This paper aims to establish a method for the determination of sulfur dioxide in sulfur fumigation Chinese herbs. Sample powder and hydrochloric acid solution were isolated by paraffin layer in order to avoid early reactions, with the generation of sulfur dioxide, headspace with airtight needle was used to transfer sulfur dioxide into gas chromatograph, and detected with thermal conductivity detector. The analytical performance was demonstrated by the analysis of 12 herbs, spiked at four concentration levels. In general, the recoveries ranging from 70% to 110%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) within 15%, were obtained. The limit of detection (LOD) was below 10 mg x kg(-1). Standard addition can be used for low recovery samples. The method is simple, less time-consuming, specific and sensitive. Methods comparison revealed that gas chromatography is better than traditional titration in terms of method operability, accuracy and specificity, showing good application value.
Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Fumigation ; Limit of Detection ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Sulfur ; chemistry ; Sulfur Dioxide ; analysis

To study the mechanism of liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and the therapeutic effects of the extract mixture of Dangyao (Swertia pseudochinensis Hara) and Shuifeiji (Silybum marianum Gaertn) on NAFLD rats with liver injury.

OBJECTIVETo investigates the surgical treatment for congenital anophthalmia.

METHODSThe operation was performed in two steps. At first, the orbit was enlarged and the tarsus was reconstructed with cartilage transplantation. At the second step, blepharoptosis was corrected with levator shortening or frontalis muscle suspension.

RESULTSFive cases have been treated successfully with this method and satisfactory results were obtained.

CONCLUSIONOrbit amplification and tarsus reconstruction along with ptosis correction is an effective treatment for anophthalmia both aesthetically and functionally.

Anophthalmos ; surgery ; Blepharoplasty ; Blepharoptosis ; congenital ; surgery ; Cartilage ; transplantation ; Facial Muscles ; surgery ; Humans ; Oculomotor Muscles ; surgery ; Orbit ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To explore the quality of life (QOL) and its influential factors among patients with 3 major rheumatic diseases. Methods A total of 216 patients with rheumatic diseases (84 patients with systemic lu- pus erythematosus, SLE, 83 with rheumatoid arthritis, RA, and 49 with ankylosing spondylitis, AS) were recruited. The information with regard to their quality of life, sociopsychological factors and the evaluation of disease activity were obtained by using the medical outcomes study short form-36 (SF-36) and clinic documents. Results Patients with rheumatic diseases scored significantly lower with each subscale of SF-36 as compared to those of a healthy popu- lation in China (P

Adult ; Aged ; Ankle ; blood supply ; Arteries ; Diabetic Foot ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Elbow ; blood supply ; Female ; Foot ; blood supply ; Humans ; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To analyze the risk of smoking on early diabetic foot patients.Methods One hundred and four early diabetic foot patients were involved in the study.According to cigarette smoking,patients were divided into the smoking group(n=45) and the no-smoking group(n=59).FBG,PBG2h,HbA_1c,TC,TG,HDL,LDL, BUN,Cr,CRP,ABI(ankle-branchial index)were examined.T-test and chi-square test were used to assess the risk of smoking on early diabetic foot patients.Results Compared with the no-smoking group,the smoking group were as- sociated with HDL and CRP.Chi-square-test demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the groups with smoking and no smoking on peripheral vascular disease in early diabetic foot patients.Conclusion Smoking re- mains significantly an independent risk of early diabetic foot patients.

Adult ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; complications ; surgery ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Talus ; injuries ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the intervention of Naoxintong and mecobalamin on electrophysiological changes in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) of different Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome types.

METHODSAccording to syndrome differentiation, 180 patients with DPN were classified as five syndrome types. And they were treated with Naoxintong (Group A), mecobalamin (Group B), and Naoxintong + mecobalamin (Group C). Four weeks was taken as one therapeutic course, and totally three courses. Their efficacies were assessed using clinical scoring, electrophysiological examinations, and ultrasonic examinations of the blood vessel inner diameter.

