Objective To observe the effect of lowering intraocular pressure(IOP) treatment on ocular hemodynamics in patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).Methods A total of 68 patients with NAION (68 eyes) were enrolled in this study.The patients were randomly divided into treatment group (38 eyes of 38 patients) and control group (30 eyes of 30 patients).All the patients were received methylprednisolone pulse therapy (200 mg,three days),vasodilator therapy with intravenous infusion of Xueshuantong solution (300 mg),optic nerve nutritional therapy with mouse nerve growth factor (30 μg) and acupoint injection in temporal with compound anisodine (2 ml).The total course was 10 days.The patients of treatment group received IOP lowering treatment to reduce the IOP to ≥ 8 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) or in a 30％ reduction.The patients of control group received no IOP lowering treatment.The peak systolic velocity (PSV),pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of ophthalmic artery (OA),central retinal artery (CRA) and short posterior ciliary arteries (PCA) before and after treatment were comparatively analyzed by color doppler flow imaging.Results The differences of PSV (t=1.023,1.145,0.569),PI (t=0.679,0.956,1.634) and RI (t=0.816,1.657,0.998) of OA,CRA and PCA before treatment in treatment group and control group were not statistically significant (P＞ 0.05).Compared with before treatment,PSV (t=3.150,7.650,3.520) and PI (t=2.420,5.430,7.650) of OA,CRA and PCA increased obviously (P＜0.05),RI of OA,CRA and PCA decreased obviously (t=5.320,9.640,18.360; P＜0.05) after treatment in treatment group.In control group,the differences of PSV (t=2.090,-2.550,-2.100) and PI (t=-2.310,-2.230,-4.490) of OA,CRA and PCA between before and after treatment were not statistically significant (P＞0.05) ; but the differences of RI of OA,CRA and PCA between before and after treatment was statistically significant (t=2.970,2.160,2.690μ P＜0.05).Compared with control group,PSV (t=2.632,2.135,5.364) and PI (t=3.251,2.432,4.243) of OA,CRA and PCA increased obviously (P＜0.05),RI of OA,CRA and PCA decreased obviously (t=3.664,2.938,4.324; P＜0.05) after treatment in treatment group.Conclusion Lowering intraocular pressure treatment can improve the ocular hemodynamics in NAION patients.

Objective To determine the effects of acute normovolemic hemodilution combined with deliberate hypotension induced by sodium nitroprusside on glomerular filtration rate. Methods Forty rabbits weighing 2.6-4.0kg were anesthetized with intramuscular ketamine(1mg?kg-1). The animals were tracheotomized and intubated.Anesthesia was maintained with 0.5% halothane inhalation and fentanyl infusion (2?g?kg-1?min-1 ) . Carotid artery was cannulated for blood pressure monitoring and blood gas analysis and external jugular vein was cannulated for CVP monitoring and blood sampling. The animals were randomly allocated to one of four groups of ten animals in each group: control group; deliberate hypotension group;hemodilution group and combined hemodilution-deliberate hypotension group. Deliberate hypotension was induced with 0.02% sodium nitroprusside and MAP was reduced to 35-40mm Hg. In hemodilution group and combined group blood was removed from artery until Hct was reduced to 20 % -25 % and normovolemia was maintained by simultaneous infusion of Ringer's lactate solution, 3 times the volume of blood removed. Glomerular filtration rate was assessed by inulin clearance rate. 1% inulin 3 ml was injected I. V. over 30 s and blood samples were taken from CVP line for determination of blood inulin concentration at 1,3,5, 10, 30, 60, and 100 min after injection of inulin. Results Urine output decreased significantly in hypotension group and increased in hemodilution group. There was no significantly difference in urine output between control and combined groups. Inulin clearance decreased significantly in hypotension group as compared with that in control group, but there was no significantly difference in inulin clearance between control and combined groups. Conclusions Deliberate hypotension can decrease renal blood flow and deliberate hypotension combined with hemodilution can maintain kidney microcirculation.

