Adult ; Coal Mining ; Humans ; Male ; Pneumoconiosis ; classification ; diagnostic imaging ; Radiography ; Reference Standards

Minimally invasive approach points toward one of the directions of the development of surgery in the new century.Based on endoscopy,laparoscopy and interventional technique,minimally invasive techniques have been more and more widely applied to abdominal surgery.Some have already replaced conventional open surgery and become the first option for the treatment of some diseases.Nevertheless,some problems and mistaken ideas do exist in the development of minimally invasive techniques,which call for our attention and proper solution.Combined use of different minimally invasive techniques represents the trend of the development of minimally invasive surgery,while virtual reality techniques,robotic techniques and remote minimally invasive techniques will be playing a leading role in the future.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate therapeutic efficacy and recurrence rate of vaginal administration of lactobacillus com-bined with chlorquinaldol-promestriene for senile patients with atrophic vaginitis. METHODS:150 senile patients with atrophic vag-initis were selected and divided into group A,B,C according to random number table,with 50 cases in each group. Group A was given Lactobacillus vaginal capsules,2 capsules,qd (at bedtime);group B given Chlorquinaldol-promestriene vaginal tablets,1 tablet,qd(at bedtime);group C given Chlorquinaldol-promestriene vaginal tablets,1 tablet,qd(at bedtime),and Lactobacillus vaginal capsules,2 capsules,qd,next morning,implanting into vagina. 3 groups received treatment for 18 d. Clinical efficacy, vaginal health score,vaginal symptom score and vaginal pH value were observed in 3 groups,and the occurrence of ADR and re-currence rate during follow-up period (12 months) were recorded. RESULTS:The total effective rate of group C was 94.00%, which was significantly higher than group A(72.00%)and B(74.00%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). Before treatment, there was no statistical significance in vaginal health score,vaginal symptom score and vaginal pH value among 3 groups (P>0.05). After treatment,vaginal health score of 3 groups were increased significantly,while vaginal symptom score and vaginal pH value were decreased significantly;and the improvement of above indexes in group C were significantly better than in group A and B,with statistical significance(P<0.05). No obvious ADR was found in 3 groups during treatment. The recurrence rate of group C during follow-up period(4.00%)was significantly lower than that of group A(18.00%)and group B(20.00%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Vaginal administration of lactobacillus combined with chlorquinaldol-promestriene for se-nile patients with atrophic vaginitis can effectively relieve clinical symptoms and signs,improve vaginal cleanliness,regulate the lo-cal pH value and reduce the risk of recurrence,with good safety.

Objective To observe the effect of T cell subset in the children patients with community acquired pneumonia. Methods A total of 36 patients with community acquired pneumonia were enrolled and they were divided into 2 groups according to pathogen, bacterial infection group, and non-bacterial infection group. And in another way they were divided into severe cases group and non-severe cases group. Indexes of T lymphocyte subset CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+and activity of natural killer (NK) cell were detected in all patients by flow cytometry and compared. Results The levels of CD3+, CD4 +, CD8 +, CD19 + and NK cell had no significant difference between bacterial infection group and non-bacterial infection group (P>0.05). The levels of CD3+, CD4+and CD19+had no significant difference between severe cases group and non-severe cases group (P>0.05). But the level of CD8+ in severe cases group was significantly higher than that in non-severe cases group:(28.4 ± 7.8)%vs. (14.4 ± 3.5)%, P<0.01. The level of NK cell in severe cases group was significantly lower than that in non-severe cases group: (7.3 ± 2.1)%vs. (16.6 ± 5.4)%, P<0.01. Conclusions The children patients with community acquired pneumonia patients may develop into severe pneumonia with high percent of CD8+or low activity of NK cell. So they should be given immune intervention as soon as possible.

