The paper studies and explores such issues as the concept of teaching in both English and Chinese and the conditions that should be available for bilingual teaching of medicine in 8-year program in universities and some mistakes that should be avoided.Just as the 8-year medical program in medical universities and colleges has been the result of reform and innovation in both system and mentality of medical education in China,bilingual teaching in medicine will also require our new ideas and pioneering spirit.

Objective To evaluate the effect of arsenic trioxide (As2 O3 ) on the proliferation of human renal carcinoma cell line 786-O ,and to explore the changes of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway .Methods Human renal cancer cells 786-O was cultured in 96-well plates ,and divided into the control group (n= 45 holes) and the experimental group (n= 45 holes) .After stimulation by 1 μM As2 O3 and saline ,the cells in 15 holes were collected at 0 ,12 ,and 24 h .BrdU assay was performed to quantify DNA synthesis to evaluate the cells proliferation ,the quantitative PCR was used to measure PI3K and Akt relative mRNA expression ,and Western blot was used to quantify the relative expression levels of of intracellular PI 3K and Akt .Results After 12 ,24 h of As2 O3 stimula-tion ,the amount of DNA synthesis in the observation group was gradually lower than that of the DNA synthesis at 0 h(P<0 .05) and significantly lower than that of the control group at 12 h and 24 h(P<0 .05) .At 0 ,12 ,24 h ,the relative expression level of in-tracellular PI3K and Akt mRNA and protein in the observation group had no significant difference (P>0 .05) ,and the relative ex-pression levels of PI3K and Akt mRNA and protein in the control group were increased as the proliferation was gradually increased . Conclusion As2 O3 inhibits human renal carcinoma cell line 786-O proliferation through inhibiting the PI3K-Akt transduction path-way ,and has potential clinical value for the treatment of kidney cancer .

Objective To evaluate the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and their relation with tumor invasion and metastasis in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder (TCCB). Methods Immunohistochemistry of EliVision were respectively used to determine the MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression in tumor tissues of 46 patients with TCCB and 14 cases of control group which were screened quantitatively (3-5 cm of surrounding tumor) between August 2006 and August 2008. Results Expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in TCCB are obviously higher than the normal control group (P <0.01), expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in level Ⅱ,Ⅲ are obviously higher than in level Ⅰ (P <0.01), but there was no significant relationship between high stage or level Ⅲ and low stage or level Ⅱ (P >0.05). Conclusion The positive expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in tumor tissues correlated with the malignant degree, invasion and metastasis of TCCB, MMP-2, MMP-9 could be useful indicators for the assessment of prognosis of TCCB.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors on re-examination compliance of patients with breast cancer Who were in the stage of recovery.Methods By clinic services and telephones,we investigated the reexamination compliance of 189 cases of breast cancer.Results 66.1% of the cases took periodic re-examinations and on the opposite,33.9% of the patients didn't do so.Statistical meaning could be found from the difference of ages,living sites and survival time limits(P＜0.05).Conclusions The main factors to influence the re-examination compliance of patients with breast cancer are age,living site and survival time limit.And it is possible to improve the re-examination compliance of patients by enhancing health education,raising medicsl levels and service qualities,and creating comfortable environment for patients.

AIM: To study the decomposition reaction kinetics of aqueous salvianolic acid B(Sal B). METHODS: HPLC was applied to determine Sal B's content of samples.Relationship between Sal B's content and heating time was regressed. RESULTS: Decomposition reaction of Sal B's aqueous solution was first order reaction.The effect of temperature on reaction rate of Sal B's decomposition was higher than pH value.At lower temperature(50℃),reaction rate constant K of Sal B's decomposition was very low and it changed very little with pH values. CONCLUSION: Water extraction process of Salvia Militiorrhiza should avoid applying high temperature,alkaline condition and long heating time in order to reduce loss and decomposition of Sal B,and then also increase Sal(B's) content in the extract.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of Chinese materia medica in treating patients with different syndromes by tongue image analysis software 1.0 based on tongue colors, and to discuss the feasibility of applying this computer science-based techniques into drug evaluation. METHODS: The tongue colors and the areas of tongue fur were examined and analyzed by the tongue image analysis software 1.0 in healthy persons and the patients with different syndromes before and after treatment. The parameters of tongue colors consisted of the followings: the hue (H), the lightness (L), the saturation (S), and the values of red (R), green (G) and blue (B). RESULTS: Obvious differences could be revealed in tongue color index between the healthy persons and the patients in five groups of different syndromes. There also existed some significant differences in those index between patients before and after treatment. CONCLUSION: The tongue image analysis software 1.0 based on tongue colors is helpful to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Chinese materia medica.

