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Objective To determine the effects of glucose concentration on G 6PD activity and respiratory burst of normal hu-man′s neutrophils in vitro .Methods Normal human′s neutrophils were cultured in different glucose concentration for 8 hours ,as-sayed G6PD activity by spectrophotometric method and determining ROS content by fluorescent probe DCFH-DA .Results G6PD activity and ROS of 15 mmol/L group and 25 mmol/L group were significant lower than before ,when the 5 mmol/L group and L-GLU group didn′t have significant change with time goes by .And G6PD activity and ROS of 25 mmol/L group were the lowest in all groups(P<0 .01) .Conclusion High glucose may induce G6PD activity decreased and cause respiratory burst dysfunction as a stimulating factor .The stimulation intensity was increased with the increase of glucose concentration .It′s the probable mechanism on susceptibility to infections in patients with diabetes mediated by dysfunction of respiratory burst in leucocyte .

[Objective] To investigate the synergistic action of fuming-washing therapy with Qingbixifang ( a herbal lotion mainly composed of Herba Siegesbeckiae, Cortex Phellodendri, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae, Rhizoma Atractylodis, Herba Ecliptae, Nidus Vespae, Olibanum, Myrrha, etc.) on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with heat retention. [Methods] Sixty patients of RA with heat retention were randomized into groups A and B. Group A ( n = 30) was treated by fuming and washing the affected part with Qingbixifang, and taking Tongbiling Tablets and nimesulide; group B (n = 30) was treated by taking Tongbiling Tablets and nimesulide only. The treatment course of the two groups lasted one month. The time of morning stiffness, grip strength, the number of joints with tenderness, tenderness index, resting pain in joints, the number of swelling joints, swelling index, evaluation by patients themselves and by the doctor were compared before and after treatment. Laboratory parameters such as blood rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell (WBC) count and platelet (PLT) count were also observed before and after treatment. [Results] The total effective rate was 90.0% in group A and 66.7% in group B, the difference being significant (P

A novel method for the detection of moroxydine ( ABOB) residue in tomatoes was developed based on the enhancement of the fluorescence intensity of CdTe quantum dots( QDs) in the presence of ABOB. The factors influencing the performance of the QDs fluorescent probes were investigated, and the optimum conditions were determined:the concentration of mercaptoacidic acid ( TGA) capped-CdTe quantum dot was 1×10-4 mol/L, and the reaction time was 20 min at pH=5. 6. Under the optimum conditions, the relative fluorescence intensity increases linearly proportional to the ABOB concentration in the range of 1. 0×10-12-5. 0×10-10 mol/L with a limit of detection of 5. 2×10-13 mol/L, R=0. 9981, the recovery was 97%-106%, without obvious interference on the determinations of moroxydine from the common coexisting ions, antibiotics, and vitamins. The proposed method has been successfully applied in the detection of trace moroxydine hydrochloride residue in tomatoes.

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes in glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity, cAMP and respiratory burst function in THP-1 cells exposed to high glucose and identify the possible signaling pathways to mediate these changes.

METHODSTHP-1 cells were treated with high glucose, high glucose plus the PKA inhibitor (PKI), or normal glucose plus Forskolin. The changes in the G6PD activity and cAMP in the exposed cells were assayed using the spectrophotometric method, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content in the cell culture was determined using the fluorescent probe DCFH-DA. Western blotting was employed to examine the expression of phosphorylated p47(phox) in the cells.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control cells, the cells exposed to high glucose and to normal glucose and Forskolin showed a significantly lowered G6PD activity, ROS content and expression of phosphorylated p47(phox), but with a increased cAMP content (P<0.01). High glucose exposure in the presence of PKI caused no significant changes in G6PD activity, ROS level, phosphorylated p47(phox) or cAMP compared to those in the normal control cells (P>0.01).

CONCLUSIONHigh glucose causes inhibition of G6PD activity in THP-1 cells via activation of PKA and thus leads to respiratory burst dysfunction, which is the probable mechanism underlying the lowered leucocyte function and susceptibility to infections in diabetic patients.

Cell Line ; Cyclic AMP ; metabolism ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Glucose ; adverse effects ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Humans ; Phosphorylation ; Respiratory Burst ; drug effects ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