OBJECTIVE:To analyze the factors in the causation of cefradine-induced hematuria.METHODS:The material in CHINESE BIBLIOGRAPHIC DATA BASE OF BIOLOGY & MEDICINE(from 1980 to February 2001)and PHARMACEUTICAL ABSTRACTS(1990～2000)was reviewed and the data were analysed on patients'age and sex,route of drug administration,beginning of hematuria,prognosis and time of recovery.RESULTS:18 reports on cefradine-induced hematuria(108 cases) were found,which indicated that hematuria was mainly associated with renal hypoplasia in childhood and intravenous administration of cefradine.CONCLUSION:Intravenous administration of cefradine in children should be very careful.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Enalapril folic acid tablet combined with Shenkang injec-tion in the treatment of hypertensive nephropathy. METHODS:90 patients with hypertensive nephropathy were randomly divided in-to control group and observation group. All patients were given anti-infection,regulating electrolyte balance,supplying amino acids and other conventional treatment. Based on it,control group was orally given Maleic acid enalaprilat folic acid tablet 1 tablet in the morning,once a day;observation group was additionally given 100 ml Shenkang injection adding into 300 ml 10% Glucose injec-tion by intravenous infusion,20-30 drops/min,once a day. The treatment course for both groups was 4 weeks. The clinical effica-cy,and clearance rate of creatinine(Ccr),serum creatinine (Scr),morning urine test urine protein (Up)/urine creatinine (Ucr), serum malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)before and after treatment and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RESULTS:The total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). After treatment,the Ccr,SOD and T-AOC in 2 groups were significantly higher than before,and observation group was higher than control group,Scr and MDA were significant-ly lower than before,and observation group was lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Morning urine test Up/Ucr,systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower than before,and the differ-ences were statistically significant(P<0.05),however,there was no significant difference between 2 groups(P>0.05). And there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Based on the conventional treat-ment,Enalapril folic acid tablet combined with Shenkang injection has better efficacy than only Enalapril folic acid tablet in the treatment of hypertensive nephropathy,with similar safety.

Objective To observe the treatment of continuous passive motion ( CPM) on lower motor function in pa-tients with stroke.Methods 60 patients were evenly randomized into control group and treatment group .The control group received conventional rehabilitation treatment , while the treatment group received conventional rehabilitation and CPM therapy .They were assessed with modified Ashworth scale ( MAS) ,Fugl-Meyer assessment ( FMA) ( lower limb,hip,knee and ankle) and 10-meter walking time.Results After treatment,the scores of MAS,FMA and 10-meter walking time were both improved when compared with those before treatment (P<0.05),and between the two groups ,the scores of MAS , FMA and 10-meter walking time were much better in the treatment group with signifi-cant difference ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion CPM can alleviate muscle spasms ,and enhance the muscle group coordi-nation on foot .Furthermore,CPM can contribute to the balance and lower limb motor function , and strengthen gait of patients with stroke .

Objective: To study the effect of selective portal vein embolizationon (SPVE) on the second-stage hepatectomy rate in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Methods: Eighteen patients with HCC who were not suitable for hepatectomy were treated by ultrasonic guided percutaneous transhepatic SPVE with fine needles. Success rate of SPVE, adverse reactions, successive change of the volume of each liver lobe, and hepatectomy rate after treatment were observed. Results: SPVE were successfully performed in all 18 patients. In patients with right portal vein branch embolized, the right liver volume decreased while left liver volume increased gradually. The rate of right lobe volume to total liver volume decreased from 62.9 % before SPVE to 60.6 % after l week, 57.5 % after 2 weeks and 53.0 % after 3 weeks. The adverse reactions included different degrees of pain in liver area (12 cases), lower fever (7 cases), nausea and vomiting (4 cases). After 2-4 weeks, second-stage hepatectomy for HCC were successfully performed in l0 patients (55.6 %). Conclusion: Ultrasonic guided percutaneous transhepatic SPVE is simple and effective. It can elevate the two-step hepatectomy rate of HCC and increase the safety of the operation.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and character of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in patients with histories of multiple upper abdominal surgeries(≥2 ). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the results of 21 LC operations in patients who had previously accepted two or three upper abdominal surgeries . Results: LC were successfully performed in 13 of all the patients (61.9%). The success rate of LC in patients with 2 upper abdominal surgeries was 66.7%. It was only 33.3% in patients with 3 upper abdominal surgeries. Eight of the patients (38.1%) were transformed to open cholecystectomies. The mean operation time was 72.1 minutes. The transform rate was higher, and the mean operation time was longer than those without previous upper abdominal surgery at the same period in our department. Conclusion: History of multiple upper abdominal surgeries should not be regarded as the contraindication to laparoscopic cholecystectomy. But these operations were difficult with higher transform rate and longer operation time.

The authors,in this paper,has briefly looked back the developmental history of human parasitology,which,as an independent discipline,was established in late 19th century and early 20th century.In the process,it underwent an early height of development,then met with setback and relative decline.Since 70s-80s of last century,the introduction and application of new theory of modern biology,especially advanced biotechniques to parasitology has led to a striking development in many fields of the discipline,leading to deeper understanding of parasite-host interplay as well as providing new ideals and tools for disease control.The authors also stressed that nowadays the discipline is still relatively isolated from the mainstream of modern biologic research and is still neglected by scientific community and medical education in the world,though it still is one of the major problems in public health,particularly in developing world including China.To argue the currently neglected situation of parasitology,especially in medical education,the authors emphasized the continuing requirements for the discipline and reflected on the developmental strategy of parasitology to meet the coming challenges and opportunities for further development.