Objective This study aimed to explore the relationship between the traumatic experience in childhood and onset of obsession in adulthood,and the character of family environment of obsession patients.Methods Using Y-BOCS and CAT and FES-CV to evaluate 41 cases with OCD and 36 normal subjects respectively.Baaed on these scales,an edited interview schema for a semi-structured interview was choosed with both groups for 50 minutes respectively.Results ①Tbe whole score and scores of two subscales on punishment,negative-environment in CAT were all obviously higher in patients with obsession [(50.16± 21.03),(12.03±4.24),(19.77±9.74),for punishment:P<0.05,for others:P<0.01],and there were a significant difference in the two groups[(35.35±14.78),(9.92±2.51),(12.54±8.14)].The negative environment was chosen in regress equation,and could explain 14.67% of outcome of obsession. ②The scores of 4 ubacaies like cohesion,expressiveness,intellectual-cultural orientation,active-recreational orientation [(5.13±2.28),(4.10±2.12),(2.71±1.87),(2.52±2.34)] ,were all obviously lower than the normal control in FES-CV.While the subscore of conflict (5.03±2.21) was higher than the normal control(3.50±2.40),and all these differences were significant.When two factors of active-recreational orientation and cohesion in FES-CV were put into regression equation( R2 =0.2078 ,R2 =0.2784),they contribute 27.84% and the disease,and the active-recreational orientation factor can explain 20.78%.③The result of interview found significant difference between obsession groupand control group in parental personality,own personality,childhood experience,and family environment.Condusion The traumatic experience in childhood and unhealthy family environment do have association with onset and development of obsession,also they have a close relationship with the development of personality after adulthood.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of mirtazapine and mianserine in the treatment of senile depression. Methods:68 senile depressive patients were randomly divided into two groups: 35 in mirtazapine group, 33 in mianserine group. The period of observation was 8 weeks, Efficacy and safety were assessed with HAMD and TESS scales at baseline, week 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 after treatment. Results: After 8 weeks of treatment, the response rate and significant response rate were respectively 91.4% and 74.3% in mirtazapine group, 87.9% and 72.7% in mianserine group, the difference between groups were not statistically significant. The reduction of HAMD scores after treatment in both group were statistically significant (P 0.05). The common side effectives of mirtazapine were drowsiness, dizziness, increased appetite and weight gain; The common side reactions of mianserine were dizziness, nausea, drowsiness. All the side effects were mild. Conclusions:Mirtazapine and mianserine are equally effective and safe in treating senile depression.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the method for rapid and effective isolating of calcium-tolerant cardiomyocytes(CTC) from rats. METHODS: CTC were obtained by retrograde perfusion using modified Langendorff heart perfusion apparatus. After incubation of cardiomyocytes in KB solution, the ion currents were recorded with patch-clamp technique in whole-cell mode. RESULTS: Of the whole isolated cells, 70% were survival. Of which, 80% were CTC. A typical outward potassium current was recorded. CONCLUSIONS: A large number of CTC with normal electrophysiological characteristics can be obtained by mastering the digestion time based on variation of perfusion pressure and keeping all the factors in cell isolation under control.

BACKGROUND: Both epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin transfer their signals into cells by two primary signal transduction pathways,including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway and mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway.But they have different physiological functions.OBJECTIVE: To comparatively assay the dynamic behaviors of phosphoproteomes between EGF and insulin signal transductions in mouse hepatocytes and find key signal proteins.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: Randomized grouping controlled observation experiment was performed in the laboratory of Molecular Biology,Luzhou Medical College between July 2005 and April 2006.MATERIALS: Hepatocytes were from Kunming mice of closed population.METHODS: The primarily cultured mouse hepatocytes were labeled with 32p isotope and then randomly divided into three groups: control,EGF-stimulated (received 10 μg/L EGF),and insulin-stimulated (received 100 nmol/L insulin) groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: After mouse hepatocytes were treated with EGF and insulin for 0,5,20,60 and 120 minutes,the dynamic behaviors of phosphoproteomes(I.e,phosphorylated level) between EGF and insulin signal transductions were comparatively analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis method.RESULTS: The categories of all phosphorylated proteins between EGF and insulin-stimulated phosphoproteomes had no apparent difference.The dynamic behaviors of phosphoproteomes of most proteins during EGF signal transduction are parallel with those during insulin stimulation,except the dynamic behaviors of 4 proteins are different significantly.CONCLUSION: Aforementioned 4 phosphorylated proteins were most probably the key members that could distinguish between two signal transduction pathways ornetworks,and determined their major physiological functions respectively.

Objective To investigate the related factors of phlebitis caused by PICC and support effective preventive nursing measures. Methods 163 patients diagnosed as malignant tumor who first used peripherally inserted central catheters (PICC) were recruited. Patients were observed for 3 months. According to the diagnostic criterion of infection, 34 patients with phlebitis were divided into the phlebitis group and others were divided into the control group. All patients were investigated for general information survey :sex, age, tumor type, allergic history,location of inserted vein, one-time success rate,activity after catheter, elbow bending,phlebitis occurred time, grade and type. Laboratory markers:WBC,neutrophils,immune parameters, fasting plasma glucose. Trait anxiety inventory (T-AI)was used for assessment of emotional state. Case-control study between groups was carried out. Results The results of univariate analysis showed that location of inserted vein,times of inserting vein,activity of inserted limb,elbow bending,blood sugar level and emotion were associated with phlebitis. Sex, age, tumor type, allergic history, immune function,WBC,neutrophils were not involved with phlebitis. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PICC through basilica vein was the protective factor. Multiple insertions, more activity of inserted limb,durative anxious emotion were the risk factors of phlebitis. Conclusions Different location of vein,times of inserting vein,activity of inserted limb,elbow bending,high blood glucose level and persistent anxious emotion are the risk factors of phlebitis. Taking effective preventive measures before,during, and after PICC can reduce the incidence of phlebitis.

