Objective To develop a method for determination of magnolin in Bimingan Pellets. Methods HPLC was adopted for determination by using Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column (4.6 mm×150 mm, 5 μm), acetonitrile-water(40∶60) as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength was 278 nm. Results The method was linear in the range of 0.117~2.340 μg for the injection volume of magnolin(r=0.999 94), and the average recovery was 99.4%, RSD=1.9%. Conclusion The method was simple, accurate, reliable and reproducible for the quality control of Bimingan Pellets.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Survivin and high risk-human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in cervical carcinoma and premalignant lesion,and explore their roles in the pathogenesis of cervical carcinoma.MethodsEighty-two patients of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia(CIN)and cervical carcinoma were enrolled,including 25 CIN Ⅰ,23 CIN Ⅱ -Ⅲ and 34 cervical carcinoma.Twenty normal cervicals were chosen as control.The expression of Survivin was examined by immunohistochemical assay(SP),and the infection of HR-HPV was measured by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).ResultsExpressions of Survivin and HR-HPV of patients with cervical carcinoma [ 85.3％(29/34)and 88.2％ (30/34) ]were higher than those in CIN [ 52.1％ (25/48) and 54.2％ (26/48) ](P ＜ 0.05 ),CIN were higher than those in normal cervicals [ 0 and 10.0％ ( 2/20 ) ](P ＜ 0.05 ),CIN Ⅱ - Ⅲ [ 65.2％ ( 15/23 ) and 73.9％ ( 17/23 ) ]were higher than those in CIN Ⅰ [ 32.0％ ( 8/25 ) and 28.0％ (7/25) ](P ＜ 0.05 ).Survivin positive expression in cervical carcinoma was correlation with histological grade,but was no correlation with (P ＜ 0.05),age,clinical stage and pathology typing (P ＞ 0.05 ).HR-HPV infection was no correlation with age,clinical stage,histological grade and pathology typing (P ＞ 0.05).Positive correlation between the Survivin positive expression and HR-HPV infection was observed in cervical carcinoma(r =0.403,P ＜0.05).ConclusionIt suggests that Survivin may play an important role in the occurrence and development of cervical carcinoma together with HR-HPV.

Objective To investigate the content of heavy metals in the seafood from sea areas of Guangdong province and assess the seafood safety. Methods The seafood samples were collected from seventeen representative sea areas and two seafood markets in Guangdong province from April to August 2007. The contents of Cu,Zn,Cr,Cd and Pb were measured by ICP-MS. Single factor contamination estimation in seafood was conducted and the sea food safety was assessed. Results The contents of five heavy metals in fish were below the standard limits for harmless fishery food,and the contents of heavy metals in shellfish were higher than those of fish. The contents of Cu and Zn in some oysters were higher than the evaluation standard of heavy metal pollution for the marine animals. The contents of Cd in chlamys farreri and oysters were higher than the standard limits of harmless fishery food. Except the higher content of Cr in babylonia areolata,the contents of Cr and Pb in shellfish were below the standard limits. Conclusion As for the levels of heavy metals,Cu,Zn,Cr,Cd and Pb,in the fish from the sea areas of Guangdong province is safe for health and but the levels of the five heavy metals exceeded the safety limits in varying degrees in some shellfish.

AIM: To investigate the role of adrenomedullin (AM) in diabetic nephropathy. METHODS: We observed the changes in the expression and secretion of AM, TGF-? 1 in the cultured human mesangial cells under high glucose condition and the contents of the laminin and type IV collagen in the supernatants. The effect of intervention with AM was also observed. RESULTS: High glucose condition resulted in increase in the expression and secretion of AM TGF-? 1 laminin and type IV collagen. AM reversed the influence of high glucose on the cultured human mesangial cells. CONCLUSION: These results showed that high glucose condition is one of stimulating factors of AM and the renal protective action of AM may be associated with suppression of TGF-? 1 and reducing excessive accumulation of laminin and type IV collagen.

