Objective To investigate the clinical characterastics of uremia pruritus and the value of treatment by bacillus coagulans. Methods The clinical data of 312 patients with maintenance hemodialysis were collected. The incidence rate, clinical manifestation and correlation factors of uremia pruritus were analyzed. Then, 40 refractory pruritus patients were divides into 2 groups by random digits table, with 20 patients in each group. The patients in experiment group were treated by bacillus coagulans, and the patients in control group were given vitamin E. The relieve of pruritus in two groups was compared. Results In 312 patients, 158 patients didn′t have pruritus, 56 patients had mild pruritus, 68 patients had moderate pruritus , and 30 patients had severe pruritus. The levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine, calcium, ferroprotein in different degree of pruritus patients had no significant differences (P>0.05), but the levels of phosphorus, calcium-phosphorus product, immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH), C reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6 increased with the severity of pruritus (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the levels of CRP, IL-6, iPTH were risk factors for pruritus (P<0.01 or <0.05). The VAS scores of moderate and severe pruritus patients in experiment group after treatment were significantly decreased compared with that before treatment (P<0.05). The levels of CRP, IL-1 and IL-6 before and after treatment in control group had no significant differences (P>0.05). The levels of CRP, IL-1 and IL-6 after treatment in experiment group significantly decreased (P<0.05). The rate of pruritus was very high , and there was markedly positive correlation between pruritus and serium inorganic phosphorus、iPTH and CRP. Bacillus coagulans can alleviate pruritus. Conclusions On the basis of maintenance hemodialysis, bacillus coagulans can regulate the intestinal flora, alleviate inflammatory reaction, and help to release the symptom of pruritus.

Objective: To observe the effects of heat-sensitive moxibustion plus Chinese medication on serum inflammatory indicators, T-lymphocyte subsets, and serum microRNAs in patients with multiple myeloma after chemotherapy. Methods: Eighty-two patients with multiple myeloma who had terminated chemotherapy were divided into an observation group and a control group using the random number table method, with 41 cases in each group. The control group received symptomatic treatment of Western medicine plus oral Chinese medication Yi Shen Qiang Gu Tang (decoction for benefiting the kidney to strengthen bones), and the observation group received additional heat-sensitive moxibustion treatment. After the intervention, the following measures were observed, including clinical efficacy, symptom scores of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and tumor patient's quality of life (QOL) scores [including Karnofsky performance status (KPS) score, performance scale (PS) score, and tumor-specific QOL questionnaire score] alongside the serum inflammatory indicators [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)], and the relative expression levels of T-lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+) and serum microRNA-302 (miR-302), microRNA-140-5p (miR-140-5p), and microRNA-125a (miR-125a). Results: After treatment, the total effective rate was 85.4％ in the observation group, higher than 68.3％ in the control group (P<0.05). The observation group was superior to the control group in improving the serum inflammatory factor levels, TCM symptom scores, tumor patient's QOL scores, and the relative expression levels of T-lymphocyte subsets and serum miR-302, miR-140-5p, and miR-125a, and the between-group differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: Heat-sensitive moxibustion plus Chinese medication can lower the serum inflammatory factor levels, strengthen immune function, mitigate TCM symptoms, enhance QOL, and raise the expression levels of serum miR-125a, miR-140-5p, and miR-302 in multiple myeloma patients after chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE:To study the vasodilatation effects of the alcohol extract from Uighur medicine Ziziphora clinopodioi-des(EEZ)on isolated rat thoracic aorta vessel rings. METHODS:Isolated rat thoracic aorta vessel rings were prepared. There was a group with intact vessel ring endothelium and a group with vessel ring endothelium removed in the test. After preshrinking the ves-sel rings with phenylephrine(PE),EEZ of 100,300,500,700,900 and 1 100 mg/L was added gradually,concentration-vasodila-tation curve was drawn and maximal vasodilatation rate (Emax) and median effective concentration (EC50) were calculated. For the group with vessel ring endothelium removed,after the vessel ring was pretreated with EEZ at EC50 in calcium-free solution or calci-um-free high-potassium solution,CaCl2 of 0.4,0.8,1.2,1.6,2.0 and 2.4 mmol/L was added gradually,and calcium concentra-tion-tension curve was drawn;following the pretreatment of the vessel ring with EEZ at EC50,1 μmol/L PE was added and shrink tension was recorded and vasoconstriction percentages was calculated. RESULTS:EEZ had vasodilatation effect on the vessel ring preshrunk with PE in a concentration and smooth muscle-dependent manner. The group with intact vessel ring endothelium and the group with vessel ring endothelium removed respectively had Emax of (58.18 ± 16.23)% and (73.54 ± 17.21)%,and EEZ EC50 of 773.27 mg/L. For calcium-free high-potassium solution,EEZ could cause the calcium ion-vasoconstriction curve to move to the right obviously;for calcium-free solution,EEZ could inhibit the vasoconstriction caused by PE. CONCLUSIONS:EEZ has vasodi-latation effects by a mechanism which may be related to inhibiting calcium influx and intracytoplasmic calcium release through the inhibition of voltage-dependent calcium channels(VDCCs),and thus interfering intracytoplasmic calcium ion balance.