Objective To realize hand hygiene status and effect of hand-drying measures on hand-washing of health care workers(HCWs)in an intensive care unit(ICU).Methods From February to April 2013,210 HCWs in an ICU were selected and randomly divided into three groups,group A dried hands with paper towel,group B with hand drier,and group C with personal towel,specimens from hands before hand-washing,after hand-washing,and after hand-drying were taken and performed detection.Results Hand microorganism count in group A,B and C before washing hands after contacting patients was (29.10±15.08)CFU/cm2 ,(31.42±14.76)CFU/cm2 and (30.36±15.52) CFU/cm2 respectively,the difference was not statistically different(F=0.048,P >0.05);After six-step hand-washing, hand microorganism count before hand drying in group A,B and C was (3.26 ±0.61 )CFU/cm2 ,(2.98 ±0.59) CFU/cm2 and (3.87±0.67)CFU/cm2 respectively,compared with hand microorganism count before hand-washing, the difference was statistically different(all P <0.01 ).After adopting different hand-drying methods,microorgan-ism count in three groups was statistically different(F =1 .892,P <0.05),group A ([1 .29±0.58]CFU/cm2 )was significantly lower than group B and C,group B ([9.51 ±0.73 ]CFU/cm2 )was significantly lower than group C ([22.76±4.11]CFU/cm2 );the qualified rate in group A (90.00%)was significantly higher than group B and C, group B (68.57%)was significantly higher than group C (47.14%).The top 5 pathogens isolated from HCWs’ hands were Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,Acinetobacter baumannii ,Klebsiella pneumoniae ,Escherichia coli ,and Coag-ulase negative Staphylococcus ,these strains were highly consistent with the top 5 multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs)isolated from ICU patients in this hospital in 2013.Conclusion HCWs’hands are seriously contamina-ted after all kinds of medical performance;if hands are improperly dried,secondary contamination may occur;patho-gens isolated from HCWs’hands are highly consistent with MOROs from patients,timely and correct hand-washing and hand-drying is the key link to ensure the quality of hand hygiene,and is of great significance to reduce the occur-rence of MDROs infection in ICU patients.

Retrospective analysis was performed for 68 sacroiliac joint pain patients treated at our hospital from June 2007 to March 2012.And 27 patients received sacroiliac joint ozone injection,and others anti-inflammatory and analgesic solution.Both methods can significantly relieve sacroiliac joint pain (P ＜ 0.05).However there was no inter-group difference (P ＞ 0.05).No difference existed in efficacy [(0.51 ±0.03) vs.(0.34 ±0.06) cm],treatment frequency (1.98 ±0.94) vs.(1.82 ±0.88) or hospitalization duration [(14.6 ± 7.0) vs.(14.9 ± 6.4) days] between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Thus sacroiliac joint ozone injection can significantly relieve sacroiliac joint pain and its effect is similar to anti-inflammatory analgesic injection.

Background and purpose: The metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 (MACC1) is highly expressed in different cancers and has an effect on the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells through the regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 pathway. However, the role of MACC1 in ovarian cancer has been rarely studied. The study was aimed to suppress MACC1 gene expression by siRNA and explore the relationship between MACC1 expression and chemosensitivity to cisplatin in ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3/DDP. Methods:Empty plasmid p-super-EGFP-1 (negative control group) and p-super-EGFP-MACC1 shRNA (experimental group) were transfected into ovarian cancer cell SKOV3/DDP respectively. SKOV3/DDP cells without transfection were used as blank group. Then, MACC1 mRNA and protein levels were measured by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Cell proliferation and IC50 of cisplatin was determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium test (MTT). Apoptosis rate was determined by lfow cytometer (FCM). ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 protein levels were determined by Western blot. Results:Compared with those in blank and negative control groups, MACC1 mRNA and protein levels deceased in experimental group. The IC50 of cisplatin in experimental group was lower than that in the other groups (26.094 vs 47.501/47.089μmol/L, P<0.05). There was a lower expression of p-ERK1/2 in experimental group (0.3979 vs 00.6712/0.6681, P<0.05). Apoptosis rate was significantly higher in the experimental group before and after treatment of cisplatin (1.32%vs 0.66%/0.48%, P<0.05;36.70%vs 18.53%/16.60%, P=0.000). Conclusion:MACC1 gene may be involved in cisplatin resistance phenomenon in SKOV3/DDP cells through ERK1/2 pathway.