Objective To explore whether the dopamine D1 and D2 receptors were involved in pathogenic mechanism of Parkinsonian mice induced by paraquat. Methods The models of Parkinson's mice were induced by oral paraquat. The levels of dopamine D1 and D2 receptor proteins and the expression of receptor mRNAs in striatum were examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, respectively. Results Mice treated by oral paraquat (10mg?day -1 ?kg -1 ) for four months displayed marked hypoactive behavior. The levels of dopamine D1 and D2 receptor proteins in the striatum were significantly decreased by 28% and 29%, respectively (P

Objective:To investigate the significance of T cells morphologic character in ascites and pleural effusion in guiding tumor therapy. Methods: Totally 60 ascites and pleural effusion specimens were collected from patients with malignant tumor and were divided into 3 groups: chemotherapy group (18 cases), immunotherapy group (25 cases) and untreated group (17 cases). Ten benign specimens were taken as control.The T cell subtypes in ascites and pleural effusion were analyzed by EnVison~TM immunohistochemistry two-step technique. The T cells were analyzed semi-quantitatively and observed morphologically. Results: The lymphocytes were scattered around tumor cells and formed into petal-like structures. Most tumor cells surrouned by lymphocytes had morphologic changes. The positive rates of CD4, CD8, CD25, CD3, CD45_~RO ,S-100 and CD34 in malignant pleural and ascites effusion of immunotherapy group were significantly higher than those of chemotherapy group and untreated group (P

Objective To assess the efficacy of itopride on treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) overlapping constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (C-IBS). Methods Patients who met criteria for FD and FD overlapping C-IBS were randomly assigned into FD treatment group (group A), FD control group (group B), FD overlapping C-IBS treatment group (group C) and FD overlapping C-IBS control group (group D). The patients in group A and group C received 100 mg of itopride 3 times daily for 8 weeks. Dyspeptic symptoms including abdominal pain, bloating, early satiety and constipation, were evaluated before and after treatment. Ultrasonic monitoring of gastric emptying function was performed in group A and group C before and two weeks after treatment.ResultsThe symptoms of FD were relieved in both group A and group C (P<0.05), while better results were shown in group C. The significant improvement of constipation was seen in group A and group C. Besides, after medication, gastric emptying was improved in group A and group C in comparison with group B and group D. Conclusion Itopride is an effective therapeutic option in the treatmentping of patients with overlapping of FD and C-IBS.

Purpose To investigate the influence of paraquat on substantial nigra and doparine levels ofstriatum in C57BL mice. Methods 39 neonatal C57BL mice were randomly divided into 5 groups andwere given paraquat or 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetra-hydropyridine(MPTP) orally in 10 th and 11 thdays odl; ( 1 ) MPTP 0.3 mg/kg, n = 8; (2) MPTP 20 mg/kg, n = 8; (3) paraquat 0.07 mg/kg, n = 8; ( 4 )paraquat 0.36 mg/kg, n = 8; (5) normal saline, n = 7. Adult spontaneous motor activity was observed atages of 120 days, then the mice were decapitated and the contents of dopamine(DA), serotonin(5-HT), andtheir metabolites in striatum were analyzed. Meanwhile, the dopamine neuons at the mesencephalon vereobserved by the method of ABC immunohistochemistry. Results Mice given Paraquat 0.36 mg/kg andMPTP 20 rng/kg showed a marked bypoactive behavior and reduced the striatal contents of DA andmetabolites without affecting 5-HT. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the amount of dopamineneurons at the midbrain decreased. Conclusions C57BL mice exposed to great amount of paraquat duringthe neonatal period could yield the alterations of behavior and some pathological and biochemical changessimilar to parkinson disease.

ObjectiveTo investigate the dynamic changes of T helper (Th) responses and hepatic granuloma development during Schistosoma japonicum infection and to evaluate the possible correlation between the Th1/Th2 cytokines and pathological liver damage. MethodsSera from both Schistosoma japonicum infected C57BL/6 mice and uninfected controls were measured for interferongamma (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 at week 4, 6, 8 and 12 post-infection. At the same time, the splenic Th1/Th2 ratio was examined. The development of liver granulomas in infected mice was also observed and the correlation between the cytokines and granulomas were assessed. Wilcoxon test and Spearman rank correlation test were performed for data analysis. ResultsSerum IFN-γ level in infected mice was (2. 835±0. 049) lgpg/mL at week 4 post infection, which was significantly higher than that in controls [(1. 787 ± 0. 174) lgpg/mL, Z= - 2. 646, P = 0. 008]. Thereafter, the level declined after week 6, but remained higher than controls at the end of 12-week experiment (Z= -2.457, P=0. 014). IL-4 and IL-13 levels did not increase until week 6 (Z=-2. 646,P=0. 008;Z=-2. 646,P=0. 008), and peaked at week 8. After soluble egg antigen (SEA) stimulation, splenic Th1/Th2 ratio in infected mice was 0.5 (95％ CI 0. 2-1.2) at week 8 and 0.3 (95％ CI 0. 3-0.6)at week 12 post infection, both of which were significantly lower than those in uninfected controls (week 8: Z=2. 173, P=0.030; week 12:Z=2.551, P=0.011). Compared with unstimulated splenic cells, splenic Th1/Th2 ratio after SEA stimulation significantly decreased at week 8 (Z=2. 236, P=0. 025) and week 12 (Z=3. 130, P=0.002). Granulomas were first observed in livers at week 6 and the size kept on increasing. A negative correlation between serum IL-13 and the diameter of liver granulomas was discovered at week 12 post infection (r=0. 636, P= 0. 048). Conclusions Th1 response is dominant during the early stage of Schistosoma japonicum infection.However,followed by oviposition, Thl response declines and meanwhile a strong Th2 response gradually develops. Therefore, Th2 response probably plays a role in the development of hepatic granulomas.