Objective The immature platelet fraction (IPF) could be detected quantificationally in Sysmex XE-2100 with the software of XE-pro and IPF master.The study aimed to perform the methodological evaluation of IPF detection and investigate the clinical significance for the monitoring for bone marrow hyperplasia in cancer chemotherapy patients.Methods The high-level, middle-level and low-level whole blood samples were randomly chosen for detection repeatly 20 times to obtain interrun coefficient of variation (CV) for evaluation of the precision and reproducibility. Integrated quality controls were determined for continuous 20 days to obtain intrarun CV, and the stability and carryover was investigated.Furthermore, the correlation between results from Sysmex XE-2100 and results from flow cytometry was assessed.182 healthy subjects and 130 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were selected and the latter were divided into two groups according to platelet counts after therapy, one was normal PLT group, the other was decreased PLT group.The IPF of either group was measured and was compared with each other.Results The precision of IPF for high-level, middle-level and low-level were 4.71%, 4.33% and 4.95%, respectively, they were less than 5%.The interrun CV of IPF detection for middle-level and low-level were less than 5%.The interrun CV of IPF detection for high-level were less than 10%.The carryover ranged from 0.6% to 2.7%,and the average rate was 1.2%.A good correlation for IPF detection was shown between results from Sysmex XE-2100 and flow cytometry(r = 0.880 9,P ＜ 0.01).Regarding clinical utility of IPF detection in treatment monitoring for chemotherapy effect, the median of IPF levels in decreased PLT group, normal PLT group,control group were 14.45% ,7.35% and 15.68%, respectively.There was significant difference among the three groups (H =49.032,P ＜0.01 ).The IPF level was higher in decreased PLT group than normal PLT group (t = -5.681, P ＜ 0.O1 ), and was lower in normal PLT group after chemotherapy than the control group (t = -6.662 ,P ＜0.01 ).Conclusions The determination of IPF by the Sysmex XE-2100 owns high precision and good stability. IPF is an effective marker for evaluation of thrombopoietic condition in the cancer chemotherapy patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) on human renal tubular epithelial cells(HK-2) autophagy.Methods HK-2 cells were stimulated with AOPPs.RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to determine the expression of autophagy related protein LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ,Beclin1 and p62;Western blot was utilized to examine the activation of p38 MAPK pathway.Then p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) was added and co-processed with AOPPs.The change of autophagy was observed Also,autophagy inducer rapamycin was added and co-processed with AOPPs.RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of cell cycle inhibitory protein p27.The cell total protein level was detected by the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) method.The hypertrophy change was observed.Results AOPPs down-regulated the expression of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and Beclin1,up-regulated expression of p62 and activated p38 MAPK pathway;in comparison with the AOPPs alone treatment group,the expression of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and Beclin in the SB203580 co-processing group was increased,while p62 was decreased;the p27 expression and cells total protein in the sirolimus co-processing group were down-regulated.Conclusion AOPPs inhibits the autophagy of HK-2 cells by activating p38 MAPK pathway and the autophagy inhibition participates in HK-2 cell hypertrophy.

Objective To compare the differences in responsive ability and oxidative stress damage between type 2 diabetic rats and normal rats under acute sepsis associated with stress hyperglycemia.Methods GK rats with type 2 diabetes and Wistar rats were established critical ill models of sepsis by intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Before and after LPS injection,serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α),interleukin (IL)-1β3,and IL-6,and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were determined.Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) levels in serum and tissues (lung,liver,kidney,heart) were measured by colorimetric determination.Results Before LPS injection,serum levels of TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-10 in GK rats were higher than those of Wistar rats.The serum levels of TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-10 after LPS injection were raised in both GK rats and Wistar rats (all P＜0.05).At baseline,serum MDA level of GK rats was higher than that of Wistar group [(25.76 vs 12.71) μmol/L,P＜0.05],while T-AOC level were lower [(0.60 vs 2.8) U/ml,P＜0.05].One hour after LPS injection,the serum MDA level in two kinds of rats significantly increased compared with those of their baseline levels [(32.30 and 20.19) μmol/L,both P＜0.05],while their serum T-AOC level decreased [(0.20 and 2.08) U/ml,P＜0.05]).There were no signigicant differences in the change trend of serum MDA and T-AOC between the two kinds of rats.MDA and T-AOC levels in tissues had no significant difference before and after LPS injection in GK and Wistar rats (P＞0.05).Conclusions The rats with type 2 diabetes had lowered level of proinflammatory factors and raised level of anti-inflammatory factors under acute sepsis,presenting better tolerance and lowered probability of inflammatory diffusion compared with normal rats.

