Eight phenolic compounds were isolated from Rhododendron phaeochrysum var. agglutinatum and their sructures were identified as phaeochrysin (1), (2R)-4-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl) -2-butanol (2), (-) -rhododendrol (3), rhododendrin (4), (+) -isolariciresinol (5), (-) -lyoniresinol (6), lyoniresinol-9'-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (7), and dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl-3a-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (8). Compound 1 is new, and compounds 2, 5-8 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure ; Phenols ; chemistry ; Rhododendron ; chemistry

ObjectiveTo investigate the changes in liver function and the efficacy of either hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS) or open splenectomy (OS) in combination with pericardial devascularization in the treatment of portal hypertension. MethodsThe clinical data of 94 patients who received splenectomy combined with pericardial devascularization to treat portal hypertension due to cirrhosis from Jan 2002 to May 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. 56 patients received OS and 38patients HALS. The operating time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications, liver dysfunction and mortality were analyzed according to the Child's grading. ResultsThere was no difference in the operating time between HALS and OS (P＞0. 05). The intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complications were 5.6% and 10.8%, respectively (P＜0. 05). There was no significant difference in the serum ALT between HALS and OS, but there was a significant difference in the ALB (P＜0. 05). The AST also had a significant difference on postoperative day 5 (P＜0. 05). The serum ALT and AST were elevated after HALS, but there was a significant difference only for AST (P＜0.05). The serum ALT and AST in OS were significantly higher after than before operation (P＜0. 05). The serum ALB in OS was significantly lower after operation (P＜0.05), but it was significantly lower only on postoperative days 1 and 3 (P＜0.05) in HALS. ConclusionsCompared with OS, HALS combined with pericardial devascularization caused less damage to the intestinal tract and the liver function. It is a feasible and safe operation and it had fewer postoperative complications.

Objective To explore the clinical features of diabetic macular edema (DME) with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and correlation with visual function. Methods Forty-nine eyes from 40 patients with DME (DME group) and 31 eyes from 31 patients without DME (control group) were examined with OCT,pattern reversal visual evoked potentials (P-VEP),macular perimetry. According to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), 49 eyes with DME were divided into group A (without PDR, 30eyes) and group B (with PDR, 19 eyes). Results The retinal macular thickness of central fovea in DME group [(299.25±63.87)μm] was more than that in contol group [(204.35 ± 37.94)μm], visual acuity and macular visual field in DME group were significantly different than those in control group, respectively (P ＜ 0.05). The retinal macular thickness of central fovea,visual acuity and visual field were no significant differences between group A and group B (P＞0.05). OCT macular thickness and visual correlation coefficient was -0.437(P＜ 0.05 ); OCT macular thickness and mean defect correlation coefficient was 0.441(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions OCT can provide a useful tool for monitoring the occurrence and development of DME, can assess the response to treatment. With increasing of the macular retinal thickness, the visual acuity and macular visual field of visual function are more damaged.

Biotechnology supremacy is a newly-advanced power theory. It is a superior dominance of military biotechnological application based on the microcosm of life structure within a certain period of time. The advancement of biotechnology supremacy and modern biotechnology has created the concept of bio-micro-frontier, which involves information and defense resources of all living ultra-micro-organisms with national and regional characteristics. Being feasible both in theory and practice, the implementation of bio-micro-frontier system is strategically important. This article explores the implementation of bio-micro-frontier in terms of strategy and tactics, which will add a unique dimension to future military transformation and active defense.

Objective To investigate the morbidity,clinical feature,diagnosis and therapy of ovarian disease in children.Methods Eighty-two children with ovarian disease were admitted and treated in Nanjing children's hospital from Jan.1992 to Jan.2007,were analyzed retrospectively with age,emergency admissions or not,dwell,pathology and method of operation.Results The age of 82 patients ranged from 1 day to 14 years old and the mean age was 6.7 years old.Thirty-one cases(37.8%) were emergency admissions and 51 cases(62.2%) were routine admissions.Twenty-seven cases(32.9%) were rural patients and 55 cases(67.1%) were urban patients.Forty-five cases(54.8%) were nontumorous disorder,31 cases(37.8%) were benign tumor and only 6 cases(7.4%) were malignant tumor.About the morbidity,12 patients(14.6%)were admitted from 1992 to 1996,24 patients(29.5%) from 1997 to 2001 and 46 patients(55.9%) from 2002 to 2007.Chemotherapy were carried out in 6 cases with malignant tumor in internal medicine,2 cases with sexual precosity kept observation,the others were cured.Conclusions Ovarian disease can occur at any age in children.The clinical manifestation is characterized mainly by acute abdomen.The incidence of ovarian disease of children in urban areas is higher than that children in rural areas.The morbidity continues to show an upward tendency and the pathologic manifestations are mostly benign,laparoscopic operation has obviously superiority.

