Introduction: Pulse oximetry is frequently utilized as a rapid, non-invasive, point-of-care alternative to arterial blood gas analysis in measuring oxygen saturation of children with pneumonia. Objectives: To compare portable fingertip pulse oximetry saturation (SpO2PF), handheld pulse oximetry saturation (SpO2H) and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) in detection of hypoxemia, and correlate hypoxemia with clinical features in children with pneumonia. Methodology: This was a prospective, observational, cross-sectional study involving patients 3 months to 5 years old with pneumonia. Oxygen saturation was measured using a portable fingertip pulse oximeter, a handheld pulse oximeter, and arterial blood gas analysis. Results: Eighty-six children were included. SpO2 PF underestimated oxygen levels by 0.126% (95% CI -0.240 to 0.491), while SpO2H underestimated it by 0.323% (95% CI -0.075 to 0.721). Between portable and handheld readings, the mean difference was 0.198% (95% CI -0.089 to 0.484). Across the three methods, limits of agreement ranged from -3.388 to +4.035%. There was no statistically significant difference in variance among the three measurements. Children with tachypnea (cOR 2.623, 95% CI 1.06 – 6.48, p = 0.037), difficulty breathing (cOR 6.316, 95% CI 1.96 – 20.34, p = 0.002), and subcostal retractions (cOR 2.842, 95% CI 1.05 to 7.69, p = 0.040) were more likely to have hypoxemia. Conclusion Pulse oximetry closely correlates with arterial blood gas analysis within acceptable limits of agreement and with no significant differences in variance among measurements. Difficulty breathing, tachypnea and subcostal retractions were significantly more likely to be observed in hypoxemic children.
Oximetry ; Hypoxia

Hypoxic/ischemic brain damage is well-known catastrophic injury. The specific treatment, socalled neuroprotective therapy, aims to prevent or diminish this havoc damage. However, approved neuroprotective therapy in clinical practice is limited. Targeted temperature management (TTM) shows the most promising neuroprotective therapy. Moreover, TTM is also useful for intracranial pressure (ICP) control. Many methods of TTM have been reported. TTM can apply to several clinical conditions associated with hypoxic/ischemic brain injury or elevated intracranial pressure.
Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; Hypoxia, Brain

No abstract available.
Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain*

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain*

No abstract available.
Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain*

No abstract available.
Hypothermia* ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain*

Humans ; Hypoxia ; Liver Cirrhosis

Objective: To determine antibiotic treatment failure rate and predictors of treatment failure in children 2 to-59 months with Pediatric Community Acquired Pneumonia-C (PCAP-C) and PCAP-D admitted at Makati Medical Center. Methods: This prospective cohort study examined 100 children, 2-to-59 months with clinically diagnosed PCAP-C and PCAP-D. Baseline assessment was done on day 1 of hospital stay and follow-up assessments were done on days 3 and 7 or upon discharge for the outcomes of interest. Results: One hundred children were included in the study and 98% had PCAP-C. This study identified a treatment failure rate of 17% among children with PCAP-C. There was no mortality. Malnutrition and low oxygen saturation on admission were significant predictors of treatment failure. Conclusion Antibiotic treatment failure rate was 17%. Malnutrition and hypoxia were significant predictors of treatment failure in children with PCAPC.
Pneumonia ; Malnutrition ; Hypoxia

Hypoxia could not only induce tumor chemoradiotherapeutic resistance, but also cause strong invasiveness which make tumor inclined to recurrence and metastasis. With regard to the detection of oxygenation condition in tumor tissue, there are many methods, but each has its advantages and disadvantages. Accurate monitoring of tumor oxygenation state plays an important role in therapeutic schedule formulation and implementation which would improve curative effect of tumor.
Animals ; Cell Hypoxia ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Neoplasms ; blood ; Oximetry ; methods

No abstract available.
Corpus Callosum* ; Diffusion* ; Hypoxia, Brain*