Objective: This study aimed to determine the energy density and satiety of meals based on the healthy food plate model for Filipino adults. Methods: Thirteen healthy adult volunteers consumed breakfast test meals consisting of 1 cup go food, ½ cup grow food and 1 ½ cups glow food, following the recommended proportions in the plate model. Energy density (kcal/g) of the test meals was calculated. Feelings of hunger and fullness were assessed with 100-mm visual analogue scales (VAS) at pre-prandial (0 minute) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 240 minutes postprandial. Ghrelin levels at 0, 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 minutes were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Results: The test meals had an average energy density of 0.83 kcal/g. Hunger and fullness scores gradually changed with time but hunger remained significantly lower and fullness significantly higher than the pre-prandial levels at 180 minutes postprandial. Ghrelin declined after intake of the test meals and stayed significantly lower than the pre-prandial level at 240 minutes postprandial (30.21 ± 4.58 pmol/L). Conclusion Meals following the recommendations in the healthy food plate model for Filipino adults have low energy density and its consumption sustained short-term satiety.
Ghrelin ; Hunger

Esophageal duplication is the congenital developmental anomaly manifestated as cystic or tubular type. The tubular esophageal duplication found at adult is extremely rare. A patient with tubular esophageal duplication is reported. A 37 years old male developed epigastric pain aggravated at hunger state from 2 monthes before administration. Gastrofiberscopy was done, and we could found the tubular esophageal duplication at 25 cm from incisiors. Esophagogram exposed the tunnel communicated with right anterior side of normal esophagus at upper and lower part of the tubular pathway with the length of 6 cm at T4-5 level. The microscopic finding of the tubular lumen revealed normal esophageal wall structure involving the outer part of muscle layer. Surgical resection was not done for the lesion was small and no symptom due to esophageal duplication was present. And so, the authors report this case as a tubular esophageal duplication with a literature review.
Adult ; Esophagus ; Humans ; Hunger ; Male

The objectives of this study were to (a) examine the users' characteristics of both government-dominant and non-governmental food bank programs, (b) understand the supporting quality of the food bank program, and (c) analyse the effectiveness of the programs from the users' perspectives. The random samples of 120 food bank operators were selected by proportionate stratified random sampling method and from each food bank, 3 users were selected for the survey. A total of 205 users were participated in this survey. The main results of this study were as follows; Average profile of food bank users were 58 year old, female, livelihood protectee (56.6%). Food assistance frequency were mostly once a week (34.1%), and everyday (22.4%). The survey also showed that non-governmental food banks delivered the food directly to the 42.7% of users, otherwise the users of government-dominant ones went to the food bank to receive the foods. Most of the donated foods were cooked food (50.0%), and the users also wanted to receive that kinds of food. Saving food expenses (55.6%) and overcoming hunger (16.6%) were found as the effectiveness to the users.
Female ; Food Assistance ; Humans ; Hunger ; Middle Aged

In an attempt to evaluate the efficacy ef cimetidine in treatment of erosive gastritis, a praspective study wras done in 9 cases of heworrhagie gastritia, 4 cases yunctiform gastritis, 9 caees verrueous gastritia, and 9 caseis mixed type, Four hundred mg of cimetidine was given in the morning and at bedtime for 3 weeks. Evaluation ef the efficacy was assessed by clinical syinptoms acoring and by endoscopic findings of erosion before treatment, on the 8th day, on the 15th day, and on the 22th day of treatment in all patients. The results were as follows; 1) Clinical sytnptoms in patients with erosive gastritis were epigastric discamfortness(83. 9%), heart burn(80. 0%), indigestion(77, 6%), hunger pain(74.2%), belching(71.0%), anotexla (48.4%) and nausea(45.5%). There was no differenees of symptoms among the type of erosion. 2) Percent decrease in clinical eyxeptoms were; 45% on the 8th day, 68% on the 15th day, 81% on the 22th day of treatment. Ciinical symptoms in patients with punetiform gastritis lasted longer than other typea. 3) Disappearance of the gastric mucossl erosion was seen in 8 cases of hemorrhagic gastritis, 6 case of mixed type, 5 cases of verruceous gastritis, 2 cases of punctiform gastritis, and overall 21 Cases(67.7%) on the 22th day of treatment, endoscopieally. Faur eases af punctiform gastritis were transformed into verrueous gastritis during the treatment. 4) Disappearance of the erosion was observed more frequently in the mueosa of oxyntic area than that of antrum. This study suggests that cimetidine appears to be effective for relief of elinical symptoms in patients with erosive gastritis, and for treatment of hemorrhagic gastritis and erosions in the mucosa of oxyntic area,
Cimetidine* ; Gastritis* ; Heart ; Humans ; Hunger ; Mucous Membrane

