Antioxidants ; therapeutic use ; Fatty Liver ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Metformin ; therapeutic use ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds ; therapeutic use ; Vitamin E ; therapeutic use

Humans ; Incretins/therapeutic use* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy* ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use* ; Risk Assessment

Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use* ; Insulin Resistance ; Metformin/therapeutic use* ; Phosphatidate Phosphatase ; Pioglitazone/therapeutic use* ; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/genetics*

No abstract available.
Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal/*therapeutic use ; Endometrial Hyperplasia/*drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Megestrol Acetate/*therapeutic use ; Metformin/*therapeutic use

Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antioxidants ; therapeutic use ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Herbal Medicine ; methods ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; therapeutic use

Antipsychotic Agents ; adverse effects ; Child ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Metabolic Syndrome ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Metformin ; therapeutic use ; Weight Gain

Natural products have gained popularity worldwide for promoting healthcare, as well as disease prevention. Alkaloids are important chemical compounds that serve as a rich reservoir for drug discovery. Several alkaloids isolated from natural herbs exhibit antiproliferation, antibacterial, antiviral, insecticidal, and antimetastatic effects on various types of cancers both in vitro and in vivo. This paper focuses on the naturally-derived alkaloids such as berberine, matrine, piperine, fritillarine, and rhynchophylline, etc., and summarizes the action mechanisms of these compounds. Based on the information in the literature that is summarized in this paper, the use of alkaloids as drugs is very promising, but more research and clinical trials are necessary before final recommendations on specific alkaloids can be made. Following this, it is hoped that as a result of this review, there will be a greater awareness of the excellent promise that natural alkaloids show for use in the therapy of diseases.
Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Biological Products ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Plants ; chemistry ; Porifera ; chemistry

Tasmayi (mumie, shilajit) is a pale brown to black substance which leaks from the layers of rocks in many mountain ranges during the warm summer months. In traditional Kazakh medicine, it is used for the treatment of bone fracture and many inflammatory ailments. It is also used as a remedy in the traditional medical systems of many countries such as India, Russia and Kazakhstan. According to the literatures, Tasmayi possesses anti-inflammatory, antiulcerogenic, antibacterial, free radical scavenging, antioxidative, memory enhancing, antidiabetic, antistress, antiallergic, immunomodulative, anti AIDS, anabolic and regeneration stimulating activities. The major physiological action of Tasmayi could be belonging to the presence of dibenzo-alpha-pyrones along with humic and fulvic acids.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Biomedical Research ; methods ; trends ; Free Radical Scavengers ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; therapeutic use ; India ; Kazakhstan ; Medicine, Traditional ; methods ; trends ; Minerals ; therapeutic use ; Resins, Plant ; therapeutic use ; Russia

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms/*mortality ; Diabetes Mellitus/*drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Male ; Metformin/*therapeutic use

Although various basal-bolus insulin therapy (BBIT) protocols have been used in the clinical environment, safer and more effective BBIT protocols are required for glucose control in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Modeling approaches could provide an evaluation environment for developing the optimal BBIT protocol prior to clinical trials at low cost and without risk of danger. In this study, an in-silico model was proposed to evaluate subcutaneous BBIT protocols in hospitalized patients with T2D. The proposed model was validated by comparing the BBIT protocol and sliding-scale insulin therapy (SSIT) protocol. The model was utilized for in-silico trials to compare the protocols of adjusting basal-insulin dose (BBIT1) versus adjusting total-daily-insulin dose (BBIT2). The model was also used to evaluate two different initial total-daily-insulin doses for various levels of renal function. The BBIT outcomes were superior to those of SSIT, which is consistent with earlier studies. BBIT2 also outperformed BBIT1, producing a decreased daily mean glucose level and longer time-in-target-range. Moreover, with a standard dose, the overall daily mean glucose levels reached the target range faster than with a reduced-dose for all degrees of renal function. The in-silico studies demonstrated several significant findings, including that the adjustment of total-daily-insulin dose is more effective than changes to basal-insulin dose alone. This research represents a first step toward the eventual development of an advanced model for evaluating various BBIT protocols.
Blood Glucose/analysis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*drug therapy ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/*therapeutic use ; Insulin/*therapeutic use ; Models, Theoretical