Objective To retrospectively analyze the status quo of health education for domestic hypertensive patients in the past 10 years.Methods Papers on health education for domestic hypertensive patients, retrieved from Wanfang Database and CNKI, were analyzed according to the Excel.Results The number of studies on health education for domestic hypertensive patients showed a tendency to increase in 2005-2015.The commonly used health education methods for hypertensive patients were face to face education, distributing education materials, holding lectures, and follow-up.The main health education contents included hypertension-related knowledge, physical exercises, rational diet, emotion control, compliant behaviors, giving up smoking and limiting drinking, and body weight control.The index of lifestyle of patients was improved after health education.Conclusion Great achievements are made in health education for hypertensive patients in our country.Stress should be placed on the rational planning for health education and building electronic health education platform in future.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and types of maternal near miss in Hangzhou City from 2015 to 2020, so as to provide insights into early identification and interventions for maternal near miss. Methods: The data of maternal near miss in 5 hospitals of Hangzhou City from 2015 to 2020 were collected from China's National Maternal Near Miss Obstetrics Surveillance System, and the incidence and mortality of maternal near miss, types of pregnancy-related complications/comorbidities and types of critical illness were descriptively analyzed. Results: Totally 230 490 pregnant and lying-in women were recruited in 5 hospitals in Hangzhou City from 2015 to 2020, and there were 182 514 live births, 177 428 women with pregnancy-related complications/comorbidities, and 1 790 cases of maternal near miss with a 0.98% annual incidence rate. The incidence of maternal near miss was high in 2019 (1.18%). The hospital mortality and death index were respectively 3.29/105 and 0.33% among pregnant and lying-in women from 2015 to 2020, and there was no death found among pregnant and lying-in women from 2018 to 2020. The main pregnancy-related complications/comorbidities included anemia (79.33%), obstetric hemorrhagic disorders (69.83%), and gestational hypertension (16.65%). The main critical illness among maternal near miss included coagulation dysfunction (87.23/104), cardiovascular dysfunction (20.44/104), and respiratory dysfunction (9.70/104). Conclusions The incidence of maternal near miss was high and the hospital mortality appeared a reduction tendency among pregnant and lying-in women in Hangzhou City from 2015 to 2020. Coagulation dysfunction is the primary critical illness among maternal near miss, and the management of anemia and hemorrhagic diseases requires to be improved.

The study aims to solve the instability problem of methylphenidate (MPH) in plasma, and establish a LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determining of MPH in human plasma. The stabilities of MPH in different media were studied, and the degradation characteristics of MPH in these media were also investigated by HPLC and LC-MS/MS. To a 200 microL aliquot of freshly collected plasma sample, 10 microL 2% formic acid was added immediately to prevent the hydrolysis of MPH in human plasma samples. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Sapphire C18 column using the mobile phase of methanol - 5 mmol.L-1 ammonium acetate buffer solution containing 0.1% formic acid (46 : 54). MPH was quantified by tandem mass spectrometry operating in positive electrospray ionization mode with multiple reaction monitoring. The detection used the transitions of protonated molecules at m/z 234.2-->84.1 for MPH and m/z 260.3-->183.1 for propranolol (IS), separately. The intra- and inter-assay precisions were all below 5.0%. The accuracies were all in standard ranges. The linear calibration curve was obtained in the concentration range of 0.035-40 ng.mL-1. The methods fulfilled the demand. The method was used to determine the concentration of MPH in human plasma after a single dose of 36 mg MPH tablet to 6 healthy Chinese volunteers. The method is suitable for the precisely determination of MPH and for pharmacokinetic study of MPH in human plasma.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on cochlea morphology and expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) in guinea pigs with endolymphatic hydrops, so as to explore the possible mechanism of EA on endolymphatic hydrops.

