Objective To determine the effects of acute normovolemic hemodilution combined with deliberate hypotension induced by sodium nitroprusside on glomerular filtration rate. Methods Forty rabbits weighing 2.6-4.0kg were anesthetized with intramuscular ketamine(1mg?kg-1). The animals were tracheotomized and intubated.Anesthesia was maintained with 0.5% halothane inhalation and fentanyl infusion (2?g?kg-1?min-1 ) . Carotid artery was cannulated for blood pressure monitoring and blood gas analysis and external jugular vein was cannulated for CVP monitoring and blood sampling. The animals were randomly allocated to one of four groups of ten animals in each group: control group; deliberate hypotension group;hemodilution group and combined hemodilution-deliberate hypotension group. Deliberate hypotension was induced with 0.02% sodium nitroprusside and MAP was reduced to 35-40mm Hg. In hemodilution group and combined group blood was removed from artery until Hct was reduced to 20 % -25 % and normovolemia was maintained by simultaneous infusion of Ringer's lactate solution, 3 times the volume of blood removed. Glomerular filtration rate was assessed by inulin clearance rate. 1% inulin 3 ml was injected I. V. over 30 s and blood samples were taken from CVP line for determination of blood inulin concentration at 1,3,5, 10, 30, 60, and 100 min after injection of inulin. Results Urine output decreased significantly in hypotension group and increased in hemodilution group. There was no significantly difference in urine output between control and combined groups. Inulin clearance decreased significantly in hypotension group as compared with that in control group, but there was no significantly difference in inulin clearance between control and combined groups. Conclusions Deliberate hypotension can decrease renal blood flow and deliberate hypotension combined with hemodilution can maintain kidney microcirculation.

Objective To investigate the urodynamic measurements in later pregnant women with urinary incontinence. Methods According to the symptoms, a total of 63 volunteers in later pregnancy were divided into two groups including urinary incontinence group and no symptom group. Fourteen women who were married but not delivered were included in control group. Urodynamic study was performed on all women. Results The occurrence rate of urinary incontinence in later pregnancy was 26.98%. The valsalva leak point pressure only occurred on two pregnant women were 50 cmH2O and 67 cmH2O respectively. Compared with the no symptom group, the maximum urethral closure pressure[(83.69±42.55)mmHg vs(108.09±34.95)mmHg, P＜0.05])and the functional urethral length [(30.45±8.42)mm vs (37.60±18.45)mm ,P＜0.05]of urinary incontinence group were decreased obviously. Conclusions The main reason of urinary incontinence in pregnancy was that the maximum urethral closure pressure could not sufficiently increase to compensate for the progressive increase in bladder pressure during pregnancy and functional urethral length could not correspondingly increase along with the pregnancy.

Objective A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) inheritance assist system software was used to analyze the medication experiences of treating urticaria.Methods Literatures in three TCM medical books about the treatment of urticaria were collected and analyzed in terms of the utilizing frequency and association rules between different medicines. Data mining research methods such as Apriori algorithm, complex system entropy cluster and unsupervised hierarchical cluster were used in the research.Results Based on 138 screened prescriptions, the study confirmed that the frequency of using Radix sileriswas was highest, and 20 drugs elected in 218 prescription drugs were used more than 20 times. According to the utilizing frequency order of pharmaceutical compositions from high to low, association rules between drugs ranked in the top four were‘ Radix sileris- Cicada slough’, ‘Radix sileris- Schizonepeta’, ‘Radix sileris- Paeonia’, and ‘Schizonepeta- Cicadaslough’. Meanwhile, 30 pharmaceutical drug combinations and 14 new prescriptions were found. Conclusion The research, based on TCM inheritance assist system software platform and data mining method on medication rules of urticaria treatment prescriptions, is instructive in the clinical treatment of urticaria and also provide useful reference for the development of the new drug on urticaria.

The purpose of this paper is to provide parameters of physiological functions in elite athletes of track andfield, swimming, volleyball and gymnasts with reference to criteria for recruitment. Tests were made on 811males and 761 females for 14 physiological indices, including pulse rate, blood pressure and step test. Significant correlations were found between the performance level of track and field and swimming on theone hand and the athletes' vital capacity and Vo_2max on the other. Players of the national women volleyballteam were found to be more responsive in nervous reflexes and possess a lower percentage of body fat and agreater lean body weight than their counterparts on other teams. The gymnasts were found to be inferior incardiopulmonary function, which might be one of their pnysiological characteristics. In most items the subjects'parameters were mean?one SD. It is believed that for better performances an athelet must improve his cardio-pulmonary function.

10.3969/j.issn.1008-9691.2013.03.007

Objective: To observe the changes of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in colonic membrane of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) and the clinical efficacy of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion in treating it, and to explore the action mechanisms. Methods: Seventy-three subjects were randomized into two groups: moxibustion group in which 37 cases were treated by herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion and needling group in which 36 cases were treated by needling. The clinical efficacy and 5-HT expression in colonic membrane were observed. Results: The cure rate was 43.2% in the moxibustion group and 36.1% in the needling group, with no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion could reduce 5-HT expression in colonic membrane. Conclusion: Herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion might improve the clinical symptoms of IBS-D by reducing 5-HT expression.

