0.05). The microhardness values of three test groups were higher than those of three control groups(P 0.05 ).Conclusion:Lanthanum chloride solution at 0.1 g/L has the same remineralization effect to 0.5 and 2.0 g/L in deciduous teeth with artificial enamel caries.

The present study is designed to investigate the histochemical changes of cholinesterase, norepinephrine in nuc. Supraopticus and locus coeruleus of rats following electo-acupuncture and their possible relation to pain threshold. The preliminary results indicated that the elevation of pain threshold following electro-acupuncture concomittantly with increase in histochemical reaction of cholinesterase, and norepinephrine both in nuc. Supraopticus and locus coeruleus of electro-acupunctured rats. The increase in intensity was shown to be correlated with the elevation of pain threshold. The intensity of increased cholinesterase activity was more obvious in the animals with pain threshold elevated for above two folds than those elevated only one fold. On the other hand, the higher intensity of norepinephrine was obser ed in locus coeruleus with one fold of elevation of pain threshold. The significance of the changes in these two nuclei and their possibld function were briefly discussed.

Objective To observe the inhibitive effect of electro-acupuncture (EA)at Zusanli points (ST36)on inflammatory mediators of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions and study the relationship between EA and cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.Methods Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups (each =8):Group A (control),Group B(abdominal adhesions model),Group C (abdominal adhesions plus EA),Group D(sham acu-point control),Group E (abdominal adhesions plus α-bungarotoxin )and Group F (abdominal adhesions plus EA after α-bungarotoxin).Animal models of abdominal adhesion were produced by Chiang’s path.Bilateral Zusanli points (ST36) and shame acupoints were electro-acupunctured at a constant voltage for 1 hour while rats were awake.The ɑ-BGT(1 μg/kg)was injected into the abdominal cavity after surgery.All the rats were sacrificed on the 3rd day,and the levels of inflammatory mediators (TNF-ɑ,NO and NOS)in tissues were evaluated.Results Three days after surgery,the damaged cecum of abdominal adhesion groups developed obvious edema that did not adhere with other tissues.Compared with sham control,the abdominal adhesion resulted in significant elevation of inflammatory mediators (TNF-ɑ,NO and NOS).EA at Zusanli points obviously lowered the elevated levels of inflammatory mediators (P <0.01 and P <0.05).EA at Zusanli points following the injection of ɑ-BGT showed less anti-inflammatory effect(P <0.01).Conclusion EA at Zusanli points significantly lowers the elevated levels of inflammatory mediators after abdominal adhesion challenge.The activation of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway might be one of the mechanisms by which Zusanli points exert anti-inflammatory effects.

Objective To study dose-response relationship and screen the optimized fractionated irradiation schedules in subclinical tumors of malignant glioma.Methods Balb/c-nude mice bearing human malignant glioma xenograft were assigned randomly into control group,fractionated irradiation schedules group and nimotuzumab-conventional fraction group.The fractionated schedules were 200 cGy x 5f/w,300 cGy ×5f/w,160 cGy ×2f/d x5 d and 400 cGy ×3f/w with total dose of 40 Gy and 60 Gy,respectively.Measurement indexes were tumor-forming rate,average recurrence time and maximum diameter of the tumor bottom.The observation lasted 24 weeks.Results With the total dose of 40 Gy,none of the significant long-term tumor regression were detected in any fractionated irradiation schedules; 400 cGy x 3f/w with complete tumor response at the end of treatment showed a better short-term curative effect.With the total dose of 60 Gy,long-term control rate of each fractionated irradiation schedule group was improved with prolonged average recurrence time of varable degrees,except 200 cGy x 5f/w fractionated schedule (tumor formation rate was 100％ at the end of treatment and average recurrence time was the poorest of 108 d).160 cGy × 2f/d × 5 d fractionated schedule showed the best curative effect with no tumor formation in 2 of 8 mice and longest recurrence time of 143 d.300 cGy x 5f/w fractionated schedule ranked second with no tumor formation in 1 of 8 mice and average recurrence time was 137 d.400 cGy x 3f/w fractionated schedule produced the poorest outcome with no case cured.There were no significant changes in the tumor-forming rate or average recurrence time when nimotuzumab was concurrently used for subclinical tumors of malignant glioma with total dose of 60 Gy.Conclusions Conventional fractionated irradiation is not the best option to control the sustained growth.160 cGy ×2f/d ×5 d and 300 cGy × 5f/w might be the optimized fractionated irradiation schedules for subclinical tumors of malignant glioma.