METHODSForty guinea pigs were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a medication group and an EA group, 10 guinea pigs in each one. Model of endolymphatic hydrops was established by using intraperitoneal injection of aldosterone. Guinea pigs in the blank group and model group were treated with identical immobilization as EA group but no treatment was given; guinea pigs in the medication group were treated with intragastric administration of hydrochlorothiazide at a dose of 5 mg/kg, once a day for consecutive 10 days; guinea pigs in the EA group were treated with' EA at "Baihui" (GV 20) and "Tinggong"(SI 19), once a day for consecutive 10 days. The serum ionic concentration in each group was tested by turbidimetric method; hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to measure the severity of cochlea hydrops; immunohistochemical method was used to observe the expression of AQP1 in the cochlea.

RESULTS(1) There was no endolymphatic hydrops in the blank group, moderate-severe endolymphatic hydrops in the model group and slight endolymphatic hydrops in the EA group and medication group. (2) The concentration of K+ and Ca2+ in the EA group was higher than that in the model group and medication group (all P<0. 01); the concentration of Na+ was lower than that in the model group (P< 0. 01) but higher than that in the medication group (P<0. 01); the concentration of Cl- was higher than that in the medication group (P<0. 01), but not significantly different from the model group (P>0. 05). (3) The ratio of expression area of AQP1 in the model group was lower than that in the blank group (P<0. 01); the ratio of expression area of AQP1 in the EA group was higher than that in the model group (P<0. 01), and lower than that in the medication group without significant difference (P>0. 05).

CONCLUSIONEA could relieve the endolymphatic hydrops in guinea pigs; the mechanism is likely to be related with up-regulating the expression of AQP1 in cochlea and ion concentration might be an important factor involved.

Animals ; Aquaporins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cochlea ; anatomy & histology ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electroacupuncture ; Endolymphatic Hydrops ; genetics ; metabolism ; therapy ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Male

Acetates ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Infant ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Methylprednisolone ; therapeutic use ; Neuroendocrine Cells ; pathology ; Quinolines ; therapeutic use ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Aim To study the inhibitory effect of NO donating-aspirin derivative Ⅱ_6 on thrombosis and its mechanism of nitric oxide release. Methods Inferior vena cava thrombosis and cerebral thrombosis model in rats were used to investigate the antithrombotic activities of Ⅱ_6.TXB_2 and 6-Keto-PGF_(1?)in rat serum、rat aortic strip and in ECV304 cells were determined by radioimmunosay.NO content in the serum of rats and extracellular fluid of the ECV304 cells were tested with Griess reagent.Results Ⅱ_6 inhibited the thrombosis in inferior vena cava and brain,and it reduced the concentration of TXB_2.but increased NO production.Conclusion Ⅱ_6 has an inhibitory effect on thrombosis and increases NO content in vivo and vitro.

In spite of much progress on its mechanism, diagnosis and treatment, diabetes mellitus remains a public health challenge. The harm of diabetes is not significantly reduced, instead shows an increasing tendency year by year. To achieve an in?depth and comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanism, and to develop efficacious, stable and hypoglycemia?risk free drugs, it is crucial to gain more knowledge about diabetes from animal models. In this review, the types of diabetes animal models, modeling methods, the advantages and disadvantages, their applicable scope are discussed aiming to provide a reference for researchers to choose appropriate animal models.

BACKGROUND:Researches have found that minocycline plays a neuroprotective effect by inhibiting the microgliacel proliferation and activation and suppressing glial cels to release cytokines and chemokines. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence of minocycline on glial cel line derived neurotrophic factor, NTN and gene expression in substantia nigra and corpus striatum in Parkinson’s disease model rats.
METHODS:144 rats were randomly divided into four groups, with 36 rats in each group. In the normal control group, no intervention was given. In the model and experimental groups, 6-hydroxydopamine was injectedin the right substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area to establish Parkinson’s disease models. In the sham surgery group, vitamin C was injected in the two points. In the experimental group, after model establishment, rats were intragastricaly given 4.5 g/L minocycline 45 mg/kg. From then on, additional 22.5 mg/kg minocycline was added every 12 hours. The last group was normal control group. Immediately, 12 hours, 1, 7, 14 and 21 days after model induction, SP immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of glial cel line derived neurotrophic factor and NTN expression in the substantia nigra and corpus striatum. RT-PCR was used to identify glial cel line derived neurotrophic factor and NTN mRNA expression in the substantia nigra and corpus striatum.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Both in the substantia nigra and corpus striatum, the positive cel number and relative gene expression of glial cel line derived neurotrophic factor and NTN were lower in the model group than in the normalcontrol and sham surgery groups (P< 0.05). Glial cel line derived neurotrophic factor-and NTN-positive cel number and relative expression were higher in the experimental group than in the model group (P< 0.05). These findings suggest that minocyclinecan delay the process of Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis by promoting glial cel line derived neurotrophic factor protein and gene expression.

