases,16 cases were found with postopera-tive lower limb deep vein thrombosis (30.8%);Single factor analysis showed that patients with age ≥65 years,over-weight or obese (BMI≥25kg/m2 ),high triglycerides (TG ≥ 1.7mmol/L)and high D -dimer level (≥500μg/L), diabetes or high blood pressure,large blood transfusion combined with a greater incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis (P <0.05).Further multiple factors regression analysis showed that age ≥65 years,overweight or obesity, high triglycerides,high D -dimer,diabetes,large blood transfusions were independent risk factors of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (OR =15.693,1.278,9.832,3.053,1.855,1.014,all P <0.05).Conclusion Patients with total hip replacement should be given preoperative vein thrombosis risk assessment,patients with age ≥65,overweight or obese,high triglycerides,D -dimer level,diabetes,large number of blood transfusions have higher risk of deep vein thrombosis,we should focus on perioperative monitoring,application of low molecular heparin,lower limb vein pump, etc.early postoperative lower limb rehabilitation exercise,to reduce the occurrence of deep vein thrombosis.

0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that risk factors for vascular complications included the difference in radial artery diameter and sheath size; prolonged procedure time and comorbidity of diabetes mellitus. Conclusion Transradial access is a safe and practical alternative approach for intervention procedure. Vascular ultrasonic examination is valuable for selection sheath before invention procedure especially in patients with diabetes mellitus and in assessment vascular complications after the procedure.

Aspheric intraocular lenses(IOLs)have been shown to provide better quality of vision than spherical IOLs.However,these lenses are not ideal for all patients.Surgeons may have different strategies for compensating for the patients's cornea spherical aberration,targeting a postoperative spherical aberration of zero or +0.10 ?m.But we must know that the negative spherical aberration aspheric IOLs require very good centration with respect to the visual axis of the eye.