BACKGROUND: Electronic Donor Health Questionnaire (e-DHQ) could prevent omissions in filling in the questionnaire. Compared with the paper Donor Health Questionnaire (p-DHQ), it can expect honest answers from donors to the questions relating to high risk behaviors. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of e-DHQ on the answers from donors by analyzing variations of the reasons for deferral after the introduction of e-DHQ to the Korean Red Cross (KRC). METHODS: The reasons for deferral determined by p-DHQ in 2008~2011 and by e-DHQ in 2011~2014, which have been accumulated in the database of the Blood Information Management System in KRC, were analyzed and compared. RESULTS: The results showed that the deferral rates for the general health status and medication taken were 0.47% (P=0.0100) and 0.16% (P=0.0103) higher in e-DHQ than in p-DHQ. In particular, for questions including hunger, lack of sleep, fatigue, endoscopy, dental treatment, surgery, tattoo, and acupuncture, the proportion of answers was higher in e-DHQ than in p-DHQ. CONCLUSION: The deferral rates for general health status and medication taken increased after the implementation of e-DHQ. The rate of deferral by some details of general health status, medical treatment for recent one month, and history for recent one year also increased because e-DHQ induced donors to give straightforward answers. e-DHQ is expected to contribute to the strengthening of health protection of blood donors and recipients. However the questions relating to high risk behaviors should be reformed so that honest answers can be induced from donors.
Acupuncture ; Blood Donors ; Endoscopy ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Hunger ; Information Management ; Red Cross ; Risk-Taking ; Tissue Donors*

The hypothesis of this study was that greater sugar consumption at breakfast promotes a stronger sensation of hunger and a later increase in energy consumption. The objective was to assess the relation between sugar consumption in a meal and the subsequent sensations of hunger and ad libitum food consumption. Sixteen women consumed a breakfast accompanied by 2 drinks sweetened ad libitum with sugar. After 3 h, a lunch was offered to evaluate ad libitum food consumption. During the period from breakfast to lunch, hunger sensations were evaluated at 30 min intervals. Women were divided according to the median amount of sugar used to sweeten the breakfast drinks (20 g). The group who consumed sugar above the median showed a greater hunger sensation in the preprandial period, and a greater ad libitum intake at lunch (390 +/- 130 g x 256 +/- 67 g, P = 0.002), compared to the group who had a lower sugar consumption. The amount of sugar consumed at breakfast was correlated positively with the sensation of preprandial hunger and food intake at lunch. We concluded that foods with a high glycemic index can modulate the appetite within a short period of time.
Appetite ; Breakfast ; Eating ; Female ; Glycemic Index ; Humans ; Hunger ; Lunch ; Meals ; Sensation

