We performed a set of explorations and reform on teaching Histology and Embryology in English to improve the teaching quality.This article summarized some experiences of teachers training,preparation before class the use of the teaching method,and selection of suitable textbook and examinations.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics,treatment and prognosis of senile epilepsy. Methods The clinical characteristics of 180 elderly patients with epilepsy were retrospectively studied. Results The common causes of senile epilepsy were cerebrovascular disease (8 cases,4.4％),brain tumor(24 cases,13.3％),brain trauma and operation (18 cases,10.0％),brain atrophy (6 cases,3.3 ％ ),The most type of seizures were focal seizures (106 cases,58.9 ％) or focal seizures preceding a generalized (62 cases,34.4％). Electroencephalogram (EEG) usually showed focal slow wave activity or rhythm.Most of seizures were responsive well to single antiepilepsy drug. Conclusions The causes of elderly epilepsy are cerebrovascular disease,brain tumor,brain trauma, brain operation, brain atrophy. Senile epilepsy is more likely to have symptomatic and focal seizures,and can be controlled by anti-epilepsy drugs.

Objective To investigate the application value of risk management in skin care of hospitalized neurosurgery patients. Methods 179 cases of hospitalized neurosurgical patients from January to December 2011 were chosen as research object.All the patients were divided into the observation group (91 cases,the risk management care group)and the control group (88 cases,the routine care group).The two groups accepted different nursing measures.The skin damage caused by medical factors,family factors and environmental factors for the two groups were taken for statistics and comparison. Results The patients with skin damage due to medical factors,family factors and environmental factors in the observation group were significantly lower than the control group,there was significant difference. Conclusions The application of risk management methods in skin nursing of hospitalized neurosurgery patients has good effect.It can reduce the rate of skin damage of patients significantly and is recommended widely used in hospitalized neurosurgery patients.

Objective To investigate the rehabilitation therapeutic effect of Super-Lizer on the early chronicity strain carpal tunnel syndrome by lassitude. Methods Ninety-eight carpal tunnel syndrome patients were randomly divided into therapeutic group (53 cases) and control group (45 cases). The control group was treated with brake and rest on wrist joint. The therapeutic group was treated with Super-Lizer plus wrist brace in neutral position brake and rest in run-up position on wrist joint. The changes of clinical symptom,feeling,muscle power and electromyography in the hands after 2 weeks were detected.Then the results were analyzed. Results The clinical symptom,feeling,muscle power and electromyography in the hands of two groups were obviously improved after treatment, the therapeutic group significantly better than the control group in motor nerve conduction resume(P ＜ 0.05 ). The cure and efficiency rate of the therapeutic group was 81.13%(43/53),the cure and efficiency rate of the control group was 57.78%(26/45),there was significantly better between two groups (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion The rehabilitation therapeutic effect of Super-Lizer on the early chronicity strain carpal tunnel syndrome is remarkable,worthy of clinical application.

Objective To evaluate the role of haeme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in remote limb ischemic preconditioning (RLIP)-induced attenuation of lung ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rabbits.Methods Twenty-four Japanese White Rabbits,aged 4-5 months,weighing 2.0-2.5 kg,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =6 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (S group),I/R group,RLIP group and zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP,an inhibitor of HO-1) plus RLIP group (ZnPP + RLIP group).Lung I/R was produced by 60 min occlusion of the left lung hilum followed by 180 min of reperfusion in I/R,RLIP and ZnPP + RLIP groups.RLIP and ZnPP + RLIP groups received 3 cycles of 10 min ischemia followed by 10 min reperfusion in the bilateral hind limbs immediately before occlusion of the left lung hilum.In ZnPP + RLIP group,ZnPP 10 μmol/kg was injected intravenously 10 min prior to hind limb ischemia and the rest of the procedures were similar to those previously described in RLIP group.At the end of reperfusion,arterial blood samples were collected for blood gas analysis.The animals were then sacrificed and pulmonary specimens were obtained for microscopic examination of the pathological changes which were scored (lung injury score,LIS) and for determination of wet/dry lung weight ratio (W/D ratio),myleoperoxidase (MPO) activity,malondialdehyde (MDA) content and expression and activity of HO-1 in the lung tissues.Results Compared with group S,PaO2 was significantly decreased,and LIS,W/D ratio,MPO activity,MDA content,and HO-1 expression and activity were increased in I/R group (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with I/R group,PaO2 and HO-1 expression and activity were significantly increased,and LIS,W/D ratio,MPO activity and MDA content were decreased in RLIP group (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with RLIP group,PaO2 and HO-1 expression and activity were significantly decreased,and LIS,W/D ratio,MPO activity and MDA content were increased in ZnPP + RLIP group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion RLIP up-regulates HO-1 expression and enhances HO-1 activity,thus reducing lung I/R injury in rabbits.

Objective To study how to fulfill the repair security works of servicing and maintenance of medical equipment when medical corps execute the mission of peacekeeping successfully. Methods The maintenance and support work of medical equipment are fulfilled from several aspects, including the strict selection of maintenance personnel, learning and preparation of equipment and spare parts before going abroad, the completion of peacekeeping mission and the principle of equipment management and how to purchase medical equipment, etc. Results The operation of equipment is ensured under normal condition and the COE verification is passed through successfully. Conclusion The security system of medical equipment management and maintenance in peacekeeping and field operation is groped.