Objective To observe the prevalence of cancer-associated anemia and its effect on elderly patients with advanced cancer.Methods Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Anemia Version 4 (FACT-An) was used to investigate the quality of life (QOL) of 86 elderly patients with advanced cancer.The patients were divided into anemia group and non-anemia group.The influence factors for QOL of the elderly patients with advanced cancer were examined,and a multivariate regression was used.Results The prevalence of cancer-associated anemia in elderly patients with advanced cancer was 61.63 ％ (53/86).The scores in physical well-being (16.03±4.14 vs 12.47±4.68,P =0.001),emotional well-being (11.30±3.98 vs 9.45±4.04,P =0.041),functional well-being (13.61±3.74 vs 10.30±4.02,P ＜ 0.001),additional concerns (57.39±7.28 vs 40.06±10.45,P ＜ 0.001) and FACT-An (111.70±13.19 vs 84.34±18.95,P ＜ 0.001) of the non-anemia group were all significantly higher than those of the anemia group.The multivariate regression analysis results indicated that hemoglobin (P ＜ 0.001),comorbidities (P =0.002),performance status (P =0.018),age (P =0.030) were the influence factors for QOL of elderly patients with advanced cancer.Conclusion The morbidity of anemia in elderly patients is increased and it affects the QOL of senior patients with advanced cancer.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of novorapid and novolin R in the treatment of patients with gestational diabetes.Methods From September 2014 to October 2015,the clinical data of 58 patients with gestational diabetes in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.According to the drug used,the patients were divided into two groups.The observation group was given novorapid,and the control group was given novolin R.Before and after treatment,the total effective rate,fasting blood glucose (FBG),2h postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG),average blood glucose control time,body mass index (BMI),alanine transaminase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),serum creatinine (SCr),urea nitrogen (BUN) and the frequency of hypoglycaemia,insulin dosage,the pregnancy outcome were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,the FBG [(5.14±0.39)mmol/L],2hPBG[(7.06±1.25)mmol/L] of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (t=11.72,5.67,all P＜0.05).ALT[(25.27±8.71)U/L],AST[(27.98±8.53)U/L],SCr[(69.92±11.39)μmol/L],BUN[(5.23±5.75)mmol/L] of the observation group had no obvious differences compared with the control group (t=0.14,0.07,0.04,0.30,all P＞0.05).The total effective rate (93.10％),average blood glucose control time (3.06±0.43)d,insulin dosage (36.15±4.72)U/d of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group (χ2=4.35,t=14.30,4.92,all P＜0.05).The incidence rates of pregnancy-induced hypertension (3.45％),amniotic fluid (6.90％),cesarean delivery (17.24％),macrosomia(3.45％),high blood bilirubin(3.45％) of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(χ2=5.22,5.50,4.08,9.09,7.73,all P＜0.05).Body weight [(70.6±3.09)g],BMI[(23.9±0.28)kg/m2] of the observation group were better than those of the control group(t=2.20,12.19,all P＜0.05).The incidence rate of hypoglycemic events in observation group(17.24％) was significantly lower than that of the control group(χ2=5.47,P＜0.05).Conclusion Compare with novolin R,the treatment effect of novorapid for gestational diabetes is remarkable and has high security,it is worthy of clinical implementation.

Objective:To research the correlation of serum levels of IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α and IgA1 in children with allergic purpura and the purpura nephritis.Methods:57 cases with allergic purpura who were treated in our hospital from November 2015 to May 2016 were selected and 29 cases were diagnosed with general allergic purpura,and another 28 cases were diagnosed with purpuric nephritis.30 healthy children were selected as the control group.Then the serum levels of IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α,IgAl,immunoglobulin A (IgA),C3 and C4 between the three groups were observed and compared.Results:The serum levels of IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α,IgA1 and IgA in the purpuric nephritis group were higher than those of the control group and the general allergic purpura group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05);The serum levels of IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α,IgA1 and IgA in the general allergic purpura group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05);There was no statistically significant difference about the C3 and C4 in the three groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion:The serum levels of IL-21,TGF-β1,TNF-α and IgA1 may be involved in the development ofhenoch-schonlein purpura and purpura nephritis.

Objective: To assess therapeutic effect of alprostadil on improving myocardial microcirculatory disturbance and hemorheological disorder in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods: A total of 164 CHD patients treated in our hospital were selected.According to random number table method, they were randomly and equally divided into routine treatment group and alprostadil group (received alprostadil injection based on routine treatment group), both groups were treated for two weeks.Serum levels of nitric oxide (NO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thromboxan β2 (TXβ2) and hemorheological indexes were measured and compared between two groups after treatment;TIMI grade and TIMI myocardial perfusion grading (TMPG) of CAG were compared between two groups after treatment.Results: Compared with routine treatment group after treatment, there were significant rise in serum levels of NO[(64.9±10.3) mmol/L vs.(98.8±13.2) mmol/L]and VEGF[(1.62±0.53) mg/L vs.(3.31±0.68) mg/L], and significant reduction in serum TXβ2 level[(180.4±22.8) pg/ml vs.(78.9±9.6) pg/ml], P<0.05 or<0.01;significant reductions in whole blood high shear viscosity[(5.84±0.72) mPa·s vs.(4.25±0.31) mPa·s], whole blood low shear viscosity[(8.42±0.93) mPa s vs.(5.31±0.68) mPa s], plasma viscosity[(2.73±0.34) mPa s vs.(1.61±0.29) mPa s], fibrinogen level[(4.09±0.55) g/L vs.(3.13±0.55) g/L], erythrocyte aggregation index[(3.85±0.47) vs.(2.24±0.31)]and maximum platelet aggregation rate[(67.4±5.3)% vs.(48.0±3.6)%]in alprostadil group, P<0.05 all.Among those patients undergoing second CAG, compared with routine treatment group, there were significant reductions in percentages of TIMI and TMPG grade II and grade III, and significant rise in percentages of TIMI and TMPG grade 0 and grade I in alprostadil group, P<0.05 or <0.01.Conclusion: Alprostadil can significantly improve myocardial microcirculatory disturbance and hemorheological disorder in patients with coronary heart disease, which is worth extending.