Cryptococcal meningitis(CM)is often seen in immunocompromised patients and has become a global health concern. Elevated intracranial pressure(ICP)is a common complication of CM and often leads to poor prognosis. Monitoring and management of ICP is an important task in CM patients. Invasive intervention is often needed for the elevated ICP in CM patients due to the pathophysiological features of this condition. This article review the recent progress in the diagnosis and treatment of elevated ICP in CM patients.
Humans ; Intracranial Hypertension ; Intracranial Pressure ; Meningitis, Cryptococcal

No abstract available.
Brain Injuries* ; Hypothermia* ; Intracranial Hypertension*

Epidural blood patch (EBP) is one of the treatments for spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), and its complications have rarely been reported. We report a patient with SIH and developed intracranial hypertension after EBP. The mechanism of rebound intracranial hypertension was uncertain. If the patient presented with a different type of headache or newly developed neurological symptoms after treatment of SIH, rebound intracranial hypertension should be considered and the proper treatment needed quickly.
Blood Patch, Epidural* ; Headache ; Humans ; Intracranial Hypertension* ; Intracranial Hypotension*

Changes in cerebral blood flow influence not only the metabolism of the brain but alo brain bulk and hence intracranial pressure. Changes in intracranial dynamics are fundamental to neuroanesthetic practice, and therefore intracranial pressure.
BRAIN ; NEUROPHYSIOLOGY ; INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE ; HYPOXIA, BRAIN ; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION ; PROPOFOL ; SEVOFLURANE

Effect of infusion and bolus injection of lidocaine on the pressure response to the increased intracranial pressure(ICP) was investigated in urethane-anesthetized rabbits. 1) Arterial blood pressure(BP) and ICP were significantly raised by infusing saline(0.05ml/min) into an epidural balloon. 2) Infusing of lidocaine(0.5mg/kg/min) into an ear vein minutely inhibited the elevation of BP and ICP when infusing saline into an epidural balloon. However, infusion of lidocaine(1.5mg/kg/min) markedly inhibited the elevation of BP and ICP. 3) Repeating the infusion of saline into the epidural balloon with intervals, the duration reached to the level of 80-10 mmHg ICP was gradually shortened. Each depressor response to the first, second and third injection of lidocaine(3 mg/kg) was similar. The first injection transiently reduced the elevated ICP, but the second and third injection reduced that significantly and the reducing effect was gradually prolonged according to repeating the lidocaine injection. These results show that lidocaine could delay the elevation of ICP and reduce the previously increased ICP by infusing saline into an epidural balloon.
Ear ; Intracranial Hypertension* ; Lidocaine* ; Rabbits* ; Veins

69 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH) admitted within 24 hours of stroke onset. 14/69 patients (20.3%) with enlarged hematomas after the first CT was performed during 30 minutes at admission and the second within 24-36 hours of admission (33%). Multivariate analyses revealed that the following three factors were independently associated with hematoma enlargement: the time from stroke onset, prothrombin ratio, the shape of hematoma. Hematoma enlargement was an independent factor increasing the mortality rate in the HICH patients
Hematoma ; Diagnosis ; Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive ; Hypertension

Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ; pathology ; Humans ; Intracranial Hypertension

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension,also known as pseudotumor cerebri,is a syndrome characterized by raised intracranial pressure of unknown cause.These patients present normal neuroimaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis while increased intracranial pressure and associated symptoms and signs.Delay of treatment can cause severe visual impairment.There are some new understandings of this disease,and we will review the pathogenesis,diagnosis,and treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
Humans ; Intracranial Hypertension ; Neuroimaging ; Pseudotumor Cerebri/therapy*

Humans ; Pseudotumor Cerebri/therapy* ; Intracranial Hypertension/therapy*

High-quality clinical evidence, derived from well-designed and implemented clinical trials, serves to advance clinical care and to allow physicians to provide the most effective treatments to their patients. The field of ophthalmology, including the subspecialty of neuro-ophthalmology, abounds with such high-quality clinical trials that provide Level 1 clinical evidence. This review article summarizes the research design, key findings, and clinical relevance of select monumental clinical studies in neuro-ophthalmology with the primary goal of providing the readers with the rationale for current standard of care of various neuro-ophthalmic diseases. This includes the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial, Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial, Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Treatment Trial, Rescue of Hereditary Optic Disease Outpatient Study, and Controlled High-Risk Avonex® Multiple Sclerosis Study
Optic Neuritis ; Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic ; Intracranial Hypertension