Objective To evaluate the radiobiological effect of different irradiation fractionated regimens in human glioma cells ( BT 325 cell line). Methods The xenografts in Balb/c-nude mice were irradiated with different single and fractionated regimens. The single fraction dose was 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60 Gy, respectively. The fractionated regimens were 2 Gy × 5 fractions ( irradiated every day), and 3 Gy ×3 fractions (irradiated every other day), 3 Gy × 5 fractions (irradiated every day) and 4 Gy × 3 fractions (irradiated every other day), with total doses of 125 Gy, 114 Gy, 126 Gy and 112 Gy, respectively. The growth curve was used to evaluate the tumor doubling time. clonogenic assays was performed to draw the cell survival curve and analyze the radiobiological parameters with doses of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 Gy. T1/2 was measured by comet assay. Results Tumor regression were not observed by single fraction irradiation, 2 Gy × 5 fractons and 3 Gy × 3 fractions irradiation regimens. The tumor regress was more significant with the increas of fraction dose. The 4 Gy × 3 fractionrs inhibited tumor more though not curing tumor. The cell doubling time of the BT 325 cell was 30. 16 h and the tumor doubling time of the xenograft was 43 days.When fitted with L-Q model ,α was 0. 36 Gy -1 and β was 0. 057 Gy -2. When fitted with the single-hit multitarget model, D0 was 1. 394 Gy, Dq was 2. 127 Gy and SF2 was 0. 714, respectively. The T1/2 was 9. 999min. Conclusions Glioma is a radioresistant tumor. Increase of the fraction dose improves recent effect.Further study is needed to control the tumor stem cells.

Objective:To construct a replication-deficient adenovirus carrying p16 gene and to investigate its anti-tumor activity on human gastric cancer xenografts in nude mice.Methods:p16 cDNA was amplified by PCR and was inserted into the plasmid pSuCMV,the latter was then used to recombine the replication-deficient adenovirus AdCMV-p16 in 293 cells.Human SGC-7901 gastric cancer xenograft models were established in nude mice and were divided into 3 groups:AdCMV-p16,Ad-LacZ,and control groups.Mice in AdCMV-p16 group received intratumoral injections of 2?108 pfu/100 l AdCMV-p16(injected every other day for 5 times).Mice in control group received the same volume of virus preserving solution.The tumor volumes were measured at predefined time points.The anti-tumor effect of AdCMV-p16 was observed by p16 immunochemical study and TUNEL detection of cell apoptosis.Results:The replication-deficient adenovirus expressing p16 gene evidently inhibited the growth of human gastric cancer xenografts in nude mice(P0.05),only with a inhibition rate of 4.26%.The pathological examination showed that apoptoses were the main changes in AdCMV-p16 group,and p16 gene was found in the cancer cells.Conclusion:The replication-deficient adenovirus harboring p16 gene can recover the expression of p16 in gastric cancer cells and subsequently inhibit the growth of human gastric cancer.

Objective To build a multi-system chain transitional care programme for postpartum pelvic floor training and test its effect.Methods By a prospective randomized controlled trial,the study group (n=60) received a multi-system chain transitional care programme which consisted of ward nurse,home visiting doctor,post-natal care clinic doctor,pelvic floor doctor and pelvic floor nurse.The control group(n=60) received routine care.The pelvic floor muscle strength,sexual function and patient satisfaction of baseline,on the 42th days,3rd months and 6th months were compared between two groups by short-term follow-up.Results There was no difference in baseline consisting of age,gestational weeks,birth weight and so on between groups.Participants in the study group had significantly better improvement and score in pelvic floor muscle strength,sexual thoughts,sexual arousal,sexual psychopathy and problems affecting sexual function.There was no difference in score of sexual pleasure and ejaculation time between two groups.Conclusions This study was an original effort to establish and evaluate a multi-system chain transitional care program for postpartum pelvic floor training.Results demonstrated that this transitional care was effective in improving pelvic floor function.

