Objective To explore the value of enzyme‐linked immunospot(ELISPOT ) assay in the diagnosis of acquired immu‐nodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection .Methods 42 hospitalized AIDS patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and 60 non‐tuberculosis hospitalized patients with diseases of respiratory system in the same period were recruited as observation group and control group ,respectively .ELISPOT assay ,tuberculosis antibody(TBAb) test and tuberculin skin test(TST) were performed for all the patients ,respectively .The sensitivity ,specificity and accuracy of the 3 meth‐ods were comparatively analyzed .Results The sensitivity ,specificity and accuracy of ELISPOT were 92 .9% ,93 .3% and 93 .1% . These of TBAb were 54 .8% ,71 .7% and 64 .7% ,and of TST were 47 .6% ,53 .3% and 51 .0% ,respectively .There were significant differences among three methods in sensitivity ,specificity and accuracy(P<0 .05) .The sensitivity ,specificity and accuracy of ELIS‐POT were the highest in the 3 methods(P<0 .05) .There were no significant differences between TBAb test and TST in sensitivi‐ty ,specificity and accuracy(P>0 .05) .Conclusion ELISPOT assay has relatively high diagnostic value in AIDS patients with My‐cobacterium tuberculosis infection .

Animals ; China ; Echinococcosis ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Malaria ; diagnosis ; Schistosomiasis ; diagnosis

The relationships between cholinergic neurons and SP terminals were examined in the rat sacral ventral horn at the light and electron microscopic levels by means of double immunostaining methods. Cholinergic neurons were labeled by a monoclonal antibody to choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) with the avidin-biotin technique and stained bluish-green by indolyl-?-galactoside reaction products with ?-galactosidase as a marker. On the same sections, SP fibers were labeled by polyclonal antisera to SP after application of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method and stained brown by diaminobenzidine (DAB)reaction. At the light microscopic level CHAT-I neurons stained bluish-green and SP- I fibers Stained brown were found in the ventral horn. At the electron microscopic level, many asymmetrical axodendritic synapses(type I of Gray)were observed between CHAT-I dendrites and SP-I terminals in the ventral horn, but axosomatic synapses and symmetrical synapses (type I of Gray) were hardly detected. These results indicate that SP-I terminals make direct synapses with CHAT-I motoneurons of sacral ventral horn. These synapses may be predominantly excitatory and have importance in the control of muscular constriction.

Hepatitis C virus ( HCV) is a leading cause of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcino-ma in humans.Due to the lack of suitable experimental animal models for HCV infection, the development of more effective treatment of HCV infection and vaccines has been delayed.Chimpanzee is the best experimental animal model for the re-search of hepatitis C virus ( HCV) infection.However, because of its limited in resource, expensive in breeding, and difference in clinical symptoms, thus developing new experimental animal models for HCV-related basic and applied re-search is imminent.In recent years, as a surrogate animal model, the development of rodent model and other models has been achieved a lot of progress.Using such as genetically modified experimental techniques, those surrogate animals were infected with HCV in vivo and were successfully applied to research in several areas.In this review, we will focus on the a-chieved progress in naturally infected animal model and transgenic surrogate experimental models, and their advantage and limitation in usage in study on the pathogenetic mechanism of infection, drug evaluation and development of vaccines, and will also discuss the future direction of development of experimental animal models for research of infection with HCV.

Objective To study TLC and HPLC fingerprint of Paeoniae Radix Alba;To provide reliable methods for its quality control and evaluation. Methods TLC was performed to detect paeoniflorin with CHCl3-EtOAc-methanol-formic acid (40∶5∶10∶0.2) as the developing solvent system. The HPLC chromatographic separation was performed on Kromasil C18 column (250 mm× 4.6 mm, 5μm, 12 nm). The mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile-0.05%phosphoric acid in gradient elution with flow rate of 1 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm, and the column temperature was 35 ℃. Results The TLC spots were clear. Fifteen common peaks including paeoniflorin (the ninth peak) in the HPLC profile were found in ten batches of samples of Paeoniae Radix Alba in different growing areas, the fingerprints of samples from Anhui Province and Zhejiang Province showed little difference. Conclusion Fingerprint of Paeoniae Radix Alba showed unique features, and can be used to control its quality.

Objective To observe the effect of two different methods of fixed temporary pacemaker electrode. Methods Fromn April 2015 to December 80 temporary pacemaker patients were randomly divided into control group (n = 40) and the experimental group (n = 40), the control group using gauze cloth tape cross method combined with the traditional fixed, the experimental group was treated with 3M type of comfortable and stable transparent dressing+3M pressure fixing belt fixed, to compare two groups in the skin lesions, electrode dislocation, inflammatory reaction, the switching frequency difference. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in general data (P>0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the cost of dressing and materials、electrode dislocation (P>0.05), experimental group of the switching frequency is lower than the control group (Z=-2.064, P<0.05), the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions 3M comfortable type solid transparent sticking and 3M pressurized fixed band method in the absence of increased medical costs while ensuring medical safety, save the manpower cost.