Objective To investigate the prevalence rates of healthcare-associated infection(HAI) and community-associated infection(CAI) in hospitalized patients in Wuhan City, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of HAI.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select 33 hospitals in Wuhan City, all hospitalized patients were surveyed by bedside investigation and medical record reviewing, SPSS 16.0 software was used for data analysis.Results A total of 36 222 hospitalized patients were investigated, of whom 1 116 (3.08%) had HAI, 6 968 (19.24%) had CAI.The prevalence rate of HAI was highest in hospitals with ≥900 beds(3.40%), and the prevalence rate of CAI was highest in hospitals with<300 beds (43.70%).Of departments, general intensive care unit had the highest prevalence rate of HAI(32.88%), department of respiratory diseases had the highest prevalence rate of CAI (78.34%).A total of 699 pathogens were isolated from patients with HAI, the top three were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.03%), Acinetobacter baumannii (16.31%) and Staphylococcus aureus (12.88%), a total of 1 149 pathogens were isolated from patients with CAI, the top three were Escherichia coli (14.45%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.23%), and Mycoplasma (10.01%).The main infected sites of both HAI and CAI were the lower respiratory tract, accounting for 48.24% and 45.15% respectively.Conclusion HAI and CAI have different characteristics, it is necessary to take targeted measures according to key departments and key sites, so as to reduce the occurrence of HAI effectively.

Objective To explore the effect of vaginal pressure feedback combined with pelvic floor muscle resistant training on stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods 125 women with SUI in our hospital from February, 2014 to May, 2015 were randomized into control group (n=65) and experimental group (n=60). The control group took Kegel exercise, which asked for patients to contract their pelvic floor muscles, while the experimental group first received biofeedback electrical stimulation for 20 minutes with XFT-2002 pelvic floor stimula-tor, then instructed the patients to contract their pelvic floor muscles and pressed the pneumatic probe which placed in vagina according to the voice navigation of XFT-0010 pelvic floor muscle stimulator after they learnt the contraction skill. Both groups received training with 10 seconds' contraction and 10 seconds' rest 30 minutes per day for 30 days in total. They were assessed by GRRUG and International Consulta-tion Incontinence Questionnaire-UI Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Results After treatment, the muscle strength of the pelvic floor (t=-3.570) and the scores of ICIQ (t=4.198) improved significantly in both groups (P<0.01), and was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t=6.833, t=-2.445, P<0.01), as well as the therapeutic efficiency (Z=63.954, P<0.001). Conclusion Vaginal pressure feedback com-bined with pelvic floor muscle resistant training can further improve stress urinary incontinence in women.

Objective ToestimatetheprevalenceofPanton-Valentineleukocidin (PVL)genes and antimicrobial resistance in methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA)isolateds from outpatients with skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs)in Wuhan city. Methods A total of 182 MSSA isolates were collected from outpatients with SSTIs in 5 different hospitals in Wuhan city between 2011 and 2013. The Kirby-Bauer′s disk diffusion method was used to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility of the MSSA isolates, and multiplex PCR was performed to detect mecA and PVL genes in these isolates. Results Of the 182 MSSA isolates, 65 (35.71%)carried PVL genes. The positive rate of PVL genes was significantly different among patients with different diseases (χ2 = 49.76, P = 0.00), and relatively higher in patients with furuncles/carbuncles(7/7), folliculitis(3/3), abscesses(55.53%, 30/57)or impetigo(2/4). The age of patients with PVL-positive MSSA infection was significantly younger than that with PVL-negative MSSA infection (35.40 ± 19.31 years vs. 43.21 ± 20.75 years,t = 2.50, P = 0.01). Among 65 PVL-positive MSSA isolates, the rate of resistance to clindamycin was highest (87.69%), followed by that to penicillin(53.85%)and erythromycin(41.54%). The frequency of resistance to clindamycin was highest in 117 PVL-negative MSSA isolates, followed by that to penicillin (20.51%)and ampicillin (12.82%). Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the rate of resistance to penicillin(χ2 = 21.19), ampicillin(χ2 = 97.97), doxycycline(χ2 =11.61), ciprofloxacin(χ 2 = 8.07), erythromycin(χ 2 = 25.04)and gentamicin(χ 2 = 10.86)in PVL-positive MSSA isolates compared with PVL-negative MSSA isolates (all P < 0.05). Conclusions MSSA isolates from outpatients with SSTIs in Wuhan city are resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics. Flucloxacillin, compound sulfamethoxazole tablets or doxycycline is recommended for empirical treatment of PVL-positive MSSA infections.

Objective: To observe the clinic effect of autologous orbicularis muscle filling combined with eyelid gray line incisionin treating scar upper eyelid entropion. Methods: The clinic data of 36case (58eyes) were analyzed from March 2015 to October 2016. All adopted the autologous orbicularis muscle filling combined with eyelid gray line incision method, and the efficacy of treatment was observed. Results: All of 36 case (58eyes) had success surgery, and all cases had no complications. The cure rate was 91.67%(33/36) and the total effective rate was 100.00%(36/36). Conclusions The method of autologous orbicularis muscle filling combined with eyelid gray line incision can get good treatment effect and worth popularizing.

Abstract Vertebral column defects can have adverse effects on the physical and mental health of children and adolescents. Early screening and diagnosis is conducive to the correction of the disease, which can effectively slow down or stop the process of abnormal spinal curvature in children and adolescents. However, in terms of cost-effectiveness, there are different opinions around the world on the inclusion of school screening for abnormal spinal curvature into routine health services. This article reviews the concept and classification of vertebral column defects in children and adolescents, the epidemic situation, screening methods and significance by consulting the relevant literature at home and abroad, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of the disease.