Objective To evaluate the relationship of metabolic syndrome (MS) and MS components with thyroid nodule. Methods A total of 10 357 subjects ( age ＞ 18 years old) who received physical checkup at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University between June 2009 and June 2010 were enrolled in this retrospective study. Anthropometric parameter, fasting plasma glucose (FPG),serum lipid profile, blood uric acid, alanine aminotransferase and thyroid ultrasonography were measured. Results The prevalence of thyroid nodule,MS,and thyroid nodule + MS was 46. 96% ,23. 6%,and 11.6%, respectively. The prevalence of thyroid nodule was significantly higher in MS patients than in non MS patients ( 75.9% vs 38. 0%, P ＜ 0. 05 ). Multifactor logistic analysis showed that MS, body mass index (BMI) and FBG (β vales were 0. 78,1.22,and 0. 62,respectively; odds ratios were 4. 167,3. 876,and 2. 359, respectively; all P ＜ 0. 05 ) were independently correlated with the development of thyroid nodule. Conclusions Significantly increased prevalence of thyroid nodule could be found in MS patients. BMI and FBG may be independent risk factors of thyroid nodule.

Objective To assess the changes of humidity and ammonia concentration in rat and mouse individually ventilated cages (IVC) based on macroenvironmental humidity and air ventilation changes .Methods Three kinds of rat and mouse IVC in barrier facilities were set as research objective .The changes of micronvironmental humidity and ammonia concentration at 40 times/h and 60 times /h air changes were detected continuously for a 7-days-cycle relative to low (40%), moderate (50%), and high (60%) macroenvironmental humidity.Results Mouse and rat IVC with 40 times /h air changes under low macroenvironmental humidity condition , mouse IVC with 40 times/h and rat IVC with 60 times/h air changes under moderate macroenvironmental humidity condition , mouse IVC with 60 times /h air changes under high macroenvironmental humidity condition , basically meet the GB14925-2010 requirements.While under macroenvironmental high humidity condition, the microenvironments of rat and mouse IVC with 60 times/h air changes could not satisfy the requirements.Conclusions The environmental humidity and ventilation frequency are the key index of IVC microenvironment.Only on the basis of external environment conditions to set up reasonable IVC ventilation frequency in order to better maintain the IVC microenvironment so that to achieve the goal of effective management .

Objective To study the levels of senlm uric acid(UA)in normal glucose(NC),impaired glucose regulation(IGR)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and investigate its relationship with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.Method The levels of blood glucose,lipids,fasting insulin(HNS)and serum UA were measured in patients of 45 T2DM(T2DM group),20 IGR(IGR group)and 29 NC(NC group).Status of insulin resistance and insulin secretion function was evaluated by HOMA-IR and ISI.Results The levels of triglyceride(TG)and UA in T2DM group and IGR group were significantly higher than those in NC group[(3.34±8.77),(1.85±0.67),(1.26±0.38)mmoi/L and(316.71±96.20),(403.62±76.80),(325.45±94.43)mmol/L](P<0.01).HDL-C levels in T2DM group were significantly lower than those in IGR and NC group[(1.05±0.30),(1.07±0.21),(1.12±0.20)mmol/L](P<0.01).NO significant difference of FINS levels was found in the three groups.HOMA-IR level in T2DM and IGR group was higher than that in NC group(3.84,3.77,2.34)(P<0.01).ISI in T2DM and IGR group was lower than that in NC group(-4.52±0.79,-4.44±0.19,-4.03±0.58)(P<0.01).Correlation analysis indicated that the level of UA was positively related with BMI.TG and negatively related with HDL-C.Conclusion Increased UA in IGR indicates that hyperurieacidemia developes before DM.

Objective To investigate the effect of fluid resuscitation on hemodynamics in dogs with hemorrhagic shock at the initial stage of getting high altitude. Method he models of severe hemohagic shock were established in 13 mongrel dogs after they were brought to the high altitude a/ea and were mndondvvided inIo 3 group: LR group(n=3),6% HES group(n=5)and control group(n=5).The dogs in LR group wefe intravenously infused with lactated Ringers solution in 1.5 limes exsanguinated volume;those in 6% HES group were given hydroxyethyl starch in equal volume of exsanquination. A drop of solution waft noven to dogs in con,trol group.One hour after restritation,lactated Ringers solution waft infused at 5 Ilps as maintenance dose.The hemodynmnic variables were recorded.Results All animals in control group died two hour later.In LR group,the hemedynamie variables including MAP,CO,PAWP,CVP,LVSWI and RVSWI two hours after infiion were signifieantly higher than those.one hour after infusion(P<0.05),while HR,SVRd PVR were significantly lower(P<0.05).In dogs of 6% HES group,CO,PAP,PAWP,CVP,SVR and PVR two hours after infusion were significantly higher than those one hour after infusion(P<0.05),but MAP.HR.CI,LVSWI and RVSWI were not significantly different(P>0.05).Conclusions All of three doith hen rhagic shock would die(3/3)at the initial stage of being brought to high altitude alles without fluid resuscitation. Fluid resuscitation with LR solution 1.5 times the exsanquinated volume was effective and safe. The infusion of 6% hydroxyethyl starch at equal volume of exsanqination may easily cause heart failure or pulmonary edema.