BACKGROUND: The active ingredients of Chinese herbs, such as hongjingtian (rhodiola root, Radix Rhodiolae), srenshen (ginseng, Radix Ginseng), and danggui (Chinese angelica root, Radix Angelicae Sinensis),were found to be effective to inhibit the hypoxia injury.OBJECTIVE: To observe the protecting effect of xionggui diwan (Dripping Pills) on the hippocampal neurons from hypoxia by whole-cell recording patch-clamp technique.DESIGN: An auto-control observation on cells.SETTING: The 88 Hospital of Chinese PLA and Academy of Military Medical Science of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed during March to August 2002 in the Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology of Academy of Military Medical Sciences of Chinese PLA. The neonatal Wistar rats, clean degree, were used. The hippocampal neuron cells out of 9 rats were cultured and divided into the control groups of before and after hypoxia-oxygenation,and xionggui diwan 1 × 10-6 mol/L and 10 × 10-6 mol/L groups. (Xionggui diwan was provided by the 88 Hospital of Chinese PLA and its active ingredient was the volatile ingredient of chuanxiong and danggui.)METHODS: While hypoxia-reoxygenation groups were not given any medicine intervention as control, the treatment of xionggui diwan 1×10-6mol/L was subdivided into xionggui diwan 1 × 10-6 mol/L + non-hypoxia and xionggui diwan 1 × 10-6 mol/L + hypoxia groups, and the treatment of xionggui diwan 10 × 10-6 mol/L was subdivided into xionggui diwan 10 × 10-6 mol/L + non-hypoxia and xionggui diwan 10 × 10-6 mol/L + hypoxia groups. The patch-clamp technique was performed to determine the Na+ and K+ currents of rat hippocampal neurons cultured in vitro before and after hypoxia-reoxygenation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Na+ and K+ current amplitude of rat hippocampal neurons cultured in vitro.RESULTS:① The Na+ current amplitude of hippocampal neurons: After hypoxia-reoxygenation, it was significantly lower than that before [(-3.8±1.0, -10.3±0.5) nA, t=3.49, P ＜ 0.01]. ② The K+ current amplitude of hippocampal neurons: After hypoxia-reoxygenation, the activation thresholdof K+ current was changed from -40 mV to -20 mV.③The Na+ and K+ currents of hippocampal neurons before and after hypoxia-reoxygenation with xionggui diwan pretreatment: Before hypoxia-reoxygenation, the ampli tudes of Ⅰ Na and J K of hippocampal neurons at the threshold point were very similar, without significant difference. After hypoxia-reoxygenation,those amplitudes of xionggui diwan 10.0 × 10-6 mol/L group were higher than that of xiongguidiwan 1.0 × 10-6 mol/L group [(-58.5±1.9, -6.9±1.4,-3.8±1.0) nA, t=7.51,P ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION: It was suggested that xionggui diwan propect the function of hippocampal neurons from hypoxia.

