Objective To study the constituents in Melastoma dodecandrum.Methods The constituents were isolated by chromatographic methods,and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic evidences.Results Five compounds were purified and their structures were identified as: daucosterol(Ⅰ),oleanolic acid(Ⅱ),avicularin(Ⅲ),3,7,4′-trimethoxyquercetin(Ⅳ),and atractylenolidone(Ⅴ).Conclusion Compound Ⅴ is a new chemical constituent named atractylenolidone.Compound Ⅳ is isolated from M.dodecandrum for the first time.

Objective To observe the changes of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in typeⅡdiabetic patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) before and after interventional therapy, and to investigate the effects of oxidative stress level and interventional treatment on serum SOD level. Methods During the period from July 2011 to December 2012 at authors’ hospital, a total of 40 patients with type Ⅱ angiography together with balloon dilation and/or stenting was carried out in 24 patients (group B, with Fontaine stage of Ⅱb - Ⅲ). Of the 24 patients in group B, lower limb arterial angiography together with balloon dilation was employed in 16 (group B1) and lower limb arterial angiography together with balloon dilation and stenting was adopted in 8 (group B2). Twenty healthy clinical subjects were used as control group (group C). Before interventional treatment, elbow venous blood samples of patients in group A and B were collected to determine serum lipid, HbA1c and SOD levels. The same tests were also carried out in the subjects of group C. During percutaneous lower extremity arterial intervention , through arterial sheath 3 ml arterial blood specimen was collected in all patients of both group A and B before intervention started. Twenty-four hours after the treatment, venous blood specimen was also collected in all patients to determine serum SOD levels. The results were statistically analyzed. Results Lower limb arterial angiography showed that no obvious arterial stenosis was seen in the patients of group A. The interventional procedures were all successfully completed in all patients of group B. SOD levels of group A, B and C were (46.1 ± 3.13)U/ml, (35.37 ± 3.58)U/ml and (60.50 ± 6.99)U/ml respectively. SOD levels of both group A and B were significantly lower than that of group C (t = 8.420, P < 0.01; t = 14.324, P < 0.01). The level of SOD in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (t = 10.092, P < 0.01). The ankle-brachium indexes (ABI) of group A, B and C were (0.70 ± 0.12), (0.58 ± 0.13) and (1.15 ± 0.07) respectively. ABI of group A and B was significantly lower than that of group C (t = 14.324, P < 0.01; t = 17.392, P < 0.01). ABI of group B was significantly lower than that of group A (t=3.027, P<0.05). SOD level bore a negative correlation with HbA1c level (r=-0.541, P<0.01). In both group A and group B, no significant difference in SOD level existed between the venous blood and arterial blood. The preoperative arterial SOD levels in group B1 and group B2 were (35.70 ± 3.04)U/ml, and (36.07 ± 2.14)U/ml respectively, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. The preoperative SOD levels in the ischemic arterial region in group B1 and group B2 were (32.95 ± 3.52)U/ml and (33.59 ± 2.64)U/ml respectively, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant although these levels were significantly lower than the preoperative arterial SOD levels(t=2.741, P<0.05; t=2.704, P<0.05). After the interventional treatment, the SOD levels in the ischemic arterial region in group B1 and group B2 were (29.40 ± 5.49)U/ml and (26.68 ± 2.31)U/ml respectively, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant although these levels were significantly lower than the preoperative SOD levels in the ischemic arterial region (t = 2.536, P < 0.05; t = 5.005, P < 0.01). No statistically significant differences in SOD levels at each corresponding site existed between group B1 and group B2. Conclusion No significant difference in SOD level exists between the venous blood and the arterial blood. Serum SOD level carries a negative linear correlation with HbA1c level. Before interventional treatment , the SOD level in ischemic region is low, which becomes lower after the interventional procedure, which may be caused by the enhanced oxidative stress reaction that is resulted from the damage of the vascular wall due to interventional manipulations. The enhanced oxidative stress reaction may play an important role in the occurrence of restenosis.