Objective To understand the clinical features of acute renal failure(ARF)as the initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Methods Eight cases of ARF in SLE from Jan 1995 to Apt 2006 were investigated,descriptive analysis and literature review were performed.Results①The symp- tom of ARF in SLE was mainly oliguria,with severe accompany symptoms and complications.②The level of leucocyte and hemoglobin was low in laboratory tests,also the complement level decreased significantly.The most frequent renal pathology was typeⅣ,Ⅳ+ⅤLN.③Large dose steroid and CTX were the mainstay of treatment.In addition,SCUF,CVVHDF and hemodialysis could be used for lethal conditions.Conclusion ARF can be the first manifestation of SLE and it usually represents more severe disease and more complica- tions.Large dose steroid and CTX can improve prognois.In cases refractory to steroid and if the effect is obso- lete,CTX treatment SCUF,CVVHDF and hemodialysis can be use.

OBJECTIVETo compare the clinical efficacy on upper limb motor impairment in stroke between the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture therapy and the traditional scalp acupuncture therapy.

METHODSThe randomized controlled trial and MINIMIZE layering randomization software were adopted. Seventy patients of upper limb with III to V grade in Brunnstrom scale after stroke were randomized into an interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture group and a traditional scalp acupuncture group, 35 cases in each one. In the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture group, the middle 2/5 of Dingnieqianxiexian (anterior oblique line of vertex-temporal), the middle 2/5 of Dingniehouxiexian (posterior oblique line of vertex-temporal) and Dingpangerxian (lateral line 2 of vertex) on the affected side were selected as the stimulation areas. Additionally, the rehabilitation training was applied during scalp acupuncture treatment. In the traditional scalp acupuncture group, the scalp stimulation areas were same as the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture group. But the rehabilitation training was applied separately. The rehabilitation training was applied in the morning and the scalp acupuncture was done in the afternoon. The results in Fugl-Meyer for the upper limb motor function (U-FMA), the Wolf motor function measure scale (WM- FT) and the modified Barthel index in the two groups were compared between the two groups before treatment and in 1 and 2 months of treatment, respectively.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the U-FMA score, WMFT score and the score of the modified Barthel index were all apparently improved as compared with those before treatment (all P < 0.01). The improvement in the U-FMA score after treatment in the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture group was better than that in the traditional scalp acupuncture group (P < 0.05). For the patients of IV to V grade in Brunnstrom scale, WMFT score in 2 months of treatment and the score of Barthel index after treatment in the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture group were improved apparently as compared with those in the traditional scalp acupuncture group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). But, for the patients of III grade in Brunnstrom scale, WMFT score and the score of Barthel index after treatment in the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture group were not different significantly as compared with those in the traditional scalp acupuncture group (both P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFor the patients of IV to V grade in Brunnstrom scale in stroke, the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture therapy achieves the superior improvements of the upper limb motor function and the activity of daily life as compared with the traditional scalp acupuncture therapy, and the longer the treatment lasts, the more apparent the improvements are. For the patients of III grade in Brunnstrom scale, the interactive dynamic scalp acupuncture therapy achieves the similar improvement in the upper limb motor impairment as compared with the traditional scalp acupuncture therapy.

