Objective: To identify the chemical constituents in Akebiae Fructus by UFLC-Q-TOF/MS method. Methods: The separation was performed on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 Column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm), with a mobile phase using 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile and water containing 0.1% formic acid (B) for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.3 mL/min, the temperature of column was 40°C with injection volume of 1 μL. TOF/MS and electrospray ion (ESI) source were applied for the qualitative analysis under the negative ion mode, and the full mass scan range was m/z 100-1500. Results: According to MS principle, twenty-five triterpenoids were identified from the methanol extract of Akebiae Fructus and the chemical structures of other nine unknown compounds were deduced. Conclusion: UFLC-Q-TOF/MS method could identify the main chemical constituents in Akebiae Fructus rapidly and accurately, which lays a foundation for the quality control of Akebiae Fructus.

Recent studies show that autophagy ont only plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis in cells,but also palys a double role in the tumorigenesis and development of cancer.Studying the molecular mechanisms of autophagy and the relationship between autophagy and cancer have great significance for cancer treatment and prevention.

Objective To investigate the intervention effect of Qingxin-Ⅱ Recipe on myocardial cell apoptosis and its fibrosis in viral myocarditis mice and its mechanism.Methods A total of 120 Balb/c mice were randomly divided into the model group (n=50),the treatment group (n=50) and the control group (n =20).Mice in the model and treatment groups were given intraperitoneal injection of CVB3 to establish the experimental model of viral myocarditis.The control and model groups were treated with normal saline and water by intragastric administration respectively and the treatment group was given Qingxin-Ⅱ Recipe.The expression level of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB),tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),collagen type Ⅰ-A1 (COL1-A1),collagen type Ⅲ-A1 (COL3-A1),matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9),tissue inhibitor of metallproteinase-1 (TIMP-1),myocardial interstitial collagen volume fraction (CVF) and apoptosis rate (Rapo) were assessed after treatment.Results The levels of NF-κB,TNF-α,IL-1 in cardiomyocytes,serum levels of COL1-A1,MMP-9,TIMP-1,the mRNA expression levels of COL1-A1,COL3-A1,MMP-9,TIMP-1 in cardiomyocytes,CVF and Rapo were lower in the treatment and control groups than in the model group (F=21.541,12.146,32.583,4.212,6.863,4.868,9.089,8.662,7.307,6.646,4.324,41.237,respectively,all P＜0.05).No significant differences in the levels of NF-κB,TNF-α,IL-1 of cardiomyocytes,in serum levels of COL1-A1,TIMP-1 and in mRNA expression levels of COL1-A1,COL3-A1,MMP-9,TIMP-1 of cardiomyocytes between the control group and the treatment group (all P＞0.05) were found,but serum MMP-9 level was higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P =0.033).Conclusions Qingxin-Ⅱ Recipe can effectively reduce inflammatory cytokines levels,protect myocardial cells from inflammatory damages and inhibit myocardial fibrosis in viral myocarditis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of 8-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the cell proliferation, apoptosis and collagen secretion in keloid fibroblasts and to provide the theoretical base for ALA-PDT treatment of keloids.

METHODSFibroblasts from keloid patients were cultured to the third generation in vitro and incubated in 0, 1, 3, 6, 9 mmol/L of δ-aminolevulinic acid for 3 h in the darkness. Then they were exposed to 635 nm wavelength red light ( 30 J/cm2 ) and continued incubation 24 h after irradiation. CCK-8 assay was used to detect proliferation inhibition rate of fibroblasts. The content of hydroxyproline was measured by colorimetric method. The expression of p-Akt and programmed cell death 4 ( PDCD4) were detected by Western blot.

RESULTSThe inhibition rate of keloid fibroblasts were respectively 0, (8.30 ± 1.01)%, (29.48 ± 3.27)%, (52.01 ± 5.34)%, (79.99 ± 5.85)% with the presence of difference concentrations (0, 1, 3, 6, 9 mmol/L) of ALA. The content of hydroxyproline were respectively (9.540 0 ± 0.352 42), (6.242 5 ± 0.224 85 ), (5.107 5 ± 0.534 88), (3.490 0 ± 0.623 48), (2.945 0 ± 0.514 10) μg/mg. The relative expression of p-Akt were respectively 1, 0.75 ± 0.12, 0.52 ± 0.14, 0.41 ± 0.18, 0.32 ± 0.09. The relative expression of PDCD4 were respectively 1, 1.18 ± 0.19, 1.51 ± 0.22, 0.15 ± 0.30, 2.44 ± 0.22. The difference was statistically significant when compared the group of 1, 3, 6, 9 mmol/L with 0 mmol/L (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSIn concentration within the range of 1-9 mmol/L, ALA could inhibit the proliferation of fibroblasts significantly, promote fibroblasts apoptosis and reduce the content of hydroxyproline in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that 8-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy may be a potential treatment for keloid.