BACKGROUND: Since the discovery of the fact that activin can promote the survival of retinal neurocyte in chicken,the effects of activin in nervous system receives recognition. As discovered recently,hippocampal activin βA mRNA expression up-regulates in multiple brain injury animal models including ischemia and hypoxia; however,the change of activin βA mRNA expression after epilepsy is waiting for investigation.OBJECTIVE: To observe hippocampal activin βA mRNA expression at different time point after pilocarpine (PC) -induced epilepsy in mouse to explore its mechanism.DESIGN: A randomized controlled experimental study based on the experimental animals.SETTING: Department of neurology in a university affiliated hospital and the institute of neurology in a university.MATERIALS: The study was conducted in the Institute of Neurology of Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University and the Department of Pathology of Shanghai Medical College between November 2001 and July 2002. Totally 168 eight to ten-week old healthy male C57BL/6 mice with a body mass between 20 g and 25 g were obtained from Shanghai Experimental Animal Center,Chinese Academy of Science.INTERVENTIONS: 350 mg/kg(10 g/L) of PC was injected into the abdominal cavity in the mice of study group,in which 1 mg/kg of scopolamine (SC) was injected at 30 minutes before the injection of PC to antagonize its peripheral cholinergic reaction. Status epilepticus(SE) model mouse was the mouse with continuous mgoelonus or generalized seizure of rigid clonus that lasted for 1 hour after the injection of PC. Valium(4 mg/kg) was immediately injected after the modeling to terminate seizure. Same dose of Valium was injected into non-SE(NSE) mice after 1.5 hours of PC injection. Saline was used to replace PC to inject into mice of control group,and the rest disposals of control group were as same as that of study group. SE mice,NSE mice and control mice were randomly divided into six subgroups including 0hour,1 hour,3 hours,6 hours,24 hours and 48 hours subgroups according to the time point after modeling with 6 mice of each subgroup(mice of NSE group and subgroups of 0 hour time point were not included into analysis of hybridization in situ).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hippocampal activin βA mRNA expression of different time point in SE mice and NSE mice were observed by RT-PCR; the distribution of hippocampal activin βA mRNA expression at different time points in mice were observed by hybridization in situ.RESULTS: There was no significant change of hippocampal activin βA mRNA expression at different time point in mice of NSE group and control group. In SE group,activin βA mRNA(0.49 ± 0. 11) had a transient significant decrease at the beginning(0 hour),which rapidly returned to control level(0. 74 ±0. 13) at 1 hour(0.73 ±0. 12) . Activin βA mRNA continuously increased and reached (0.97 ±0. 24) at 3 hours,(1.34 ±0. 19) at 6 hours,maintained (0.98 ±0. 17) until 24 hours,and decreased to (0. 83 ± 0.09) at 48 hours afterwards,which was slightly higher than control level. Compared with control group,the increases at 3 hours,6 hours and 24hours were significant( t = 2. 668,6. 289,2. 916,P ＜ 0. 001 - 0. 05). The significant up-regulation of activin βA mRNA expression was occurred earliest in hippocampal CA2 and DG regions at 3 hours after SE,and the significant expressions also could be seen in CA3 region after 6 hours. There were expressions in only CA2 and CA3 regions after 24 hours,while there were very few positive cells in CA2 region after 48 hours.CONCLUSION: PC-induced SE could significantly up-regulate hippocampal activin βA mRNA expression,while NSE has no such up-regulative effect. The up-regulation of hippocampal activin βA mRNA expression might be an endogenous protective effect of neuron on antagonizing excitatory injury.