Objective To compare the diuretic efficacy of torasemide as a 2-hour continuous infusion and as a bolus injection of equal dose in patients with nephrotic syndrome,and to investigate a preferable administration mode of torasemide for these patients.Methods Twenty-three hospitalized patients were randomized to receive torasemide 20 mg or 40 mg per day by either 2-hour intravenous infusion or bolus injection,and interchanged after 48 hours of washout.Results Patients received torasemide by 2-hour intravenous infusion exhibited significantly higher daily urinary volume,chloride excretion,sodium excretion and fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) within 24 hours than those by bolus injection (P ＜ 0.05).Significantly lower bound-state torasemide excretion,higher ratio of urinary volume to torasemide excretion and a markedly larger area under the curve in the plasma concentrationtime profiles were also observed in the infusion group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion 2-hour continuous infusion delivers a better diuretic effect compared with a bolus injection of equal dose of torasemide in patients with nephrotic syndrome.

Objective:To explore the clinical features and prognostic related factors of B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders unclassified (B-CLPD-U).Methods:The clinical data of 39 patients diagnosed with B-CLPD-U in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from January 2012 to January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were regularly treated with COP regimen (30 cases) or fludarabine regimen (9 cases). The χ 2 test was used to analyze the relationship between the clinical characteristics and the efficacy of the patients. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis and the log-rank test was used for single factor analysis. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used for multivariate analysis, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the value of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in prognostic evaluation. Results:Among 39 patients, there were 24 males and 15 females, and the median age was 60 years old (37-78 years old). The international prognostic index (IPI) score was 0 to 2 in 19 cases (48.7%), and 3 to 5 in 20 cases (51.3%). The overall response rate (complete remission plus partial remission) rate (ORR) of the patients was 82.1% (32/39). The ORR of patients with normal lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (≤ 245 U/L) was higher than that of patients with elevated LDH (> 245 U/L). The ORR of patients with Ann Arbor stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ was higher than that of patients with stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, and the differences were statistically significant [95.5% (21/22) vs. 64.7% (11/17), 100.0% (15/15) vs. 70.8% (17/24), all P < 0.05]. At the end of the follow-up in October 2019, 31 cases (79.5%) survived and 8 cases (20.5%) died of 39 patients; the median overall survival(OS) time was 40.0 months (95% CI 36.0-55.2 months). Univariate analysis showed that patients with elevated LDH and age over 60 years had poor OS, and the difference was statistically significant (all P <0.05), while there were no statistically significant differences in OS between patients with gender, Ann Arbor staging, IPI score, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-Performance Status (ECOG-PS) score, anemia, B symptoms, COP-based chemotherapy or fludarabine-based chemotherapy, and different absolute lymphocyte (ALC) stratification (all P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that LDH level ( HR = 0.411, 95% CI 0.172-0.981, P = 0.045) and age ( HR = 2.242, 95% CI 1.045-4.808, P = 0.038) were independent influencing factors of OS (both P < 0.05). The median PLR was 59.07 (1.18-276.26). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for PLR to predict OS was 0.565. Conclusion:B-CLPD-U is more common in middle-aged and elderly patients, and it is more commonly found in men than women. Elevated LDH and age over 60 years are independent risk factors for survival of patients with B-CLPD-U. The evaluation of sensitivity and specificity of the prognosis in B-CLPD-U patients by using PLR will be not that ideal.

Objective: To explore the role of ROCK1 in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) induced podocyte injury and its possible mechanism. Methods: The conditionally immortalized mouse podocyte cells were cultured in vitro and exposed to 20 μg/ml ox-LDL for 24 h. Western blotting was used to analyze the expression level of p-MYPT, nephrin, LC3-Ⅱ, p62, p-ULK1 in groups of control, ox-LDL, ROCK1 siRNA with ox-LDL, wtROCK1 with ox-LDL. Podocytes were incubated with DiI labeled ox-LDL for 4 h and fluorescence microscope was used to analyze lipid distribution. Results: Compared with control group, ox-LDL increased cell cholesterol accumulation, activated ROCK along with decreased nephrin, LC3-Ⅱ(P<0.05), and increased p62, and p-ULK1 expression (P<0.05). Over-expression of ROCK1 significantly decreased the expression of nephrin and LC3-Ⅱ, but up-regulated the levels of p62, p-ULK1 and cell cholesterol accumulation in ox-LDL stimulated podocytes (P<0.05). In contrast, Inhibition of ROCK1 protected podocyte by improved lipophagy. Conclusion ROCK1 mediated disfunction of lipophagy contributes to the ox-LDL induced podocyte injury.