Objective To explore the influence of IFN-? on anti-proliferation and apoptosis of the Caspase-8 silenced neuroblastoma cell line induced by doxorubicin and the influence mechanism.Methods MTT and flow cytometric analysis were used to detect the survival and apoptosis rates before and after the combined treatment of IFN-? and doxorubicin.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of caspase-8 protein before and after the treatment of IFN-?.Results The survival rates of doxorubicin(0.03,0.10,0.30?g/ml)used alone for 24h were(95.62?13.03)%,(82.62?7.94)%,(64.84?9.19)%,IFN-?(10,100,1000U/ml)used alone for 48h were(98.37%?11.25)%,(97.15?5.36)%,(98.84?7.41)%.The survival rates of IFN-?(1000U/ml)combined with different concentration of doxorubicin(0.03,0.10,0.30?g/ml)were significantly lower than that of doxorubicin(0.03,0.10,0.30?g/ml)alone.The apoptosis rate of doxorubicin(0.30?g/ml)alone was(22.00?6.55)%,IFN-?(1000U/ml)alone was (8.22?4.00)%,whereas the apoptosis rate of the combined treatment of IFN-? and doxorubicin wassignificantly higher than that of doxorubicin alone;Immunohistochemical staining showed that caspase-8 protein was negative in SH-SY5Y cell line,whereas it become positiveafter the treatment of IFN-?(1000U/ml)for 48h.Conclusion Treating human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y cell with doxorubicin may induce anti-proliferation and apoptosis.Combined treatment with IFN-? may significantly increase this effect.The mechanism may be realized by upregulating the expression of caspase-8 protein.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of Xionggui dripping pills on sensitivity of baroreflex in selective sinoaortic denervated rats.METHODS:The dynamic blood pressures were monitored in selective sinoaortic denervated rats in waking stait,and the changes of baroreflex senitivity(BRS)were measured by modified SU Smyth method.RESULTS:Xionggui drip_ ping pill could improve BRS in sinus denervated rats.CONCLUSION:Since Xionggui dripping pill rectifies autonomic nerve function,it can protect target organs from damage in cardiovascular diseases.

The examinations of blood and bone marrow in 125 patients with visceral leishmaniasis revealed that seven routine parameters of the blood samples were below the lower limit of normal in most cases and 64.8% of the cases showed complications with iron deficiency anemia(IDA) and cell maturation disorders.Therefore, iron deficiency anemia and significant reduction of blood components can be used as indicators on the severity of Leishmania infection.

Objective To study the stability of anticoagulant peptide Hirulog-S and its lyophilized product, and to provide data on the storage conditions and clinical applications.Methods RP-HPLC was used to determine the content and the related substances of Hirulog-S and its lyophilized powder with influence factor test, accelerated test and long-term storage test.Results Light, temperature and humidity had no significant effect on the stability of Hirulog-S and its lyophilized powder in the influence factor test.The content and related substances of Hirulog-S and its lyophilized powder did not significantly change in the accelerated test ( 40℃, RH75%) and 24-month long-term storage test at room temperature and 4℃.Conclusion Hirulog-S and its lyophilized product are very stable, even after being stored at room temperature for two years.

Objective To construct a plasmid DNA encoding G glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) and investigate the protective immune response against RSV infection. Methods Recombinant plasmid DNA of pcDNA3.1~G was constructed by standard RT-PCR based cloning procedure. The immunogenicity of recombinant G protein transiently expressed in HEK293 cells was detected by Western blot. BABL/c mice were intramuscularly immunized with pcDNA3.1~G. Samples of lung, sera, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were collected before and after RSV challenge; virus titer in lung was detected by viral titration; sections of paraffin embedding lung tissues were stained by haematoxylin and eosin(HE) for histological analyses; sera anti-RSV IgG levels were examined by ELISA; Th1/Th2 cytokine were detected by ELISA kit, the T lymphocyte subsets of BALF was determined by immunefluorescence staining followed by flow cytometry. Results Plasmid DNA of pcDNA3.1~G was successfully constructed. The expressed target protein possesses immunogenicity. After challenge, pcDNA3.1~G immunized mice presented relieved pathological changes in lung as well as reduced lung viral titers. The RSV specific IgG was detected in sera of immunized mice. There was significantly increased number of CD25~+CD4~+ T cells in mice BALF. Conclusion We constructed a pcDNA3.1~G plasmid DNA vaccination which can induce evident protective cellular immunity against RSV infection in mice with the increased number of CD25~+CD4~+ T cell subpopulation.