RESULTS(1) The motor nerve conduction velocity was obviously slowed down in the Gan-Shen deficiency syndrome (P<0.01). F-wave latency was obviously prolonged in the Gan-Shen deficiency syndrome and yang deficiency blood stasis syndrome (P<0.01). The skin sympathetic reflex latency was obviously prolonged in the qi deficiency blood stasis syndrome and phlegm stagnation collateral obstruction syndrome (P<0.01). (2) Statistical difference existed in the three groups of qi deficiency blood stasis syndrome (chi2 = 7.112, P<0.05) and Gan-Shen deficiency syndrome (chi2 =6.667, P<0.05). Of them, the total effective rate of qi deficiency blood stasis syndrome was 87.5% and the markedly effective rate 43.8% in Group A (P<0.05). The total effective rate of Gan-Shen deficiency syndrome was 100.0% and the markedly effective rate 50.0% in Group B (P<0.05). The total effective rate of qi deficiency blood stasis syndrome, yin deficiency blood stasis syndrome, phlegm stagnation collateral obstruction syndrome, yang deficiency blood stasis syndrome, and Gan-Shen deficiency syndrome was respectively 92.9%, 83.3%, 81.8%, 81.8%, and 75.0% in Group C. (3) Naoxintong and mecobalamin had some improvement of motor and sensory conduction of each CM syndrome type (P<0.05). Mecobalamin showed obvious effect on the skin sympathetic reflection (P<0.05). The nerve electrophysiological index of each syndrome types as well as the diameter of arteriae tibialis anterior could be improved in Group C (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSNaoxintong gained better effect in treatment of DPN patients of qi deficiency blood stasis syndrome by syndrome typing. Naoxintong combined with mecobalamin could be helpful for ameliorating DPN patients of each syndrome.

Adult ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Phytotherapy ; Vitamin B 12 ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use

This study is to establish an HPLC-DAD-ELSD method for simultaneous determination of 5 flavones and saponins in Rhizoma Anemarrhenae including neo-mangiferin, mangiferin, timosaponin B II, timosaponin B III and timosaponin A III. Samples were analyzed on a Merck Purospher STAR column(4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile( A) and 0. 1% formic acid (B) with gradient elution at a flow rate of 1.0 mL · min(-1). The column temperature was set at 40 °C. The DAD detector wavelength was set at 254 nm. The ELSD conditions were as follows: the nebulizing gas flow rate was 2.0 L · min(-1) and temperature of drift tube was 105 °C. The volume was 10 μL. The five compounds were well separated with good linear correlations. The mean recoveries were between 102.0%-104.0%. This method was quick and reliable which provides a foundation for quality control of R. Anemarrhenae.
Anemarrhena ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Flavones ; analysis ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Saponins ; analysis

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the application value of Toronto clinical scoring system (TCSS) and its grading of neuropathy for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and to explore the relationship between TCSS grading of neuropathy and the grading of diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: A total of 209 patients of Type 2 diabtes (T2DM) underwent TCSS. Taking electrophysiological examination as a gold standard for diagnosing DPN, We compared the results of TCSS score > or = 6 with electrophysiological examination, and tried to select the optimal cut-off points of TCSS. RESULTS: The corresponding accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of TCSS score > or = 6 were 76.6%, 77.2%, and 75.6%, respectively.The Youden index and Kappa were 0.53 and 0.52, which implied TCSS score > or = 6 had a moderate consistency with electrophysiological examination. There was a linear positive correlation between TCSS grading of neuropathy and the grading of diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy (P<0.05). The optimal cut-off point was 5 or 6 among these patients. CONCLUSION TCSS is reliable in diagnosing DPN and its grading of neuropathy has clinical value.
Adult ; Aged ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Diabetic Neuropathies ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Electrophysiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurologic Examination ; methods