Vascular endothelial growth factor,hypoxia inducible factor,interleukin,angiopoietin-like protein,integrin and epithelial mesenchymal transition can provide nutritional support and favorable environment for the growth,invasion and metastasis of cancer cells.Researches about mechanisms of the angiogenesis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma may provide more ideas and potential targets for the anti-angiogenesis targeted therapy.

Introduced in this paper are the current situation of biobank in China in the context of precision medicine.As a vital platform of precision medicine,biobank constitutes a resource support for this plan.Establishing high quality biobank has important implications for the implement of precision medicine in China.This paper focused on the problems existing in biobank development in the context of precision medicine and put forward corresponding countermeasures as well as suggestions.

Objective:To evaluate the new scoring system for gastric cancer screening and risk assessment of gastric precancerous lesions.Methods:A total of 442 patients who underwent endoscopy due to stomach discomfort at the First Hospital of Jiaxing from March 2018 to September 2019 were enrolled. The patients were divided into three groups based on the new scoring system for gastric cancer screening before endoscopy: low-risk group (0-11 points), median-risk group (12-16 points) and high-risk group (17-23 points). The detection rates of gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis in three groups were analyzed. According to the range or degree of atrophy or intestinal metaplasia, patients were divided into five groups of stage 0 to Ⅳ based on the operative link for gastritis assessment (OLGA) or operative link for gastritis intestinal metaplasia (OLGIM). The correlation between the new gastric cancer screening scoring system and OLGA or OLGIM staging system were evaluated.Results:Among 442 patients, 211 were assigned to low-risk group, 207 median-risk group and 24 high-risk group according to the new scoring system. For OLGA staging system, there were 241 cases of stage-0, 105 of stage-Ⅰ, 58 stage-Ⅱ, 27 stage-Ⅲ and 11 stage-Ⅳ. For OLGIM staging system, there were 224 cases of stage-0, 113 stage-Ⅰ, 61 stage-Ⅱ, 31 stage-Ⅲ and 13 stage-Ⅳ. The pepsinogen (PG) Ⅰ and pepsinogen ratio (PGR) levels had differences among different OLGA stages ( F=2.844, P=0.027; F=5.435, P=0.001), and these two variables at Stage-Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly lower than three other OLGA stages (all P<0.001). The PGR level had differences among different OLGIM stages ( F=3.887, P=0.008), which was significantly lower at Stage-Ⅳ than at other OLGIM stages (all P<0.001). Gamma coefficient analysis and Kendall′s tau-b analysis showed significant correlations between OLGA/OLGIM staging system and new gastric cancer screening scoring system ( P<0.001). Conclusion:The new scoring system is reliable for gastric cancer screening, and is closely linked with OLGA/OLGIM staging system in the risk assessment of gastric precancerous lesions.

Animals ; Dentate Gyrus ; Hippocampus ; Rats ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta ; Sleep ; Spatial Learning

Objective:To compare the value of new gastric cancer screening scoring system and serum pepsinogen (PG) combined with gastrin-17 (G-17) (new ABC method) in screening gastric cancer and precancerous lesions.Methods:A total of 576 patients were enrolled after the examination of endoscopy at Endoscopy Center,Department of Gastroenterology,from December 2017 to December 2019. There were 275 males and 301 females with an age of 40-72 (52±10) years. According to the new ABC method and the new gastric cancer screening scoring system, the population was divided into three groups according to age,gender,serum helicobacter pylori antibody test, PG Ⅰ/PG Ⅱ(PGR) and G-17 before endoscopy. The detection rates of gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis by two different methods were analyzed and the value in screening gastric cancer and precancerous lesions were evaluated. Statistical analysis was accomplished by Chi-square test and Gamma coefficient analysis. Results:A total of 576 patients were enrolled. According to the new ABC method, 382 patients were classified into low-risk group, 170 patients into middle-risk group and 24 patients into high-risk group, respectively. In the new ABC method, 1 case of gastric cancer (0.3%) was detected in low-risk group, 8 cases (4.7%) in middle-risk group and 3 cases (12.5%) in high-risk group. As for atrophic gastritis, 89 cases (23.3%) was detected in low-risk group, 94 cases (55.3%) in middle-risk group and 18 cases (75.0%) in high-risk group. According to the new gastric cancer screening scoring system, 336 patients were classified into low-risk group, 205 patients into middle-risk group and 35 patients into high-risk group, respectively. One case of gastric cancer (0.3%) was detected in low-risk group, 6 cases (2.9%) in middle-risk group and 5 cases (14.3%) in high-risk group. As for atrophic gastritis, 41 cases (12.2%) were detected in low-risk group, 134 cases (65.4%) in middle-risk group and 26 cases (74.3%) in high-risk group. In this two methods, the prevalence of gastric cancer increased according to the disease stage ( χ2 =22.509, P<0.01; χ2=24.156, P<0.01); in terms of atrophic gastritis, the detection rate of the new screening scoring system in the low-risk group was significantly lower than that in the new ABC method ( χ2=14.844, P<0.01), but higher in the middle-risk group ( χ2=3.955, P=0.047). Gamma coefficient test showed that there were strong correlations between gastroscopy pathology and classification grade of both methods ( P<0.01). Conclusions:Both methods are suitable for screening gastric cancer and precancerous lesions, and the new scoring system may be more valuable in screening gastric cancer and precancerous lesions.