Objective: To understand the association of maternal emotional symptoms and parent-child relationship with emotional and behavioral problems (EBPs) in primary school students, so as to provide a reference for the prevention of EBPs in primary school students. Methods: In May 2023, a convenient cluster sampling method was used to select 1 324 students from two primary schools in Hefei City, Anhui Province as the study subjects. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Family Adaptation and Cohesion Evaluation ScalesⅡ (FACES Ⅱ), and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) of parental version were used to investigate maternal emotional symptoms, parent-child relationship, and EBPs of primary school students, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis model was used to analyze the association of different maternal emotional symptoms and parent-child relationship with EBPs of primary school students. Results: The abnormal detection rates of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity disorder, peer problems, prosocial behavior and total difficulties in primary school students were 13.6%, 19.4%, 20.2%, 36.5%, 20.9% and 51.9%, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the detection rates of EBPs in primary school students whose mothers had anxiety and depression symptoms with low level of parent-child relationship increased ( OR=1.52-6.97, P <0.01). The combined effect of mothers who had anxiety and depression symptoms with low level of parent-child relationship increased the risk of EBPs in all dimensions of primary school students ( OR=4.07-10.14, P <0.01). After gender stratification, the combined effect of mothers who had anxiety and depression symptoms with low level of parent-child relationship increased the risk of EBPs in all dimensions of boys and girls ( OR=3.71- 10.95 , P <0.01). Conclusions Maternal emotional symptoms and parent-child relationship are associated with EBPs in primary school students. Reducing maternal anxiety and depression symptoms, and improving parent-child relationship are beneficial to reduce the incidence of EBPs problems in primary school students.

Objective: To explore the interaction of health literacy and second-hand smoke exposure on psychopathological symptoms of middle school students. Methods: From November 2015 to January 2016, 22 628 middle school students from Shenyang of Liaoning Province, Bengbu of Anhui Province, Xinxiang of Henan Province, Ulanqab of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Chongqing Municipality, and Yangjiang of Guangdong Province were enrolled by using the multi-stage cluster convenience sampling method. A questionnaire was used to collect the data including demographic information, health literacy, second-hand smoke exposure, and psychopathological symptoms. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the interaction of health literacy and second-hand smoke exposure on psychopathological symptoms of middle school students. Results: The age of students was (15.36±1.79) years old, of which 10 990 were boys, accounting for 48.6% of total students. The detection rate of psychopathological symptoms was 29.1% (6 581/22 628). The detection rate of psychopathological symptoms in those who were exposed to second-hand smoke was 38.1% (2 401/6 304), which was higher than that in the non-second-hand smoke exposure group [25.6% (4 180/16 324)] (P<0.001). The OR (95%CI) of the interaction between medium and low levels of overall health literacy, low level of interpersonal dimension of health literacy and second-hand smoke exposure was 1.19 (1.15-1.24), 2.00 (1.92-2.10) and 1.59 (1.52-1.66), respectively. Conclusion There was a positive interaction between middle and low levels of overall health literacy, low level of interpersonal dimension of health literacy and second-hand smoke exposure on psychopathological symptoms of middle school students.

Abstract In recent years, much attention has been paid to recess activity in school and its impacts on child and adolescent health. Students spent most of their time in schools, thus recess offers children the opportunity to be physically active, which is beneficial for their cognitive, physical, social, and emotional well being. The review mainly discusses the impact of recess activity on child physical and mental health, including obesity, myopia, cognition and social contact, so as to provide a theoretical basis for creating school recess activities conducive to the health of children and adolescents.

Objective To analyze the molecular characteristic and trace the resource of dengue virus in Zhuhaidistrict of Guangzhou during 2012-2015.Methods Collected the cases data of dengue fever in Zhuhai district from 2012-2015 and analyzed the epidemical characteristic.DENV strains were isolated by C6/36 cells,the E gene was amplified from the positive specimen by RT-PCR.The PCR products were sequenced and then analyzed by bio-information software.Results Total of 6 260 DENV infection cases were reported,and the cases happened in every age group;57.78％ of the cases occurred in October.16 virus strains were isolated from 48 samples and the whole E genes were successfully amplified,the virus strains from 2013 and 2014 were the same one and the nucleotide sequence 99.93％ identify with DENV-1 in 2009.Phylogenetic analysis showed that DENV-1 belonged to the G1 genotype,genetically close to the strains from Thailand;strains from 2015 were the same one and belonged to the Cosmopolitan genotype of DENV-2,most similar with the strains from India.Conclusions The DENV-1 outbreak in Haizhu district of Guangzhou during 2012-2015 were belonged to G1 that originated from Thailand and might indigenous in 2009;DENV-2 was belonged to Cosmopolitan genotype which was imported.

Objective: To explore the association of vitamin D deficiency with anxiety and depressive symptoms as well as their comorbidity, so as to provide references for improving the mental health of children and adolescents. Methods: From October to December 2021, a total of 1 323 students from four middle schools in Shenzhen were selected by using convenience sampling method for a questionnaire survey and physical examination. Fasting blood samples were collected to detect vitamin D levels. The Chi square test and multiple Logistic regression model were used to analyze the association of vitamin D deficiency with anxiety and depressive symptoms and their comorbidity among middle school students. Results: The detection rates of anxiety, depressive, and thier comorbidities in middle school students were 33.0%, 21.5% and 16.3%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, vitamin D deficiency was positively associated with the risk of anxiety symptoms ( OR=1.59, 95%CI =1.02-2.46), depressive symptoms ( OR=1.94, 95%CI =1.22-3.09) and anxiety depressive comorbid symptoms ( OR=1.75, 95%CI =1.06-2.90) in secondary school students ( P ＜0.05). Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is associated with an increased risk of anxiety, depressive and their co morbidity symptoms in middle school students, and the directionality of the association should be further studied.