To evaluate the value of detection of DNA aneuploidy in exfoliated airway epithelia cells of sputum specimens by the automated image cytometry for the identification of lung cancer, 100 patients were divided into patient group (50 patients with lung cancer) and control group (30 patients with tuberculosis and 20 healthy people). Sputum was obtained for the quantitative analysis of DNA content of exfoliated airway epithelial cells with the automated image cytometry, together with the examinations of brush cytology and conventional sputum cytology. Our results showed that DNA aneuploidy (DI>2.5 or 5c) was found in 20 out of 50 sputum samples of lung cancer, 1 out of 30 sputum samples from tuberculosis patients, and none of 20 sputum samples from healthy people. The positive rates of conventional sputum cytology and brush cytology were 16% and 32%, which was lower than that of DNA aneuploidy detection by the automated image cytometry (P<0.01, P>0.05). Our study showed-that automated image cytometry, which uses DNA aneuploidy as a marker for tumor, can detect the malignant cells in sputum samples of lung cancer and it is a sensitive and specific method serving as a complement for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
*Aneuploidy ; DNA, Neoplasm/*analysis ; Image Cytometry/methods ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics ; Lung Neoplasms/*pathology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sputum/*cytology

There are substantial evidence suggesting that DNA content of tumors may provide the prognostic information with independent significances. With the advent of computer and video technology, image analysis becomes a practical method of measuring DNA that also makes it possible to classify cells. Among the patients who were operated and diagnosed as bone tumor at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University Hospital, from March 1992 to March 1995, we evaluated 19 cases by image cytometry and studied them. Among 19 case, 4 cases were fibrous dysplasia, 2 cases chondroma, 3 cases osteosarcoma, 2 cases chondrosarcoma, and 8 cases were metastatic bone tumors. Total benign tumors were 6 cases and malignant tumors were 13 cases. All benign tumors were diploid and all malignant tumors but one metastatic tumor were aneuploid. As a result, DNA quantitation by image analysis is effective in the differential diagnosis of malignancy in bone tumor. It seems that DNA quantitation will be used on the evaluation of tumor staging and prognosis by further clinical study.
Aneuploidy ; Chondroma ; Chondrosarcoma ; Clinical Study ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diploidy ; DNA ; Humans ; Image Cytometry ; Korea ; Methods ; Neoplasm Staging ; Orthopedics ; Osteosarcoma ; Prognosis

OBJECTIVETo discuss the application of automated DNA image cytometry (ICM) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma of bladder.

METHODSFrom August 2008 to March 2009, 60 volunteers with informed consent were divided into two groups, 40 patients proven as urothelial carcinoma of bladder by pathology and 20 healthy individuals as control. Urine was collected and tested by cytology, ICM and FISH.

RESULTSOverall sensitivity of FISH was significantly higher in detection of malignancy than that of ICM (82.5% vs 62.5%, P < 0.05) and that of urine cytology (82.5% vs 25.0%, P < 0.05), while ICM was more sensitive to diagnose urothelial carcinoma of bladder than urine cytology (62.5% vs 25.0%, P < 0.05). Specificities of urine cytology, ICM and FISH were 100% in diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma of bladder (P > 0.05). Sensitivities of urine cytology, ICM and FISH have no correlation with pathological stage (P > 0.05), but have significant correlation with grade (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSICM and FISH have the same specificity as urine cytology in diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma of bladder, but they have significantly higher sensitivity than urine cytology. FISH has the highest sensitivity among three diagnostic methods. Therefore, FISH may become a newly non-invasive technique for the diagnosis and surveillance of urothelial carcinoma of bladder.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Image Cytometry ; methods ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urinary Bladder ; pathology ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology

Aneuploidy ; Animals ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; genetics ; pathology ; DNA, Neoplasm ; analysis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Image Cytometry ; methods ; Neoplasms, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology

To evaluate the value of detection of DNA aneuploidy in exfoliated airway epithelia cells of sputum specimens by the automated image cytometry for the identification of lung cancer, 100 patients were divided into patient group (50 patients with lung cancer) and control group (30 patients with tuberculosis and 20 healthy people). Sputum was obtained for the quantitative analysis of DNA content of exfoliated airway epithelial cells with the automated image cytometry, together with the examinations of brush cytology and conventional sputum cytology. Our results showed that DNA aneuploidy (DI>2.5 or 5c) was found in 20 out of 50 sputum samples of lung cancer, 1 out of 30 sputum samples from tuberculosis patients, and none of 20 sputum samples from healthy people. The positive rates of conventional sputum cytology and brush cytology were 16% and 32%, which was lower than that of DNA aneuploidy detection by the automated image cytometry (P<0.01, P>0.05). Our study showed-that automated image cytometry, which uses DNA aneuploidy as a marker for tumor, can detect the malignant cells in sputum samples of lung cancer and it is a sensitive and specific method serving as a complement for the diagnosis of lung cancer.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aneuploidy ; DNA, Neoplasm ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Image Cytometry ; methods ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sputum ; cytology

