No abstract available.
Influenza Vaccines* ; Influenza, Human*

No abstract available.
Influenza, Human*

No abstract available.
Influenza, Human*

No abstract available.
Influenza, Human*

No abstract available.
Influenza, Human*

Seasonal and pandemic influenza causes considerable morbidity and mortality globally, but the burden of disease is understudied and underreported in developing countries such as Malaysia. Before considering the cost-effectiveness of introducing interventions such as vaccines to control influenza, it is imperative to determine clinical and socioeconomic impact of the disease. This review summarises the main available literature on human influenza in Malaysia, the possible reasons for the lack of study and awareness of influenza, and important knowledge gaps for future study.
Influenza, Human

Since the outbreak of the novel influenza H1N1 in Mexico in April 2009, more than half a million cases have been recorded with close to 6000 deaths. In contrast to seasonal flu, this virus appears to have a predilection for the young, obese and pregnant. It’s most important and almost fatal complication is Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). ICUs around the world have scrambled to upgrade various treatment modalities including high frequency oscillation ventilation, inotropes, antivirals and antibiotics in an effort to reduce the mortality arising out of this complication. More importantly, this complication appears reversible if adequate and early therapy is instituted. In particular, rescue therapies that allow the lung to rest appear to have brought success in some clinical settings. This article describes the experiences of six centres that have used Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) as rescue therapy in patients having ARDS. ECMO has been instituted in many of these cases not only as a bridge to therapy but also to reduce further barotrauma in these patients. ECMO experiences regarding 2 patients at the University of Michigan, 7 in Canada, 68 patients at Leicester UK, 68 in Australia and New Zealand, 1 in Hong Kong and 2 in Singapore are described. (JUMMEC 2010; 13(2): 80-87)
Influenza, Human

No abstract available.
Influenza, Human*

No abstract available.
Influenza, Human

Background: Influenza is a commonly encountered respiratory tract infection and diagnosis remains to be a challenge. Use of a rapid antigen test may influence decisions on treatment in the emergency room (ER). Objectives: This research aims to determine the effects of rapid influenza antigen test (RIAT) on antimicrobial management of influenza-like illness (ILI) in the ER, determine the clinical profile of pediatric patients with ILI and look into the relationship between RIAT result, symptomatology, and immunization status. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which involved review of charts of 195 pediatric patients with ILI who underwent RIAT (KlintecTM) through a nasopharyngeal swab in the ER of a tertiary hospital from September 2019 to February 2020. Chi-square, Fischer exact test and likelihood ratio were used for data analysis. Results: Most pediatric patients were 7–12 years old males. Majority presented with fever, cough, and colds and underwent RIAT at 2–4 days from onset of illness. About 73.33% of study participants did not receive their yearly influenza vaccine and 70.7% of patients with positive RIAT had no influenza vaccine. There is a lower percentage of vaccinated children who developed cough (86.5% vs. 89.5%) and colds (80.8% vs. 83.2%) when compared with unvaccinated children. RIAT result significantly affected management in terms of antimicrobial prescribing to patients with ILI. Conclusion Influenza presents with non-specific symptoms and vaccination remains a major preventive measure against the disease. The result of RIAT facilitates targeted treatment for influenza and decreases unnecessary antibacterial use, but this should be done with careful thought and interpretation.
Influenza, Human