A sensitive method based on high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has been developed for the simultaneous determination of folic acid (FA) and its active metabolite, 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid (5-M-THF), in human plasma. The analytes were extracted from plasma with methanol solution containing 10 mg/mL of 2-mercaptoethanol and 0.025% (v/v) ammonium hydroxide. FA and 5-M-THF were more stable after the addition of 2-mercaptoethanol and ammonium hydroxide in the sample preparation procedures of this study than they were in the previously published methods. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Hedera ODS-2 column using a gradient elution system of acetonitrile and 1 mM ammonium acetate buffer solution containing 0.6% formic acid as mobile phase. LC-MS/MS was carried out with an ESI ion-source and operated in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The assay was linear over the concentration ranges of 0.249-19.9 ng/mL for FA, and 5.05-50.5 ng/mL for 5-M-THF. The developed LC-MS/MS method offers increased sensitivity for quantification of FA and 5-M-THF in human plasma and was applicable to a pharmacokinetic study of FA and 5-M-THF.

BACKGROUND:The sensitivity andmucus secretion of theoral mucosamake oral soft tissues difficult to repair, so patients cannot achieve satisfactory outcomes after treatment. Nano-celulose protein mainly composed of glycine, alanine and serine has good histocompati bility. However, there is a lack of comparative study about the effect of nano-celulose protein and acelular matrix in oral mucosa repair, and the clinical effects of the two materials are stil under discussion.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of nano-celulose proteinver susacelular matrix in oral mucosa repair.
METHODS:Oral mucosadefect models were preparedinrats, and these rat models were randomly divided into four groups:oral mucosa defectswere repaired by vaseline (control group), nano-celulose protein, bovine skin acelular matrix and human skin acelular matrix, respectively. Repair effects were compared among different materials within 2 months after surgery.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The diameter of oral mucosa defect measured using a vernier caliper, had no significant differences among groups at 1 day after surgery (P> 0.05); the diameter of oral mucosa defect in the nano-celulose protein group was significantly lower than that in the other groups at 3, 5 and 7 days after surgery (P<0.05); the diameter of oral mucosa defect in the bovine and human skin acelular matrix groups was significantly lower than that in the control group at 5 and 7 days after surgery (P< 0.05). Morphological observationoftheoral mucosa under light microscope showed: the number of newborn capilary endothelialcels in the defect region had no significant differences among nano-celulose protein, bovine acelular matrix and human acelular matrixgroupsat 1, 3, 5 and 7 weeks after surgery (P> 0.05);but there were significant differences in the number of newborn capilary endothelialcels between the control group and the other three groups (P< 0.05). Furthermore, at 21 days after surgery, closely aligned and thicker new epithelialtissuecould be found in the nano-celulose protein group; in the bovine acelular matrix group,thedefect regionwasrepaired wel, new epithelialtissueappeared andthe number of inflammatory cels decreased; in the human acelular matrix group, inflammatory cels appearedobviously, and new epithelialtissueformed with the normal thickness. In contrast,abundant inflammatory cels and thinner epithelial tissues appeared in the control group. To conclude,bothnano-celulose protein and acelular matrix can accelerate wound healing by promoting oral mucosal epithelial hyperplasia.