Objective To detect the expression of urinary nuclear matrix protein 22(NMP22) and cytokeratin 20(CK20) mRNA in the monitoring of bladder tumor recurrence ,and to explore the clinical value of combined detection of urinary NMP22 and CK20 mRNA in the monitoring of bladder tumor recurrence .Methods Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(Nested RT‐PCR) were used to detect the expression of NMP22 and CK20 mRNA in the u‐rine of 46 patients with recurrent bladder cancer tumor (recurrent group) ,66 patients without recurrent tumor (no‐recurrent group) and 40 healthy volunteers(control group) respectively .Results The expression of NMP22 and CK20 mRNA in the urine of control group were negative .There was statistically significant difference between the positive expression rate of NMP 22 and CK20 mRNA in the urines of the recurrent group[78 .3% (36/46) ,80 .4% (37/46))] and that of the no‐recurrent group[6 .1% (4/62) , 6 .1% (4/62)] and the control group respectively (P<0 .01) .There was no statistically significant difference between the no‐recur‐rent group and the control group(P>0 .05) .The expression level of NMP22 in recurrent tumor increased obviously along with the progression of the pathological grade and clinical classification of tumor (P<0 .05) .The positive rate of CK20 mRNA expression in the recurrent group increased obviously along with the increase of the tumor number (P<0 .05) .The sensitivity and specificity of NMP22 for monitoring bladder cancer recurrence were 78 .3% and 93 .9% ,of CK20 mRNA were 80 .4% and 93 .9% .Combined de‐tection of both sensitivity and specificity were 95 .7% and 92 .4% .Statistical significance was observed between combined sensitivi‐ty and that of single detection(P<0 .05) .No significant difference was observed between combined specificity and that of single de‐tection(P>0 .05) .Conclusion The positive expression of CK20 mRNA may also indicate tumor multiplicity .Combined detection of NM P22 and CK20 mRNA significantly increases the sensitivity and specificity in clinical detection .

To investigate the effects of cycloartocarpin A (ACR-2) and artocarpin (ACR-3), monomeric compounds isolated from Fructus Artocarpi Heterophylli, on apoptosis of SMMC-7721 and SGC-7901 cell lines.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of three compounds extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook (TW) on angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). METHODS: Fifty fresh Hongkong Mahua chicken eggs were divided into five groups: PBS-treated group, TW1-, TW2- and TW3-treated groups and Rg3-treated group. After disinfection, the eggs were incubated for six days in a constant temperature box with the temperature being controlled within 37.8 degrees C, then exposed CAM, laid the filter papers with specimen on the CAM, and the eggs were incubated for another two days. CAM was fixed with the mixture of methyl alcohol and acetone at room temperature for about 15 min, and then cutting the CAM, taking photos and observing the angiogenesis in the CAM. RESULTS: There were many CAM vessels in the PBS-treated group and the blood vessel net could be seen clearly. The number of CAM vessels in the TW1-, TW2- and TW3-treated groups (10 microg/egg) was much less than that in the PBS-treated group. Furthermore, the frame of the vessels was not clear, and the color was obscure. Inhibition rates of angiogenesis in the TW1-, TW2- and TW3-treated groups were 80%, 60% and 100% respectively, while the inhibition rate of angiogenesis in the Rg3-treated group (10 microg/egg) was only 10%. CONCLUSION: TW1, TW2 and TW3 can obviously restrain the angiogenesis in CAM and still need further study.

Objective To study the effects of constant and intermittent high glucose on the apoptosis of cultured bovine retinal capillary pericytes (BRPs), and to investigate the role of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in the apoptosis of BRPs. Methods After being cultured under glucose with different concentrations tot 6 days, the change of uhrastructure of BRPs was observed under electronmieroscope, the apoptosis of pericytes was detected by TUNEL method, the mitochondrial inner transmembrane potential (△Ψm) was detected by laser scanning confocal microscopy, the change of cytochrome c (cyt-c) was assayed by spectrophotometer and the expression of apoptotic genes was detected by immunohistochemical method and RT-PCR. Results (1) BRPs showed typical changes of apoptosis in constant and intermittent high glucose concentrations. The apoptosis induced by constant high glucose concentration was more obvious than that by intermittent high glucose. (2) Constant and intermittent high glucose concentrations obviously decreased △Ψm compared with control group. The △Ψm of BRPs was correlated negatively with the apoptotie rate of BRPs (r = - 0.89, P < 0.01) ; (3) Constant and intermittent high glucose concentrations increased the release of cyt-c from mitochondria to cytoplasm, and the concentration of cyt-c in the cytoplasm was correlated positively with the apoptotic rate of BRPs (P < 0.01) ; (4) Constant and intermittent high glucose concentrations increased the expression of proapoptotie gene Bax and decreased the expression of prosurvival gene Bcl-2, resulting in increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was negative correlatied with the △Ψm of BRPs, and positively eorrclaticd with the concentration of cyt-c in cytoplasm and apoptotic rate (both P < 0.01).Conclusion Constant and intermittent high glucose concentrations could decrease △Ψm, increase the release of cyt-c and induce the apoptosis of BRPs, the effects being stronger with constant high glucose concentration. The mitochondrial apoptotic pathway plays an important role in the apoptosis of BRPs, in which Bax and Bcl-2 are involved.