Objective To assess the effect of recombinant human leukemia inhibitory factor (rhLIF) on mouse embryo development in vitro Methods Mice were randomly divided to three groups, one in vivo control (group Ⅰ) and two in vitro (group Ⅱ and Ⅲ) Mice were sacrificed at 116 120 hours (group Ⅰ) and 44-48 hours (group Ⅱ and Ⅲ) subsequent human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection Two cell embryos (group Ⅱ and Ⅲ) and blastocysts (group Ⅰ) were obtained Embryos in group Ⅱwere cocultured with human tubal fluid (HTF) + 10% human serum and in group Ⅲ with HTF + 10% human serum+rhLIF (1 000 U/ml) The number of embryo in different stage was recorded and compared Results Embryo in four, eight cell and morula was noted in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ, 87 7% versus 91 2% and 75 0% versus 85 4% respectively There was no significant difference. However, further embryo development to the blastocyst, expanded blastocyst, and hatching blastocyst in group Ⅱ (48 1%, 32 1% and 18 4%) was lower than that in group Ⅲ (82 3%, 59 7% and 36 3%) There was no difference between blastocyst in group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ (86 0% vs 82 3%). Conclusion RhLIF does not provide obvious stimulation in early mouse embryo, however, rhLIF can promote the growth, differentiation, and hatching of preimplantion blastocyst

Objective To investigate the incidence of osteoarthritis disease, related factor and need of rehabilitation services. Methods 13579 questionnaires were sent randomly to the permanents resident in Xuhui District, and 12419 returned. Results The morbidity of cervical syndrome, lumbar diseases, knee osteoarthritis were 22.74%, 31.45%, and 23.37%, and more in females (P＜0.01). 23.12%, 16.59%, 20.12% patients with cervical syndrome, lumbar diseases, knee osteoarthritis accepted rehabilitation respectively, and 28.08%,36.05%, 34.18% accepted self-exercise. The top 3 complications were hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and gastropathy. Conclusion It is important to improve the rehabilitation intervention and health education to the females and the elders, as well as the community health services and the community general practice team.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of 18F-FDG PET/CT in assessing the radiosensitizing effect of oleanolic acid (OA) in C6 rat glioma model,and to explore the possible mechanism of radiosensitizing effect of OA.Methods Thirty-two C6 glioma-bearing SD rats were divided into 4 groups by random number table:group A without OA and radiotherapy,group B with OA alone,group C with radiotherapy alone,group D with OA and radiotherapy.18F-FDG PET/CT was performed before radiotherapy,at 24 h and 7 d after radiotherapy.The tumor SUVmax was measured.All rats were sacrificed and tumor tissues were excised for HE and immunohistochemistry staining.Paired t test,one-way analysis of variance,LSD-t test and Spearman correlation analysis were performed to analyze the data using SPSS 13.0.Results There was no statistically significant difference in SUVmax among the 4 groups (SUVmax of groups A,B,C,D:5.252± 0.536,5.261±0.544,5.273±0.520,5.232±0.507) before treatment (F=0.008,P＞0.05).At 24 h postradiotherapy,SUVmax of groups C and D (4.766±0.511 and 4.403 ±0.486) decreased significantly (t =14..788,13.366,both P＜0.05);while groups A and B (5.680±0.635 and 5.763±0.689) increased significantly (t =-11.578,-8.651,both P＜0.05;F=10.550,P＜0.05).However,there was no statistically significant difference between groups C and D (t =1.453,P＞0.05).At 7 d post-radiotherapy,SUVmax of groups C and D decreased significantly (t =9.750,10.530,both P＜0.05);while SUVmax of groups A and B (t=-35.353,-6.884,both P＜0.05) increased significantly (F=97.691,P＞0.05).SUVmax of Group D decreased significantly compared with that of group C (t =5.329,P＞0.05).Less tumor cells and more areas of necrosis were observed in group D compared with those in other groups by HE staining.The expression of HIF-1α was lower in group D than that in other groups by immunohistochemistry staining.HIF-1α expression was positively correlated with SUVmax(r=0.853,P＜0.05).Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT has potential to evaluate the radiosensitizing effect of OA in vivo,and the radiosensitization of OA might be related to the down regulation of HIF-1α.