Objective: Study some red cell blood group antigens and allo-antibodies of blood donors and surgical patients at Viet Duc Hospital order to contribute to safe blood transfusion. Subjects: 122 blood donors were tested antigens of red blood cell: Rh, Kell, Duffy, Lutheran, MNS, Lewis, P... with anti-serum developed by Gamma Company, 393 blood donors were undergone Mill test with anti-Mia, 938 blood donors and 1036 surgical patients were tested by Polybrene method for allo-antibody. Results: frequencies of red blood cell antigens out of ABO system of 122 blood donors were listed in Table 1. Prevalence of Mill antigen in 393 blood donors was 9.9%. Frequencies of allo-antibody were 0% and <1% in 938 blood donors group and surgical patients group, respectively. Among 93 surgical patients had multi-transfusion, frequency of allo-antibody was 4.3%
Antigens ; Isoantibodies ; Blood Transfusion ; surgery

Humans ; Isoantibodies ; von Willebrand Factor ; metabolism

Anti-John Milton Hagen (JMH) is a high-titer, low-avidity (HTLA) antibody against the high frequency red blood cell (RBC) antigen JMH. It occurs very rarely and has not yet been reported in Korea. Here, we report a case of anti-JMH antibody identified in a 92-year-old man without previous blood transfusion history, who had been hospitalized with pneumonia. The patient's hemoglobin level was reduced to 7.6 g/dL on the 35th day of hospitalization, requiring RBC transfusion. Antibody identification test revealed antibodies that showed pan-reactivity to all panel cells at the antiglobulin phase. A titration test confirmed that it was a HTLA antibody. He was given one least-incompatible unit of RBC without any adverse events, and his hemoglobin level increased to 9.3 g/dL. The patient's sample was referred to a reference laboratory and the antibody was identified as anti-JMH. He was successfully transfused with 6 additional units of least-incompatible RBCs without complication. HTLA antibodies against high frequency antigens, such as anti-JMH, are less likely to cause significant destruction of transfused antigen positive RBCs. However, identifying the specificity of these antibodies is necessary to appropriately understanding the clinical significance of the antibody, detecting other clinically important alloantibodies that may coexist, and determining the appropriate blood for transfusion.
Antibodies ; Blood Transfusion ; Erythrocytes ; Hospitalization ; Isoantibodies ; Korea* ; Pneumonia ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUND: Alloimmunization to RBC antigens may cause delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions and delayed serological transfusion reactions. In the present study, the frequency of alloimmunization and its clinical significance were evaluated. METHODS: Antibody screening tests for 17,365 samples from 11,372 patients were retrospectively analyzed during a 25-month period from February 2003 to March 2005. The records of transfusions and the clinical characteristics of the patients who had initially negative screening tests that converted to positive tests were evaluated. The unexpected antibody screening and identification tests were performed using the LISS/Coombs gel test with the DiaMed-ID system. RESULTS: The positive rate of the antibody screening tests was 1.36% (155/11,372). Thirty-eight patients (0.63%, 38/5,993) showed positive antibody screening tests from an initially negative screening. The most common clinically significant alloantibodies were Rh group antibodies (52.6%). The mean transfused RBC units, mean interval and mean transfusion frequencies for patients with initially negative antibody screening tests that converted to positive findings were 3.7 units, 56 days and 1.7 times, respectively. Antibodies from nine patients became undetectable following the first detection assay. CONCLUSION: RBC alloimmunization detected by unexpected antibody screening tests did not correlate with the quantity of transfusion and frequency of transfusion. One should be careful to recognize antibodies that are positive in an initial antibody screening test that subsequently become undetectable.
Antibodies ; Blood Group Incompatibility ; Humans ; Isoantibodies ; Mass Screening* ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: Proficiency testing is part of a total quality management program that provides objective evidence of clinical laboratory testing competence for customers, accrediting bodies, and regulatory agencies. Performing alternative assessment procedures for clinical tests, without proficiency testing, is recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline. In our study, an alternative assessment procedure was performed for blood bank tests that do not have an external proficiency program. METHODS: The laboratory for development and an evaluation center, supervised the program. Proficiency testing by seven institutions was performed 3 times at 6 month intervals by evaluating isoagglutinin and anti-D titers, and Weak D, Rh C and E typing, using ID-Internal Quality Control (Bio-Rad Laboratories) kits. RESULTS: Isoagglutinin and anti-D titer results were within one fold dilution range for all seven participating institutions, and Weak D, Rh C and E typing results all demonstrated identical antigenic reference patterns. CONCLUSION: An alternative assessment procedure was successfully performed without a proficiency testing program. Commercially manufactured reference materials could be an alternative method to support commutable, external, proficiency testing program.
Blood Banks ; Isoantibodies ; Mental Competency ; Quality Control ; Total Quality Management

We report here on a case of a RhD blood group phenotype with anti-D. The RhD phenotype for partial D phenotyping with using six monoclonal anti-sera typed as normal RhD for this case. DNA sequencing analysis of the RhD gene covering intron 8 to exon 10 showed two AAATAAGATA insertion sites in intron 8 and a single nucleotide change in the exon 10 area as compared with the normal RhD gene. However, the functional role of the RhD antigen is unclear.
Exons ; Genotype ; Introns ; Isoantibodies ; Phenotype ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

