Aim To investigate the effect of iontophoresis on skin permeation of defibrase. Methods Iontophoresis was carried out in side-by-side chambers, excised rat skin membrane (RSM) or human epidermis membrane (HEM). The effects of electrode polarity, permeation medium pH and ionic strength were evaluated. Results Permeation of defibrase caused by anodal iontophoresis was more effective [the apparent permeability coefficient was (1.2±0.4)×10-4 cm·h-1] than that of cathodal iontophoresis[(4.3±1.4)×10-5 cm·h-1]. The amount of permeated defibrase caused by anodal iontophoresis in pH 7.4 medium was (25±5)×10-14 mol·cm-2, which was higher than that of in pH 6.4 permeation medium [(15±4)×10-14 mol·cm-2]. Conclusion Iontophoresis could enhance skin permeation of defibrase. Electroosmotic flow effect played an important role.

Facing the lack of the health service management professionals'vocational adaptability in medical college,we should improve their ability of professional practice,communication skills,professional knowledge and awareness of social responsibility in order to achieve the training objectives.

0.05).Expression of CD25and CD69on CD8 + T cells was significantly higher in patients(16.30%?5.97%and32.61%?6.36%)than that in control group(9.21%?2.14%and10.03%?2.35%)(P

Objective To investigate the relationship between the efficacy of autologous epidermal grafting and the levels of epidermal cytokines in vitiligo. Methods A total of 57 patients with stable vitiligo receiving autologous epidermal grafting were included in this study. Before grafting, 17 patients were irradiated with narrow-band UVB on vitiliginous sites. Suction blister fluid was collected from the recipient site (vitiligous lesions) and donor site (normal skin) in these patients (including the 17 patients irradiated with NB-UVB). ELISA was used to detect the levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1 ) and stem cell factors (SCF) in suction blister fluid. Clinical efficacy was evaluated through a 3-month follow-up. Resttlts Among these 57 patients, 45 successfully responded to autologous epidermal grafting. In these 45 patients, the levels of ET-1 and SCF in vitiligous lesions were 728.97±286.12 ng/L and 329.97±114.13 ng/L respectively, significantly higher than those in nomal skin (503.16±251.44 ng/L, 224.73±107.91 ng/L, t = 5.443, 5.897, respectively, both P < 0.05 ). In those who responded poorly, significant difference was also observed in the level of SCF between the normal skin and vitiligous lesions (309.00±163.89 ng/L vs 204.22±83.25 ng/L, t = 3.03, P < 0.05), but not in the level of ET-1. Increased level of ET-1 was observed in both vitiligous lesions and normal skin of patients who responded well compared to those who responded poorly, while no difference was noticed in the level of SCF between these two groups of patients. The level of ET-1 was statistically higher in vitiligous lesions in patients exposed to NB-UVB than in those without exposure (t = 1.44, P > 0.05). In those patients who responded successfully, the level of ET-1 was lower in the 15 patients exposed to NB-UVB compared to the other 30 patients without exposure (548.48±230.22 ng/L vs 794.60±278.72 ng/L, P<0.05); no significant difference in the level of SCF was noted. Conclusions ET-1 and SCF may both play important roles in the repigmentation of vitiligo, with ET-1 exerting a more important role.

Objective To investigate the effect of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin on endothelial function in diabetics with coronary heart disease. Methods A total of 73 consecutive diabetics with coronary heart disease who were not receiving statins were randomized to receive atorvastatin 20 mg/d or rosuvastatin 10 mg/d. The levels of lipids, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP), monoxide nitrogen(NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and endothclium-dependent relaxing function(EDF) were assessed before and after 3 months of the treatment. Results The treatment with statins significantly improved endothelial function in diabetics with coronary heart disease. For both rosuvastatin group and atorvastatin group in pro-treatment versus post-treatment, EDF was higher[(5.2±2.4)% vs. (7.9±3.1)%, P=0.008; (5.0±2.8)% vs. (7.6±3.6)%, P=0.024, respectively], NO was also higher((46.6±14.5) μmmol/L vs. (73.3±18.5) μmmol/L; (51.7±14.0) μmmol/L vs. (79.8±16.0) μmmol/L,both P<0.001], ET-1 was lower[(108.2±29.6) pg/L vs. (77.5±26.4) pg/L, P =0.005;(117.1±34.5) pg/L vs. (80.7±28.2) pg/L, P= 0.003, respectively],and hs-CRP was lower[3.17(1.33～6.32) mg/Lvs. 1.39(0.81～2.58) mg/L, P=0.006; 3.43(1.51～7.02) mg/L vs. 1.63(0.69～3.11) mg/L, P = 0.001, respectively]. There were no differences in these between rosuvastatin group and atorvastatin group. Significant negative correlation existed between EDF and hs-CRP. Conclusions A 3 months treatment with either atorvastatin 20 mg/d or rosuvastatin 10 mg/d is effective in improving endothelial function in diabetics with coronary heart disease.