Aminolevulinic Acid ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Collagen ; secretion ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; secretion ; Humans ; Keloid ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Light ; Photochemotherapy ; methods ; Photosensitizing Agents ; pharmacology

Objective: Analyze the impact of NCMS(new cooperative medical scheme) on rural medical institutions,and give suggestions for the sustainable development of medical institutions and the NCMS.Methods: Collect and analyze the efficiency and the account materials of the county-level healthcare departments and the town-level health centers of Zhen'an County in 2003 and 2006.Results: The implementation of NCMS produced an effect on the increase of the outpatient medical service;the service quality of the county-level medical institutions and the town-level health centers needs to be enhanced in spite of the increase of in-patient medical service;the medical institutions' income increased,and the medical service fees increased rapidly;the expenditure per person and time rose sharply.Conclusions: Management mechanism of NCMS should be further developed,construction and supervision of the county-level medical sectors and the town-level health centers,especially supervision of the quality of medical sectors be enhanced;the payment system be changed to control the growth rate of medical expenses.

Objective To evaluate the effect of endovascular embolotherapy treatment of carotid cavernous fistulas(CCF) via superior ophthalmic vein(SOV).Methods From June 1996 to June 2006,a total of 32 patients(16 female) with complex CCF underwent endovascular embolotherapy treatment through the SOV.All of the patients visited doctor due to ocular signs and symptoms.Nine patients with direct CCF had previously undergone partial arterial balloons embolotherapy.The other 23 patients were hard mater CCF,and of which 3 had underwent NBCA,embolotherapy with line section or PVA particle.In the angiographic suite all patients underwent general anesthesia,SOV was catheterized through the eyebrow incision.Cavernous sinus was packed with free coils,detachable coils or balloons and NBCA.Results Complete embolism of the arteriovenous shunt was achieved in 81.3%(26/32).A minor residual shunt(without cortical or ocular drainage) remained in 12.5%(4/32).Only SOV was occluded in 6.2%(2/32).All patients were clinical improvement without complications.No death and permanent disability occurred.No recurrence was observed during follow-up of mean time of 3.5 years in 22 outpatients.Conclusion The operative approach to SOV is straightforward and several kind of embolic materials can be used to embolize the cavernous sinus.Endovascular occlusion of cavernous sinus through the SOV is an efficient and safe treatment in CCF.

Objective To explore the effect of low calorie metabolism on the survival of HeLa cells exposed to X-rays,and the influence of starvation on the antioxidative factors in the blood of rats after irradiation.Methods MTT method was used to evaluate the impact of different concentration glucose on the proliferation of HeLa cells.Colony formation assay was employed to detect the influence of glucose ( 1,5,10 and 25 mmol/L) on radiosensitivity of HeLa cells. Flow cytometry assay was used to analyze distribution of cell cycle and apoptosis.60 male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups with 10 rats each.Rats in every two groups were fed ad libitum,fasted for 24 h and fasted for 48 h,respectively.Rats in one group of each approach were respectively exposed to whole-body X-rays at 11 Gy. At 2 h after irradiation,all of rats were sacrificed and their venous blood was collected.Elisa kits were used to detect superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC).Results An increased viability was observed in HeLa cells treated with the glucose at low concentration ( ＜25 mmol/L),while HeLa cell growth was inhibited by glucose at doses of ＞25 mmol/L. Relevant to cells treated with 1 mmoL/L glucose,SERs (sensitive enhancement ratio) in cells exposed to 5,10 and 25 mmol/L glucose were 1.07,1.10 and 1.23,respectively. A reduction of G2/M and S arrests and apeptosis caused by 6 Gy X-ray irradiation were observed [(49.68 ±1.88)％ and (35.54±1.45)％ at G2/M phase,(16.88 ±1.22)％ and (10.23 ±1.65)％ atS phase,t=10.42,5.61,P＜0.05]and in the cells treated with 1 mmol/L glucose compared with cells treated with 25 mmol/L glucose [ ( 25.50 ± 0.95 ) ％ and (7.56 ± 1.07 ) ％,t =21.72,P ＜0.05 ].Without irradiation,calorie restriction exhibited a negligible influence on SOD and T-AOC in rats.However,after 11 Gy irradiation,compared with rats fed ad libitum,the levels of SOD and T-AOC were significantly increased in rats with calorie restriction ( t =40.32,42.78, P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Calorie restriction has a certain radioprotective effect in vivo and in vitro.