Activities of Daily Living ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Therapy ; Scalp ; Stroke ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Stroke Rehabilitation ; Treatment Outcome ; Upper Extremity ; physiopathology

BACKGROUND: Several antibiotics can be used to treat ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (CRAB-VAP) including high-dose sulbactam. However, the effectiveness of high-dose sulbactam therapy is not well known. We report our experience with high-dose sulbactam for treatment of CRAB-VAP. METHODS: Medical records of patients with CRAB-VAP who were given high-dose sulbactam between May 2013 and June 2015 were reviewed. RESULTS: Fifty-eight patients with CRAB-VAP were treated with high-dose sulbactam. The mean age was 72.0 ± 15.2 years, and the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score was 15.1 ± 5.10 at the time of CRAB-VAP diagnosis. Early clinical improvement was observed in 65.5% of patients, and 30-day mortality was 29.3%. Early clinical failure (odds ratio [OR]: 8.720, confidence interval [CI]: 1.346-56.484; p = 0.023) and APACHE II score ≥ 14 at CRAB-VAP diagnosis (OR: 10.934, CI: 1.047-114.148; p = 0.046) were associated with 30-day mortality. CONCLUSIONS: High-dose sulbactam therapy may be effective for the treatment of CRAB-VAP. However, early clinical failure was observed in 35% of patients and was associated with poor outcome.
Acinetobacter baumannii* ; Acinetobacter* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; APACHE ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated* ; Sulbactam*

Lung cancer is one of the most common types of malignancy in western nations with serious health problem, and it has become the leading cause of cancer death of males, second only to stomach cancer, in Korea. A review of the histopathology of 1363 cases (1231 patients) of lung carcinoma, diagnosed at the Keimyung University Medical center from 1987 to 1996, was performed to reclassify the type of carcinomas and to investigate the change in the distribution of histologic types of lung carcinoma according to age, sex and year. Among the 1363 cases, 132 patients underwent a surgical operation after biopsy. The diagnosis of each case was proven by histopathologic analysis of surgical specimens (13.2%) and biopsy materials (86.8%). The histologic types in our study were basically based on modified WHO classification (1982) and on new WHO classification (1999). The classification of small cell carcinoma was based on International Association for the Small Cell Lung Cancer (IASLC, 1988). Of the 1231 patients with lung carcinoma, 1012 were male and 219 were female (male to female ratio was 3.6:1). According to the analysis of age distribution, the most prevalent age group was 60~69 years in both sex as (n=516, 42.0%). Changing trends in sex distribution of lung carcinoma patients showed that the proportion of men had decreased throughout the years, whereas the proportion of women had significantly increased. Histologically, squamous cell carcinoma was the most common (n=624, 50.7%), followed by small cell carcinoma (21.1%), adenocarcinoma (18.1%), large cell undifferentiated carcinoma (2.1%), adenosquamous carcinoma (0.4%), and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (0.4%), in order of frequency. In men, squamous cell carcinoma was the most frequent type (55.1%). In women, adenocarcinoma was the most frequent type (39.7%). In both sexes, adenocarcinoma was the most common type in patients under the age of 40 (n=12, 41.4%), while squamous cell carcinoma proved the most frequent type in patients over the age of 40 (n=617, 51.3%). Changing trends of histologic types of lung cancer showed that the incidences of squamous cell carcinoma had significantly decreased throughout the years, whereas those of adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma had increased. In conclusion, the results showing increases in the percentage of female patients and in the number of cases of adenocarcinoma were noteworthy, and well correlated with other related reports.
Academic Medical Centers ; Adenocarcinoma ; Age Distribution ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma ; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung* ; Male ; Sex Distribution ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma ; Stomach Neoplasms

Iridoid glycosides were the main active ingredient of Rehmannia glutinosa, of which catalpol has the highest content. This work will provide theoretical basis for metabolic study and cultivation of iridoids on the basis of the dynamic accumulation of catalpol and total iridoids in the growth of R. glutinosa. The samples of rehmannia 85-5 were gathered in the same filed from July to October. The contents of catalpol and total iridoid glycosides were measured by HPLC and specteophotometric, respectively. The results showed that youngest leaves had the higher content of catalpol and total iridoid glyosides than that of the other two leaf ages in the same growth stage from July to September, while their content of catalpol and total iridoid glycosides were all decreased as the growth of leaves of R. glutinosa. The content of catalpol didn't differ significantly from July to September, whereas it has significantly increased in October in the three leaf stage. In the same stage, the wider the root diameter is, the higher content of the effective components are. In August and September, the total iridoid glycosides have the fastest accumulation. The content of catalpol was increased as the accumulation of total iridoid glycosides.
Iridoid Glucosides ; metabolism ; Iridoids ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; metabolism ; Rehmannia ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Seasons ; Water ; metabolism