BACKGROUND: Multiple alloimmunization is the production of two or more alloantibodies by an individual. These antibodies are significant because they can present major problems in compatibility testing. The goal of this study was to determine the properties of concurrent blood group (BG) antibodies in Korea. METHODS: The transfusion records of 540 patients from Dong-A University Hospital were reviewed to identify alloimmunized individuals. The records spanned a time period from September 2002 to March 2010. The data regarding transfusions and the clinical characteristics of those patients making concurrent antibodies were gathered. RESULTS: Concurrent blood group antibodies were found in 23.9% (45/188) of alloimmunized patients, constituting 40.7% (100/246) of all antibodies. The most common alloantibody pair were anti-E/-c and anti-C/-e. The mean transfused RBC units, mean interval, and mean transfusion frequencies before detection of two or more antibodies were 2.4 units, 92 days, and 2.4 times, respectively. The majority of alloantibody pairs appeared and were undetectable at the same time. Among 45 patients (mean age 55.9 years, range 32 to 82 years), twenty-six (57.8%) were female and the remaining nineteen were male. Non-hematological malignancy accounted for a major share (26.7%) in the underlying disease. CONCLUSION: Antibody concurrence varied by BG antigenic specificity. Rh antibodies, in particular anti-E with anti-c appeared to be highly linked. Unlike in Western countries, anti-K was less common in Korea and so the pairs involving this antibody were scarce. More prospective investigations are needed to delineate the immunologic phenomenon of multiple alloimmunization.
Antibodies ; Epitopes ; Female ; Humans ; Isoantibodies ; Korea ; Male ; Mass Screening

BACKGROUND: Despite modern advances in laboratory automated medicine, work-process in the blood bank is still handled manually. Several automated immunohematological instruments have been developed and are available in the market. The IH-1000 (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA), a fully automated instrument for immunohematology, was recently introduced. In this study, we evaluated the performance of the IH-1000 for ABO/Rh typing and irregular antibody screening. METHODS: In October 2011, a total of 373 blood samples for ABO/Rh typing and 303 cases for unexpected antibody screening were collected. The IH-1000 was compared to the manual tube and slide methods for ABO/Rh typing and to the microcolumn agglutination method (DiaMed-ID system) for antibody screening. RESULTS: For ABO/Rh typing, concordance rate was 100%. For unexpected antibody screening, positive results for both column agglutination and IH-1000 were observed in 10 cases (four cases of anti-E and c, three of anti-E, one of anti-D, one of anti-M, and one of anti-Xg) and negative results for both were observed in 289 cases. The concordance rate between IH-1000 and column agglutination was 98.7%. Sensitivity and specificity were 90.9% and 99.3%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The automated IH-1000 showed good correlation with the manual tube and slide methods and the microcolumn agglutination method for ABO-RhD typing and irregular antibody screening. The IH-1000 can be used for routine pre-transfusion testing in the blood bank.
Agglutination ; Automation ; Blood Banks ; Isoantibodies ; Mass Screening ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The association rate of antibody with antigen has been reported to be greatly increased by lowering ionic strength. Low-ionic strength salt solution(LISS) method has been used for the detection of various alloantibodies. To investigate the sensitivity of LISS in indirect antiglobulin test, a comparison study of LISS with saline and albumin methods was conducted. A total of 32 patients' samples requested for indirect antiglobulin test were evaluated. Out of 32 patients with clinical immune hemolytic anemia, 11(34.3%) were positive in 37 degrees C saline antiglobulin test, 18(56.2%) in albumin antiglobulin test, 23(71.8%) in LISS antiglobulin test respectively. These results were statistically analyzed using non parametric Page's test for ordered alternatives. LISS method is more sensitive than 37 degrees C saline method or albumin method significantly (p<0.01).
Anemia, Hemolytic ; Coombs Test* ; Humans ; Isoantibodies ; Osmolar Concentration

OBJECTIVE: To establish quantitative surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay for antibodies against human platelet antigen-1a (HPA-1a). METHODS: Recombinant protein was fixed on the chip surface by amino coupling method. SPR assay was used to detect the standard antibodies against HPA-1a at different conceatration. The optimal experimental parameters were determined, and standard curves were constructed with linear regression. Moreover, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and precision of the assay were evaluated. RESULTS: The quantitative SPR assay for HPA-1a antibodies was established. The determination ranges were 0-20 IU, with accuracy (recovery rate) was 97.75%-103.08%. The intra-assay precision [coefficients of variation (CV)] was 3.53%-4.29%, and the inter-assay precision (CV) was 2.08%-4.40%. For specificity test, several kinds of monoclonal and human antibodies against platelet membrane protein were tested and no positive result was observed. CONCLUSION The established quantitative SPR assay for HPA-1a antibodies shows good sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and precision, and this rapid and simple method provides a new reference method for scientific research and clinical antibody detection.
Antigens, Human Platelet ; Blood Platelets ; Humans ; Isoantibodies ; Surface Plasmon Resonance