In this paper,a method of solid-phase luminescence immunoassay(LIA)of human alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)is described.The IgG of horse anti-human AFP-IgG was labelled with 6[N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-enthyl]-amino 2,3-dihydrophthalazine 1,4-dione (ABEI).The sensitivity of the method was 6.25ng/ml.The intra and inter coefficientsof variation was 7.9% and 9.8% respectively.The value of AFP of 20 patients assayedby LIA was compared with that assayed by radioimmunoassay(RIA).Although,the datafrom LIA were lower than that assayed by RIA,the results obtained by two methodscorrelated fairly well with a correlation coefficient(r)of 0.95.

Respiratory tract infection is a common disease in childhood.Virus plays an important role in respiratory disease.With the progresses in molecular technologies in these years,newly discovered viruses have been identified including human metapneumovirus,human coronaviruses,human Bocavirus,polyomaviruses,new enterovirus and rhinovirus strains.These viruses have been identified to cause childhood respiratory infection.This review overviews the newly recognized respiratory viruses and seek to focus on their contribution to infection and co-infection in respiratory tract infection in childhood.

Blood transfusion in liver surgery still plays an important role.However,blood transfusions may cause immunosuppression recipients and hinder the body' s immune response against the tumor,promotes tumor metastasis and recurrence.How to resolve this contradiction? We must study and research the effects of allogeneic blood transfusion on liver cancer metastasis and recurrence after hepatic resection,and to find strategies to improve the liver cancer prognosis.

Digital technology is a hot spot in the orthopedic research in recent years.Computer-aided orthopaedic surgery is a kind of interdisciplinary and frontier technology,usually involving preoperative design and plan,virtual operation,intraoperative navigation and implementation.The application of computer-aided techniques in the treatment of proximal humeral fractures was summarized in this article.We intended to inform surgeons of the digital techniques which have been efficiently used in the clinic and improved the efficacy of PHF treatment.

Many studies have shown that the embolism caused by vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque is one of the major causes of ischemic stroke. However, there is still not a simple and precise method to identify the vulnerable plaques yet. This article reviews the various methods for detecting vulnerable plaques from the aspects of serology and imaging.

Objective To explore the preoperative misdiagnosis in the breast cancer and the methods to improve the diagnostic accordance rate. Methods The preoperative diagnosis and results of 358 cases with breast cancer has been analysized retrospectively in the recent ten years. Results Total Cases with present diagnostic technique diagnosed befor operation was 176 only;the accordance rate was less than 50%.With aspiration biopsy and molybdenum palladium roentgenograph,the rate was 25%(79 cases).The actual preoperative accordance rate was less than 10%(32 cases).It is said approximately 90% cases were postoperatively diagnosed. Conclusion The present excision biopsy not only has made many patients lost the chance of chemotherapy preoperation, but also interferenced the application of new therapic methods in the clinical practice.Infrared spectroscopy and ultrasonography have been commonly used in the clinical practice.With the low diagnostic accordance rate,they were applied only for screening.With simplity and high diagnostic accor dance rate,aspiration biopsy and molybdenum pall adium roentgenograph should be enrolled extensively in the clinical practice. The puncture and specimen fixing technique also should be improved.

Objective To find an effective operational approach that can mostly reduce heat and other injury to Calot's triangle when separating and anatomizing it at LC operation.Method We abandoned traditional hot separating method by electric coagulation hook which can cause hot injury easily and cold separating method simply by elastic separating plier which can cause errhysis and illegibility of operational field.We applied sucting and scraping cold separating method mainly by suction apparatus which can keep operational field clear and avoid hot injury.Result 52 cases with different cholecyst disease (including cholecystolithiasis,cholecyst polyp,acute cholecystitis with edema and acute cholecystitis with partly gangrene) were adopted by this method and achieved satisfacted effect.Conclusion Sucting and scraping cold separating method are easily operated and can mostly keep separated tube skeletonized.It can avoid hot and other injury in operation,keep operational field clear by less errhysis.To acute cholecystitis with edema it has more advantage and are worth to adopting.

Astrocyte elevated gene (AEG) -1 is cloned as a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) -1-inducible and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-inducible transcript in primary human fetal astrocytes (PHFA) by a rapid subtraction hybridization approach. AEG-1 has been reported to be up-regulated in various types of human cancers. Multivariate analyses indicat that AEG-1 correlates with the ability of growth, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and chemoresistance of tumors. AEG-1 over-expression activates the PI3K-Akt,nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathways in several crucial aspects of tumorprogression. AEG-1 represents a viable potential target for the therapy of human cancers.

Aim To investigate the effect of allopurinol and benzbromarone on serum level of uric acid, hepatic xanthine oxidase(XOD) activity and intestinal expression of glucose transporter(GLUT) 2 and 5 in rats with fructose-induced hyperuricemia.Methods Wistar rats were fed with 10% fructose in drinking water for consecutive 8 weeks to induce HUA.Treatment with 5 mg·kg-1 allopurinol or 10 mg·kg-1 benzbromarone were intragastricly administered from 5~8 weeks.Serum level of uric acid and XOD activity in liver were tested.Expression of GLUT2 and GLUT5 in intestine was analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining and Western blot.Results Treatment with allopurinol or benzbromarone significantly decreased the serum level of uric acid in fructose-induced hyperuricemic rats.At the same time, allopurinol treatment significantly reduced the XOD activity in liver and GLUT5 expression in intestine.Nevertheless, benzbromarone treatment did not show inhibitory effect on hepatic XOD activity and intestinal GLUT5 expression.In addition, neither allopurinol nor benzbromarone showed inhibitory effect on GLUT2 expression in intestine.Conclusions Allopurinol decreases serum level of uric acid in fructose-induced hyperuricemic rats.The mechanism is related to reducing XOD-mediated uric acid production in liver, and decreasing GLUT5-mediated fructose absorption in intestine.

OBJECTIVE: To optimize the supercritical CO2 extraction technology of volatile component from Tibet inual and Zingiber officianle. METHODS: The extraction technology was optimized by orthogonal experiment with the content of alantolactone and the yield of volatile oil as indexes while with extracting pressure, extracting temperature, extracting time and entrainer volume as factors. RESULTS: The optimal extraction technology was as follows: 225 mL entrainer was extracted at 40 ℃ with extracting pressure of 35 Mpa for 1 hour. CONCLUSION: The extraction technology is reasonable, practical and controllable for the industrial production.