Objective To investigate the relationship of cardiac function and ventricular structure with the training intensity and the periods lived in Tibet.Methods Sixty recruits to Tibet were selected and examined of their cardiac function,cardiac ventricular structure and the changes of elctrophysiology by color Doppler echocardiography and electro cardiogram.They were examined continuously in two years.After their training for three months together,they were divided into the different training intensity groups,Group A and Group B.The 30 recruits in Group A had high-intensity training,and the others in Group B had normal training.Results After three months,their cardiac function and ventricular structure had obvious difference in comparison with the level on plain( P 0.05 ).But there were obvious differences between in Tibet and on plain in the parameters of cardiac function and ventricular structure two years later( P 0.05 ).Conclusions Hypoxia can effect the cardiac function and ventricular structure directly.After three months in Tibet,cardiac function can fit the condition of hypoxia.The parameters of cardiac function are still less than those on plain.The right ventricules are bigger and the pulmonary arteries wider as the main character of the ventricular structure changes.The indexes of cardiac function showed no significant difference with the training intensity and the periods in Tibet.

Child ; Humans ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; urine ; Proteinuria ; urine ; Severity of Illness Index

Humans ; Malocclusion ; therapy ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To measure and analyze the corneal biological parameters of Tibetan junior middle school students who have lived in Mozhugongka County of Lhasa city for a long time.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed.The basic information including gender, age and grade of 1 784 Tibetan junior high school students who have lived in Mozhugongka County of Lhasa city for a long time was collected, and the corneal biological parameters were measured in May, 2020.The available data of 690 students were obtained in this study.Unilateral eye of each subject was randomly selected for statistical analysis using computer random number method.Three hundred and forty-five right eyes and 345 left eyes from 366 males and 324 females were included.There were 461 eyes from students aged 12 to 15 years, and 229 eyes from students aged 16 to 20 years.Sirius 3D corneal topography and anterior segment analysis system were used to measure the thinnest corneal thickness (TCT), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), iridocorneal corneal angle, simulated K1 and simulated K2, thinnest point position.Histogram and Q-Q chart were used to assess the distribution of continuous variables except the thinnest point position of cornea.The differences in biological parameters were compared between males and females, 12-15 years group and 16-20 years group as well as right eyes and left eyes.The literature of corneal biological parameters from other ethnic group was reviewed and compared with the Tibetan subjects.This study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by an Ethics Committee of Tibet Hospital (No.QZYY2019-IRBPJ-21).Results:The ACD of the right eye of the students was (3.31±0.27)mm, which was significantly greater than (3.26±0.26)mm of the left eye ( t=0.745, P=0.012). Mean TCT, CCT, iridocorneal angle, simulated K1 and simulated K2 were (504.99±30.73)μm, (509.10±35.82)μm, (47.45±5.70)°, (43.15±1.89)D, and (44.16±2.29)D of the right eye, and thoes of the left eyes were (503.34±29.22)μm, (508.36±28.75)μm, (47.86±5.88)°, (43.06±1.40)D and (44.16±1.53)D, respectively, with no significant differences between the right and left eyes (all at P>0.05). The ACD and iridocorneal angle were significantly greater, and the simulated K1 and simulated K2 were significantly smaller in males compared with females (all at P<0.05). There were no significant differences in TCT and CCT between males and females (both at P>0.05). The corneal biological parameters were not signficantly different between different age groups (all at P>0.05). The thinnest point of cornea distributed mainly at inferior temporal quadrant zone for the right eyes, and superior temporal quadrant zone for the left eyes. Conclusions:Corneal biological parameters of Tibetan junior high school students in high altitude areas might be different from those of other ethnic students.Ophthalmologists should pay attention to this population in diagnosis and treatment of corneal diseases and refractive error.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the occurrence and associated factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in rescuers and firefighters.

METHODSThe PTSD of 264 rescuers and firefighters who had participated in rescue was evaluated using the self-designed fireman general situation questionnaire and PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C). The factors associated with the occurrence of PTSD were also analyzed.

RESULTSThe incidence rate of PTSD in the subjects was 8.3%. The PTSD rate of special service corps (12%) was significantly higher than that of other subjects (P<0.05). The incidence of PTSD was highest in the rescuers and firefighters above the third rank, but without significant differences (P>0.05). The PTSD rate of married rescuers and firefighters was significantly higher than that of unmarried subjects (P<0.05). The PTSD rate of subjects addicted to drinking was significantly higher than that of non-drinking subjects (P<0.05). Subjects with more frequent attendance were more susceptible to PTSD compared with those with less attendance.

CONCLUSIONThe incidence rate of PTSD is high in rescuers and firefighters who have attended rescues. It is necessary to implement both short-term and long-term counseling programs for stress management and intervention in order to reduce the psychological trauma after rescue and improve the mental health of rescuers and firefighters.

Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; adverse effects ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Pacemaker, Artificial ; Subclavian Artery ; surgery

Esophagus ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Phytotherapy

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Health ; Pneumoconiosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective: To establish an HPLC-MS method for the simultaneous quantitation of neomangiferin, mangiferin, timosaponin E1, timosaponin BII, timosaponin BIII, anemarrhenasaponin I, timosaponin AIII, and timosaponin AII in Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, and to analyze the content change before and after salt processing. Methods: Chromatography was performed on Agilent SB-C18 (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) column by gradient elution using 0.05% formic acid in water (A)-acetonitrile (B) at the flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. The column temperature was kept at 30 ℃ and the inject volume was 10 μL. HPLC-MS was used for quantification in negative ion mode under ESI. Results: The eight components had good linearity (r ≥ 0.9997) within the linear range. The average recovery rate was 97.55%-103.01% with RSD < 2.80%. The contents of the eight components in Anemarrhenae Rhizoma varied according to the different habits. The contents of mangiferin, timosaponin BII, and timosaponin AIII were high. After salt processing, contents of timosaponin E1, timosaponin BII, and anemarrhenasaponin I were reduced, content of timosaponin BIII was increased and contents of neomangiferin, mangiferin, timosaponin AIII, and timosaponin AII had no obvious changes. Conclusion: The changes of components in Anemarrhenae Rhizoma before and after salt processing are proved by the method of HPLC-MS which is simple, sensitive, and accurate.