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between health locus of control(HLOC) and eating behavior in obese middle school girls. METHOD: The sample consisted of 170 obese middle school girls in Seoul. RESULT: 1. The average scores of HLOC were HLOC-Internal ; 4.11, HLOC-External ; 2.45, HLOC-Chance ; 2.09. 2. The average scores of eating behavior factors were Disinhibition ; 2.69, Dietary Restraint ; 2.67, Hunger ; 2.55. 3.The HLOC-Internal and eating behavior(dietary restraint and hunger) were correlated positively. The HLOC-Chance and disinhibition was correlated positively. But HLOC-Chance and dietary restraint was correlated negatively. The HLOC-External and eating behavior(dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger) were correlated positively. 4. There was not a significant difference in HLOC depending on the demographic characteristics(grade, degree of obesity, father & mother's body shape, existence of obese sibling). There were significant differences in HLOC-Internal and HLOC-External according to thinking about oneself who is obese or not. 5. There was not a significant difference in eating behavior depending on the demographic characteristics(grade, degree of obesity, father & mother's body shape, existence of obese sibling, perception of oneself as a obese). CONCLUSION: This study has shown a correlation between HLOC and eating behavior. As a result of these findings, clinical and school nurses should be involved in management and counselling of obese girls concerning individual health locus of control and eating behavior.
Eating* ; Fathers ; Feeding Behavior* ; Female* ; Humans ; Hunger ; Internal-External Control* ; Obesity ; Seoul ; Siblings ; Thinking ; Child Health

Backgrounds: The purpose of fasting before surgery is to minimize the volume of gastric contents. A short fast after solid food increases gastric volume, but a small drink of clear fluid 2 to 3 hours preoperatively decreases gastric volume. This investigation examined the effects of a small drink of clear fruit juice 2 to 3 hours prior to anesthesia on gastric volume, gastric pH, thirst and hunger. METHODS: Two hundred eighty children whose ages were five to ten years, scheduled for elective surgery were randomly assigned to one of 7 groups. Group 1 continued to fast but in the other 6 groups the children drank 2 ml/kg, 3 ml/kg, or 4 ml/kg of clear fruit juice (orange or grape) 2 to 3 hours preoperatively. The degree of thirsty and hunger was checked. The volume of gastric contents was measured by syringe and the pH by pH meter. RESULTS: The children who drank fruit juice preoperatively had decreased gastric volume. The gastric pH was not significantly different with that of the control group. The degree of thirst and hunger was not significantly different with that of the control group. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that a small drink of fruit juice 2 to 3 hours preoperatively is more preferable than 8 hours fasting.
Anesthesia ; Child* ; Fasting ; Fruit* ; Humans ; Hunger ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration* ; Syringes ; Thirst

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between health locus of control (HLOC) and the eating behaviors in obese high school girls. The sample consisted of 262 obese high school girls in Seoul and Kangwon-Do. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The average scores of HLOC were HLOC- Internal; 4.06, HLOC-External; 2.47, and HLOC-Chance; 2.15. 2. The average scores of eating behavior factors were Disinhibition ; 2.91, Hunger ; 2.73, Dietary Restraint ; 2.55. 3. The HLOC-Internal and eating behavior (dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger) were correlated positively. The HLOC- Chance and hunger was correlated positively. But HLOC-Chance and other eating behavior factors (dietary restraint & disinhibition) were not correlated in the level of statistical significances. The HLOC-External and eating behavior (dietary restraint, disinhibition and hunger) were correlated positively. 4. There was not a significant difference in HLOC depending on the existence of an obese sibling. There were significant differences in HLOC-Internal and HLOC- External depending on the evaluation of one's body figure. 5. There were significant differences in disinhibition and hunger depending on the existence of obese sibling. Also, there were significant difference in dietary restraint according to self perception of who is obese or not (t=3.342, p=.001). This study has shown a correlation between HLOC and eating behavior. As a result of these findings, clinical and school nurses should be involved in management and counselling obese girls concerning individual health locus of control and eating behavior.
Eating* ; Feeding Behavior* ; Female* ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Hunger ; Internal-External Control* ; Self Concept ; Seoul ; Siblings

No abstract available.
*Gastric Bypass ; Humans ; Hunger/*physiology ; Motilin/*blood ; Obesity/*blood/physiopathology/*surgery