Objective To evaluate prescribing antibiotics in medical patients visiting the polyclinic at 2008 Beijing Olympic Village for its further reasonable use. Methods Clinical prescriptions for all the medical patients at the polyclinic were reviewed retrospectively. Consistency between antibiotics prescriptions and their indications formulated before 2008 Beijing Olympic Games was evaluated, as well as related factors for their overuse. Results In total, 1537 patients visited the polyclinic and 1233 recipes were prescribed,with 956 patients (62. 2% ) with infections, including 809 (52. 6% ) of respiratory infections. One hundred and forty-nine of 1537 patients (9. 7% ) were treated with antibiotics, accounting for 12. 1 percent of all prescriptions, and 43 cases (28.9%) were identified as antibiotics overuse, including 39 cases with respiratory infections. Prevalence of antibiotics overuse was significantly more for patients of domestic employees than that for non-employees (34. 6% vs. 14.3% , P <0. 01 ), with art independent association between them (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.11 - 8. 50). Conclusions Although the polyclinic has successfully reduced unnecessary antibiotics use, their overuse remains to be reduced, and physicians' strict adhesion to indications for antibiotics use and patient education are essential for their rational use in primary care of China.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of single use or combination of dydrogesterone and progestin in treatment of threatened abortion caused by uteal phase defect.Methods Totally 186 patients with threatened abortion caused by uteal phase defect accepted in The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan from April 2015 to April 2016 were selected and randomly divided into groups A,B,and C with 62 cases in each group.Patients in group A were given dydrogesterone,those in group B were given progestin,and those in group C were given dydrogesterone combined with progestin.Then the clinical effect,expression of hormones,treatment outcome,and adverse reaction were observed and compared.Results The total effective rates of groups A and B were 72.58％ and 66.13％,respectively,which were obviously lower than 90.32％ of group C with statistically significance (P ＜0.05).The expression levels of P,E2,and hCG of three groups after treatment were higher than those before,those in group C were the highest among them (P ＜ 0.05).The successful treatment rates of groups A,B,and C were 83.87％,82.26％,and 95.16％,respectively,which had no great difference.Conclusion Combination use of dydrogesterone and progestin has better effective rate in treatment of threatened abortion caused by uteal phase defect compared to single use of these two drugs,which has good safety and worth of clinical application.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically evaluate the efficacy of mecobalamin,ganglioside,mixture of calcium and magne-sium,reduced glutathione,mixture of calcium and magnesium combined with reduced glutathione in the prevention of chronic neu-rotoxicity induced by oxaliplatin, and to provide evidence-based reference for clinic treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,clinicltrials.gov and CJFD,randomized controlled trials (RCT) about efficacy of 5 interventions in the prevention of chronic neurotoxicity induced by oxaliplatin were collected,and network Meta-analysis were performed by using ADDIS 1.16.5 af-ter extracting data and evaluating quality. RESULTS:A total of 34 studies were included,involving 3 236 patients. 4 studies were three-arm studies,30 studies were two-arm studies,totally 42 arms. Compared with placebo,the incidence of CIPN by 5 interven-tions was significantly reduced. Mixture of calcium and magnesium combined with reduced glutathione was the most effective and the followed by mecobalamin,reduced glutathione,ganglioside and mixture of calcium and magnesium,however,there were no significant differences among 5 interventions(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:5 kinds of interventions are all effective in the preven-tion of chronic neurotoxicity induced by oxaliplatin. Mixture of calcium and magnesium combined with reduced glutathione is the most effective. Duo to the low quality of included studies,large-scale and high quality RCTs are required for further validation of the conclusions.