Brown-Sequard Syndrome ; etiology ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; complications ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To explore the prophylactic effect of methylprednisolone combined with granisetron on postoperative nausea and vomiting.Methods Two hundred patients scheduled for lumpectomy of breast were randomly divided into four groups with 50 cases each.The patients in group M1 received a pre-anesthesia intravenous doses of methylprednisolone 25 mg,the patients in group M2 were injected methylpredsisolone 25 mg repeatedly four hours later,in group D received a pre-anesthesia doses of dexamethasone 5 mg,in group N normal saline 2 ml.All the four groups of patients received granisetron 3 mg intravenously at the end of surgery.The incidence of nausea and vomiting in the 24 hours were observed.Results The PONV incidences of group M1,M2,D,N were 36%,18%,38% and 58%.Both group M1,M2 and D significantly decreased the total inci-dence of PONV (P <0.05)in the 24 h.The incidence of PONV was significantly lower in group M2, compared with group M1 and group D respectively (P <0.05).Conclusion Methylprednisolone-gran-isetron combination is as equally effective as dexamethasone-granisetron combination for preventing PONV in lumpectomy,but repeated methylprednisolone after 4 h is more effective than dexametha-sone and single-used methylprednisolone.

Allergic diseases such as allergic asthma, allergic der-matitis, allergic rhinitis, are polygenic diseases, involving the interaction between the environment, genes and immunity. In the past few decades, the incidence rate of allergic diseases in-creased predominantly and influenced the quality of people's lives seriously, so looking for new targets for the prevention and treat-ment of allergic diseases and drugs with less adverse reaction be-comes a hot topic for researchers. MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of endogenous non-coding small RNAs that mediate nega-tively posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression by targe-ting specific mRNA sequences to inhibit the translation of mR-NAs. They are widely involved in the biological processes of cell differentiation, immune response and tumor development. The study shows that miRNAs can control the occurrence and devel-opment of allergic diseases. Studying the regulatory role of miR-NAs in allergic diseases has important implications for exploring the immunopathological mechanisms and discovering new thera-peutic targets of drugs.

Objective To analyze the discrepancy and similarities of clinical characteristics in elderly patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and ischemic colitis (IC).Methods A total of 43 elderly patients (age≥60 yrs) with UC and 36 elderly patients with IC were enrolled from 2004 to 2015 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital.The clinical characteristics were retrospectively analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results Compared with IC group,the disease course was longer with lower incidence of cardiovascular comorbidities in UC patients (P ＜ 0.05).In UC group,more patients presented with diarrhea,mucopurulent bloody stool [39 (90.7％) vs 16 (44.4％) and 34 (79.1％) vs 2 (5.6％)respectively,both P ＜ 0.01].Yet bloody stool as the only symptom was seen in more IC patients than UC patients [61.1％ (22/36) vs 7.0％ (3/43),P ＜ 0.01].The ratio of extra-intestinal manifestations was higher [18.6％ (8/43) vs 0 (0/36)] in UC patients,while complications were lower [11.6％ (5/43) vs 30.6％ (11/36),P ＜ 0.05].As to the laboratory parameters,median platelet count [(294.38 ± 104.83) × 109/L vs (235.47±94.82) × 109/L,P ＜0.05] was higher in UC group.In addition,more patients with UC had positive perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (p-ANCA) [50.0％ (15/30) vs 10.0％ (2/20),P ＜ 0.05].The most commonly involved regions of IC were descending colon and sigmoid colon,in which the lesions were clearly demarcated with the normal mucosa.Lesions in patients with UC mainly originated from rectum and might spread to the whole colon.Vascular occlusion and micro thrombosis were characteristic pathological findings of IC.The crypt abscesses were frequently seen in the UC group.Conclusion Even though UC and IC have some similar manifestations in the elderly patients,clinical and pathological discrepancy is still helpful to differentiate each other.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Spyglass single-operator cholangioscopy-guided laser lithotripsy for removing difficult bile duct stones.Methods A total of 39 patients with difficult bile duct stones were divided into Spyglass single-operator cholangioscopy-guided group (n =20) and fluoroscopy guided group (n =19) to receive corresponding treatments.The success rates of complete stone removal and the complication rates related to the procedure were compared between the two groups.Results There was no significant difference in success rate of complete stone removal between Spyglass single-operator cholangioscopy-guided group(17/20, 85.0％) and the fluoroscopy guided group(16/19, 84.2％ ,P =0.661) or in rates of procedure related complication (acute pancreatitis P =0.695, infection of bile duct P =1.000).Conclusion Both Spyglass single-operator cholangioscopy-guided laser lithotripsy and fluoroscopy are safe and effective.