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the DNA degradation in cells and postmortem interval. METHODS: Tissue pieces of the heart, liver, spleen and kidney of one corpse (male, 54 years old, died of mechanical injury, PMI of 6h) were obtained in 6, 12, 24, 48 h after death, fixed in Carnoy fluid, and then paraffin sections were prepared, stained with Feulgen and analyzed by Image analysis technology (IAT). Meanwhile the single-cell suspension of tissues of the man was prepared and inspected by FCM after PI stained. RESULTS: The amount of DNA of in heart, liver and kidney of human had a repid degraded in first 6 hours after death, that in the spleen showed a better relationship between DNA degradation and PMI. The results was verified by FCM and IAT. CONCLUSION The degradation of DNA of and human tissues shows a well relationship with PMI, especially in spleen. It is useful in estimation of PMI.
Cell Nucleus/metabolism* ; DNA/metabolism* ; Flow Cytometry ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods* ; Kidney/metabolism* ; Liver/metabolism* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardium/metabolism* ; Postmortem Changes ; Spleen/metabolism* ; Staining and Labeling/methods* ; Time Factors

Determination of postmortem interval (PMI) is one of the most valuable subjects in forensic practice. It, however, is often very difficult to accurately determine the PMI in daily practice. Forensic DNA technology has recently been used to estimate the PMI. It has certain advantage to traditional methods. This article reviews this technology with respect to its invention, development, advantage, disadvantage, and potential future applications with emphasis on correlation of DNA degradation and PMI.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism* ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism* ; DNA/metabolism* ; Flow Cytometry ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Hepatocytes/metabolism* ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods* ; Myocardium/metabolism* ; Postmortem Changes ; Spleen/metabolism* ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo compare the value of conventional cytology and DNA image cytometry (DNA-ICM) assisted cytology in detection and prognostic assessment of cervical CIN lesions.

METHODS87 women were enrolled in this study. Cervical samples were collected employing cervix brushes which were then washed in Sedfix. After preparing single cell suspensions by mechanical procedure, cell monolayers were prepared by cyto-spinning the cells onto microscope slides. Two slides were prepared from each case: one slide was stained by Papanicolou staining for conventional cytology, another was stained by Feulgen-Thionin method for measurements of the amount of DNA in the cell nuclei using an automated DNA imaging cytometer. Biopsies from the cervical lesions were also taken for histopathology and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSOf the total of 20 ASCUS cases called by conventional cytology, no CIN, nor greater lesions were found. Among the 20 cases, 7 cases did not show any cells with DNA amount greater than 5c, while CIN2 lesions were found in 11 of other 13 cases that had some aneuploid cells with DNA amount greater than 5c. Of 30 LSIL cases called by conventional cytology, CIN2 lesions were detected in 3 out of 7 cases that did not contain any aneuploid cells with DNA greater than 5c, but in 22 out of the other 23 cases that contained aneuploid cells with DNA amount greater than > 5c. Of the remaining 7 cases called HSIL by conventional cytology, all case contained aneuploid cells containing DNA greater than 5c. If cytology was used to refer all cases of LSIL and HSIL to colposcopy procedure to detect potential CIN2 or greater lesions, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 58.2%, 84.4%, 86.5% and 54.0%, respectively. If DNA-ICM were used and all cases having 3 or more cells with a DNA amount greater than 5c were assessed to be referred to pathology to detect potential CIN2 or greater lesions, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive were 72.7% , 87.5%, 90.9% and 65.1%, respectively. We also compared Ki67 positive cells in these samples and found that DNA-ICM results were comparable to this biomarker method.

CONCLUSIONThe study demonstrated that DNA-ICM approach can be successfully used to detect significant (i.e. CIN2 or greater) lesions, and also provide a prognostic assessment of CIN lesions.

Aneuploidy ; Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA, Neoplasm ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Image Cytometry ; methods ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ki-67 Antigen ; analysis ; Prognosis ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism

Estimation of postmortem interval (PMI) is one of the difficult problems in forensic medicine. With the development of molecular biological techniques, DNA quantification methods were widely applied in estimating PMI. The postmortem degradation of DNA in different tissues and organs was discussed in this article and the recent DNA quantitative techniques being used for estimating PMI were reviewed. These techniques included single cell gel electrophoresis, Feulgen staining image analysis, flow cytometry.
Animals ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism* ; Comet Assay/methods* ; DNA/analysis* ; DNA Degradation, Necrotic ; Flow Cytometry ; Forensic Pathology ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Kidney/pathology* ; Postmortem Changes ; Rosaniline Dyes ; Spleen/pathology* ; Temperature ; Time Factors