Objective:To observe the changes of blood glucose,insulin and dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ(DPP-Ⅳ/CD26)on type 2 diabetes mellitus in rabbits after HUCBSC( human umbilical cord blood stem cells) transplantation. Methods:18 rabbits were randomly divided into normal control group (6 rats,Group C) and diabetic model group (12 rats). After preparation model of type 2 diabetes,and 6 rats of them were treated with HUCBSC ( CD45+,CD34-) transplantation by ear vein transfusion ( Group A) ,and 6 rats were treated with PBS(Group B). All three groups of rabbits were fed for 4 weeks,and the blood glucose was monitored every day,and the level of blood insulin and DPP-IV/CD26 were measured every week. Results:The negative expression rate of CD34 in HUCBSC was 96. 5%. The positive expression rate of CD45 in HUCBSC was 100%. Compared with non transplantation group,the blood glucose and DPP-IV/CD26 in the umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation group were gradually decreased,and insulin level was gradually increased, the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 01). Conclusion:HUCBSC were round or oval,with adherent growth,HUCBSC trans-plantation can significantly reduce blood glucose, increase insulin secretion, reduce the level of DPP-IV/CD26, the immunological phenotype of HUCBSC was CD45+,CD34-,thus providing a new theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of diabetes and its complica-tions.

Cancer is the most cause death of among adolescents and young adults (AYAs).Psychological distress caused by cancer affects AYAs' effective coping abilities of disease,physical symptoms and treatment.This paper mainly introduces the related concepts,screening tools and intervention progress of psychological distress of AYAs cancer patients to deepen the understanding of these among clinical professionals and provide reference for implement effective interventions to patients.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of intravesical instillation of BCG vaccine in the prevention of early recurrence of middle and high risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.Methods From July 2015,patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer aged 18-75 years with informed consent were screened and underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT).Immediately intravesical instillation of epirubicin 50 mg was given postoperatively.After pathology was comfirmed,patients was enrolled in group 1 (BCG15) or group 2 (BCG 19) or the control group (epirubicin 18) randomly with SAS 9.3 software.Data of follow-up and Adverse event was collected and analyzed.Results By May 31,2019,531 patients were enrolled in the study.The drop-off rate was 20.1％.167 patients (143 males and 24 females)in group 1,172 patients (141 males and 31 females)in group2 and 84(75 males and 9 females) in the control group with follow-up data were analyzed.There were no significant differences in age,gender,BMI,ECOG score,risk stratification between the three groups (P =0.8641,P =0.2906,P =0.9384,P =0.6126).The median follow-up time makes no statistical difference between the groups (P =0.9251),12.0 (6.0,22.5) months,13.0 (6.0,22.3) months,and 13.0 (7.0,22.3) months.The median recurrence time of the three groups was 4.0 (3.0,6.0) months,4.5 (3.0,9.8) months,4.5 (3.0,8.8) months.There was no statistical difference between the three groups (P =0.2852).Risk stratification in the patients got no significant difference between the three groups (P ＞ 0.05).The 1-year recurrence-free survival rates were 80.0％ in the group 1 and 88.3％ in the group 2 and 73.7％ in the control group.The group 2 was superior to the group 1 and the control group (P =0.0281,P =0.0031).There was no significant difference between group 1 and control group (P =0.2951).There was no significant difference in the cumulative recurrence-free survival between the experimental group 1 and the experimental group 2,(95％ CI 0.80-2.43,P =0.2433).The cumulative recurrence-free survival in the group 1 and the group 2 was better than the control group (95 ％ CI 0.31-0.92,P =0.0266;95 ％ CI 0.20-0.65,P =0.0008).All the cases underwent instillation were analyzed for adverse events.The incidence of overall AE(adverse events) in group 1 was 68.5％ (152/222),the incidence of grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ AE was 53.2％ (118/222),the incidence of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ AE was 15.3％ (32/222).The incidence of overall AE in the group 2 was 71.8％ (160/223),the incidence of grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ AE was 60.1％ (134/223),and the incidence of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ AE was 11.7％ (26/223).The overall AE rate in the control group was 53.2％ (59/111),of which the incidence of grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ AE was 42.4％ (47/111),and the incidence of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ AE was 10.8％ (12/111).There was no difference in the incidence of overall AE between the group 1 and the group 2 (P =0.4497).The incidence of AE in the two experimental groups was higher than that in the control group (P =0.0062,P =0.0008).There was no difference in the incidence of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ AE between the three groups (P =0.3902).Conclusions BCG(19 instillation schedule) has a better effect on preventing recurrence after 1 year of bladder surgery,which is superior to epirubicin group.The long-term efficacy of BCG in preventing recurrence and the efficacy of different schedules need to be further followed up.The lower urinary tract symptoms,which are mainly urinary frequency,are one of the causes of case fallout and should be fouced in future.Compared with epirubicin,BCG perfusion does not increase the incidence of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ adverse reactions,and is safe to use.