BACKGROUND: Currently, the materials used in clinical practice to repair cruciate ligament of knee joint contain auto-graft bone- mid 1/3 patella tendon-bone (B-T-B), auto-semitendinous muscle, gracilis muscle and allogenic tissue graft. All of them are limited to a certain degree in clinical application. Therefore, people hope to consistently develop artificial ligaments to take the place of auto- and allografts. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility to construct artificial biological ligament (ABL) by applying a novel biochemical technique using porcine tendon as the raw material. DESIGN: Research of new biological material. SETTING: Department of Orthopedics, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. MATERIALS: Adult pigs of either gender were provided by the Animal Center of Sun Yat-sen University. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, S-520) was provided by Hitachi, Japan, and micro-controlled electron tension-testing device (Model LWK-10B) by Guangzhou Experimental Devices Factory. METHODS: The experiment was performed at the Animal Center of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2004 to June 2005. ABL was established by means of treating porcine tendon with epoxy cross-linking fixation, diversified antigen minimization process, mechanic enhancement modification and surface activating process. Under aseptic condition, a 6-month-old goat's bone marrow was abstracted, and then the bone marrow matrix stem cells were cultured in ABL stent for 3 weeks. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe structure and compatibility of artificial ligament, and mechanics test was used to analyze biomechanics characteristics of ABL. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Structural features, cell compatibility and biomechanics characteristics of ABL.RESULTS: ① Structural features of ABL: The appearance of ABL was similar to that of the normal human ligament. Histological examination showed that the ABL was collagen fibers with no cells. Electron microscope examination revealed that the ABL was composed of hair-looking and fiber-like objects running uniformly in a certain direction and closely parallel-arranged. ② Cell compatibility: Three weeks after xenogenic marrow matrix cells were cultured on the surface of the ABL, it was noted that cells adhered and the matrix secreted by the cells precipitated around the cells. There were no cells found inside the ABL. ③ Mechanical strength of the ligament: The average diameter of ABL was 5 mm and the mechanical test at a speed of 100 mm/min showed that its averaged tensile limit was 927.19 N and the tension-resistant strength was 47.22 N/mm those were close to the corresponding parameters of the normal goat's ACL. The normal goat's ACL was 5 mm. The greatest tensile load was 807.50 N and the tension-resistant strength was 41.13 N/mm.CONCLUSION:As we used the unique biochemical technique and minimized the xenogenic protein immunogenicity of the porcine tendon, ABL has acceptable biomechanical properties and superior biocompatibility. As a substitute of the ligament in the reconstruction of the ACL, ABL has a promising prospect in clinical applications.

Objective To explore the composition principles of prescriptions for simple obesity based on the analysis of medical literature issued in recently 30 years about Chinese medicine for simple obesity. Methods We collected literature of Chinese medicine in treating simple obesity from VIP, CNKI, Wanfang, CBM and CMCC/CMCI databases, and screened out the formulas for simple obesity to establish a formula database. And then the medication rules were figured out with the Traditional Chinese medicine Inheritance Support System version 2.5 (TCMISS 2.5) software. Results A total of 57 formulas were screened out. And the top 10 herbs with highest occurrence frequency in the prescriptions were Poria, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Rhizoma Alismatis, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Fructus Crataegi, Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Folium Nelumbinis, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Semen Cassiae. After data mining, we got 13 high-frequency herb-pair combinations and 31 core combinations, and 8 new prescriptions were extracted. Conclusion The research has achieved the quantitative description of the relationship between the Chinese medicines, the extraction of the core combinations and the discovery of new Chinese medicine prescriptions for simple obesity. The results will provide references for the development of new Chinese medicines for the treatment of simple obesity .

Objective: To investigate the current status and relationship between loneliness and negative emotional symptoms among first generation college students in the family, so as to provide reference for improving mental health of this population. Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to select 3 017 college students from 10 colleges and universities in Guangdong Province and Yunnan Province, China, in May 2023. Questionnaires were administered to the students, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the short form of the University of California at Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (ULS-6) were employed. Results: The total ULS-6 score of first generation college students in the family was (12.38±4.16), while the score of non first generation college students in the family was (11.89±4.38), with a statistically significant difference ( t=2.79, P <0.05). The total DASS-21 score of first generation college students in the family was (71.13±26.97), while the score of non first generation college students in the family was (70.20±26.66), with a statistically significant difference ( t=2.69, P <0.05). Among the first generation college students in the family, male students experienced more DASS-21 score (77.55±29.36) than female students (70.43±25.03)( t =5.79, P <0.05). Urban students (12.00±4.15, 70.34±25.68) reported lower levels of loneliness score and DASS- 21 score than rural students (12.62±4.15, 74.93±27.63), and the depression subscale scores showed statistically significant differences among students with different professional achievement rankings ( t/F =-3.42, -3.94, 4.25, P <0.05). There was a positive correlation between loneliness, depression, anxiety, pressure and DASS-21 scales of first generation college students in the family ( r=0.64, 0.62, 0.64, 0.66, P <0.01). The linear regression analysis results showed a positive correlation between loneliness and all dimensions and total scores of the DASS-21, explaining 44% of the variance in negative emotional symptoms. Conclusions A positive correlation is found between loneliness and negative emotional symptoms among first generation college students in the family. Improving the loneliness of the first generation college students in the family can reduce their negative emotional symptoms and improve their mental health level.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of blood glucose instability on respiratory burst of leukocytes in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

METHODSForty-five patients with T2DM were divided into 3 groups after continuous glucose monitoring for 72 h with glucose wavy coefficient <1.5 (n=11), between 1.5 and 3.0 (n=19), and >3.0 (n=15). Peripheral blood neutrophils were isolated from the diabetic patients and normal control subjects for assay of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) with a spectrophotometric method, detecting G6PD mRNA expression by real-time PCR, and determining reactive oxygen species level using the fluorescent probe DCFH-DA.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, the diabetic patients showed significantly lowered G6PD activity (F=78.739, P<0.05) and ROS level (F=384.962, P<0.05) but significantly increased G6PD mRNA expression (F=269.612, P<0.01). These changes were significantly correlated with the blood glucose wavy coefficients.

CONCLUSIONThe fluctuation of blood glucose in T2DM patients can decrease G6PD activity and lead to functional decline of the respiratory burst.

Blood Glucose ; chemistry ; Case-Control Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; metabolism ; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Humans ; Neutrophils ; metabolism ; Pentose Phosphate Pathway ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Respiratory Burst