Objective To observe the curative effect of narrow-band ultraviolet(NB-UVB)on stable vitiligo with autologous epidermis grafting.Methods A total of 82 patients with stable vitiligo were recruited and randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group.The patients in the treatment group were pretreated with NB-UVB before autologous epidermis grafting,while those in the control group were not.The pretreatment with NB-UVB was implemented twice a week for at least 4 weeks before the autologous epidermis grafting. A 3-month follow-up observation was conducted with regard to the effectiveness. Results Pretreatment with NB-UVB could significantly increase the survival rate of skin grafts and rate of repigment of leukoplakia,when compared with autologous epidermises transplantation alone.The rate of complete repigment raised significantly(P＜0.05),and so did the curative effect for vulgaris generalized vitiligo(P＜0.029).It was found that the curative effect on vitiligo was closely related to the frequency of NB-UVB radiation,location of leukoplakia,color of skin,and the time of repigment appearance. ConclusiOn Pretreatment with NB-UVB can significantly improve curative effect of autologous epidermis grafting on vitiligo.

Objective To evaluate the effect of family interventions on the prevention of falls in elderly hypertensive patients. Methods One hundred elderly hypertensive patients were divided into the experiment group and the control group in equal number. The control group returned for regular visits after discharge while the experiment group received the family intervention including cognitive,psychological,behavioral and environmental intervention.The two groups were compared in terms of fall rate and degree of injury.Results The incidence of falls in the experiment group was significantly lower than that of the control group,the incidence of soft tissue injury after a fall in the experiment group was significantly lower than that of the control group(both P<0.05).Conclusion Family intervention is effective in prevention of falls in elderly hypertensive patients for it may reduce the incidence of falls and the degree of fall injuries.

Objective To explore the prevalence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in nurse of reproductive age and compare the characteristics of four phenotypic subgroups.Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in nurses aged 18-45 years in Renji Hospital in 2011.Questionnaire and anthropometric and biochemical assessments were made.Pelvic ultrasound evaluations were made and blood androgen levels were determined.Diagnosis of PCOS was based on Rotterdam 2003 criteria,consisting of anovulation/oligo-ovulation (ANOVU),clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism (HA) and polycystic ovaries (PCO).Results There were 520 participants and finally 486 individuals finished questionnaire and androgen level determination.283 subjects were totally normal,48 suffered from PCO,129 HA,and 89 ANOVU.54 out of 486 women were diagnosed as PCOS,a prevalence of 11.1％.A significant difference exited only in age among four phenotypic subgroups (P＜0.05).There was no statistic difference in other parameters.Conclusion Establishing an explicit definition of each condition in PCOS criteria has important investigational implications and increase the comparability of published researches.Application of Rotterdam criteria is feasible for earlier diagnosis and timely intervention in order to prevent serious complications.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate mRNA expression of GABAa receptor(GABAaR) subunits in the rat cochlear spiral ganglion neurons (SGN) and explore the effect of sodium salicylate (SS) on the expression of GABAaR subunits. METHOD: The realtime fluorescent quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR) was used to detect mRNA expression of twelve GABAaR subunits in the newborn rat SGN and then investigate mRNA expression of GABAaR subunits after treatment with 5 mmol/L SS for 15 min, 30 min, 1 h, 3 h and 6 h in the primary culture SGN. RESULT: (1) GABAaR subunits of α1-6, β1-3, and γ1-3 were detected in the SGN, and the expression of GABAaR subunits was lower than those in the cerebral cortex. In the subunit α family of GABAaR, the expression rank was α2>α3/α5>α4>a1>α6, and the expression of α3 and α5 had no difference (P>0. 05). In the subunit β family, the expression rank was β3>β2>β1. In the subunit γ family, the expression rank was γ1>γ2>γ3. (2) The expression of all subunits of GABAa receptor was obviously fluctuated excepting subunit α5 after treatment with SS. At 15 min post-SS, α1, α2 , β1 and γ1-3 were upregulated, and α3 was downregulated; At 30 min post-SS, α3, β1 and β3 were upregulated, and γ1 was downregulated; At 1 h post-SS, β2 was upregulated and γ3 was downregulated; At 3 h post-SS, β1 and β2 were upregulated, and α3 and γ2 were downregulated; At 6 h post-SS, αl, α3 ,β2, β3 and γ1 were upregulated, and α2, α4 and β1 were downregulated. CONCLUSION The mRNA of GABAaR was expressed in the rat SGN, and the expression of GABAaR subunits was lower in SGN than the cerebral cortex. SS could alter the GABAaR expression quantity in rat SGN; Most of the subunits expression were elevated obviously in the early post SS (15 min), followed by a slight fluctuation.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cochlea ; cytology ; In Situ Hybridization ; Neurons ; drug effects ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Receptors, GABA-A ; metabolism ; Sodium Salicylate ; pharmacology ; Spiral Ganglion ; drug effects