A series of poly(ethylene terephthalate-Co-ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PEFT) copolyesters were synthesized with different terephthalic acid (PTA) /2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) molar ratios by direct esterification method. In order to investigate their chain structures, 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR spectra of these copolyesters were recorded. The average length ( L) , the degree of randomness ( B) and composition of copolyesters were calculated from the intensities of four kinds of signals, which corresponding to the chemical shifts of hydrogen and carbon atoms in ethylene glycol unit in PEFT copolyesters chains. It was shown that the degree of randomness B of all purified copolyesters reached to 1 by the formula of Yamadera and Murano, which indicated that they were random copolymers. Comparatively, the PEF-block-PET of B value was 0. 577, and the PEF-blend-PET of B value was 0 . It was also consistent with the previous results of differential scanning calorimeter ( DSC) that each of the PEFT copolyesters had only one glass transition temperature and the copolyesters were random copolymers. The randomness B of PEFT-50 was the greatest of all, the value was 1. 012 based on the result of 1 H-NMR, and the value was 1. 028 based on the result of 13 C-NMR. Furthermore, the results above displayed that the activity of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and terephthalic acid was similar in this nucleophilic substation reaction with ethylene glycol.

Objective To investigate the relationship between cognitive impairment and the other clinical features of subcortical damage in patients with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)-defined subcortical ischemic vascular disease(SIVD).Methods The cohort for this study included 110 SIVD patients who were divided into 3 groups according to cognitive status:patients with noncognition impairment(SIVD-NCI group,n=34),patients with mild cognitive impairment(SIVD-MCI group,n =47) and patients with vascular dementia (SIVD-VaD group,n =29).The cognitive functions were evaluated by the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA),the Cambridge cognitive examination-Chinese version(CAMCOG-C),activity of daily living scale(ADL) and clock drawing task(CDT),etc.Depression symptoms were assessed by the geriatric depression scale (GDS),while the other clinical features of subcortical damage were assessed by the timedGet-Up and Go test,etc.Results There were statistically significant differences in the MMSE,MoCA,CAMCOG-C,CDT and ADL scores among the three groups(H=85.36,F=50.32,55.03,H=27.39,40.87,respectively,all P＜0.05).Gait disturbance,urinary disorder,pseudobulbar palsy,depression and falls were statistically significantly different among the threegroups(x2=21.69,21.41,25.51,6.91,21.87,all P＜0.05).In addition,gait disturbance was increasingly aggravated with the severity of cognitive impairment.In SIVD-MCI group,urinary disorder,pseudobulbar palsy and falls were significantly increased as compared with SIVD-NCI group (x2 =15.57,16.31,8.92,both P＜0.017).Depression was statistically significant different between SIVD-NCIandSIVD-VaD group(x2 =6.90,P＜0.017).Among the three groups,there was no significant difference in the feature of emotional incontinence.Conclusions With the decline in cognitive function,the patients with SIVD can present with different clinical features of subcortical damage.Gait disturbance is gradually aggravated with the decline in cognitive function.Urinary disorder,pseudobulbar palsy,and falls can reflect the cognitive impairment from normal to mild on the other hand.Depression can be used as one of the signs that show cognitive impairment reached to dementia.

Objective:To better understand the changes of the NKT like cells after HIV infection and HAART treatment.Methods: Peripheral blood from HIV-infected individuals, HAART-treatment AIDS patients and healthy controls were collected, the expression of CD57 and the proliferation ability of NKT like cells before and after HAART were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results:We found that the percentage of NKT like cells before HAART was significantly lower than the healthy controls ( P<0.01 ) , and recovered after HAART treatment ( P<0.05 );the aging of NKT like cells was significantly higher before HAART compared with health individuals (P<0.01),and recovered after HAART treatment(P<0.05)the proliferation was significantly lower in vitro before HAART compared with healthy controls,and partial recovered after HAART.Conclusion: After HAART treatment,the number of NKT like cells,CD57 expression and the proliferation ability of HIV infected patients were restored.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of postpartum depression among female immigrants at Tianhe district of Guangzhou. Methods A total of 2021 migrant women postpartum in three hospitals at Tianhe district of Guangzhou were screened with Center for Epidemiological Survey Depression Scale , (CES-D), Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS) and self-made related factors questionnaire from May to December, 2013. Results This study showed postpartum depression affected 18.31% of migrant women at Tianhe district of Guangzhou. Unconditional logistic regression analysis showed a significant correlation of PPD with birth place , residence time,newborn disease,fetus gender and household income (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified birth place,residence time,newborn disease,fetus gender as the risk factors for PPD,household income was negatively correlated with the incidence of PPD with OR value of 0.680;Compared with healthy female immigrants, the total score of social support rating scale,the score of objective support,subjective support and social utilization degree were significantly reduced respectively in female immigrants with PPD. Conclusion The prevalence of PPD was high at Tianhe district of Guangzhou,health education and comprehensive social support system should be offered in order to prevent PPD.