Objective To discuss the efficacy of ambroxol hydrochloride inhalation in treatment of infantile pneumonia.Methods Totally 80 pneumonia infants were selected and randomly divided into two groups.The control group (39 cases) were given anti-infection,cough-relieved,and other treatment.The observation group (41 cases) were given ambroxol hydrochloride inhalation on the basis of control group treatment.The efficacy of ambroxol hydrochloride inhalation in treatment of infantile pneumonia was evaluated by efficacy,clinical symptoms disappearing time,red blood cell hematocrit,blood viscosity,and adverse reaction during treatment.Results After treatment,the effective rate of observation group was higher than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05).There were 38 infants in observation group and 28 infants in control group with cough and dyspnea alleviated and phlegm reduced.After atomizing inhalation of ambroxol hydrochloride,the cough,pulmonary rales disappearing time and hospitalization time were significantly shortened (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the red blood cell hematocrit and blood viscosity of observation group was lower than that of control group (P ＜ 0.05).During treatment,there was no statistical significance on adverse reaction between two groups.Conclusion Ambroxol hydrochloride inhalation has a good curative effect on infantile pneumonia.It could improve the symptoms of pneumonia and reduce blood viscosity with good safety,which is worthy of clinical use.

Objective To evaluate clinical effect of mild hypothermia on patients with severe brain injury.Methods 40 patients with severe brain injury were randomly divided into hypothermic group(n=20) and control group(n=20).Their excellence rates cvere compared.Results The total excellence rate of treatment group was 80% and that of control group was 50%,the former was significantly higher than the latter.Conclusion Mild hypothermia can improve the outcome of patients with severe brain injury.

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is an autoimmune liver disease with unclear pathogenesis.The amino acid composition and sequence in the complementarity-determining region 3 of T cell receptor (TCR) and B cell receptor (BCR) are highly diverse, which forms a large antigen recognition receptor repertoire, i.e., immune repertoire.In recent years, second-generation sequencing techniques combined with multiplex PCR or amplicon rescue multiplex PCR have been used to study the features of immune repertoire in PBC patients, and it has been found that PBC patients have clonal expansion of specific CD4+ T lymphocytes, clonal diversity of B lymphocytes, somatic hypermutation, and reduction in class switch, as well as increase in clonal diversity after treatment with ursodeoxycholic acid.These findings need to be confirmed by large-scale in vivo and in vitro studies and different immune repertoire research strategies.

Objective To discuss the value of percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy(PDT) for cardiosurgery in intensive care unit by comparing its outcomes with that of open tracheotomy(OT).MethodsA prospective study was conducted on 40 severe patients undergoing cardiosurgery.The patients were divided into PDT(treated from January 2002 to July 2003) and OT groups(treated from August 2003 to February 2008) with 20 cases in each.The operation time,length and heal time of the incision,blood loss,vital signs,and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe operation time,length and heal time of the incision in the PDT group were significantly different from that in the OT group [(8.8?2.2) min vs(21.5?5.3) min,t=-9.897;(1.3?0.2) cm vs(3.4?0.5) cm,t=-17.440;and(3.9?0.9) d vs(5.9?1.2) d,t=-5.963;P=0.000].One patient in the PDT group(5%) had Ⅱ degree blood loss during the operation that was significantly less than those in the OT group(13 patients,65%,?2=15.824,P=0.000).The level of the vital signs change in the PDT group was significantly milder than those in the OT group [MAP: 1-5 mm Hg(median 2) vs 1-20 mm Hg(median 3.5),Z=-2.959,P=0.003;heart rate: 3-12 beats/min(median 5.5) vs 7-70 beats/min(median 10),Z=-3.956,P=0.000;SpO2: 0-4%(median 2%) vs 0-31%(median 3.5%),Z=-3.548,P=0.000].Furthermore,the rate of incisional leakage of sputum and overall rate of complications in the PDT group were significantly lower than those in the OT group.[1(5%) vs 8(40%),?2=5.161,P=0.023;and 1(5%) vs 12(60%),?2=13.789,P=0.000].ConclusionsPDT is a safe and minimally invasive technique with a high rate of success and low rate of complications.The method is easy to operate,and thus could be a good choice for severe patients after cardiovascular surgeries.

Objective To investigate the effect of sodium demethylcantharidate injection on adherence,invasion and metastasis and to investigate the related mechanism in human hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2.Methods Adherence ability,migration and invasion of HepG2 cells inhibited by sodium demethylcantharidate injection were assessed by MTT and Transwell techniques.Expression levels of MMP-9 protein in HepG2 cells were determined by immunohistochemistry.Results The number of adhesion,migration and invasion of HepG2 cells were significantly lower in sodium demethylcantharidate injection group than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).HepG2 cells co-incubated with sodium demethylcantharidate injection in the concentration of 0.25 μg/ml for 30,60,90 and 120 min showed higher cell adhesion than the control group.The adhesion inhibition ratios were 48.11％,33.81％,28.97 ％ and 16.83 ％,respectively.The migration and invasion inhibition rates were 64.19 ％ and 58.19 ％.With concentration of sodium demethylcantharidate injection to increasing,expression levels of MMP-9 protein in HepG2 cells more and more lower than control group.Conclusion The adherence,migration and invasion abilities of HepG2 cells are markedly inhibited by sodium demethylcantharidate injection,the mechanisms is possible related to the expression levels of MMP-9 protein.

The technique of RNA interference has been used in the area of cardiovascular system. Chitosan nanoparticles(CS-NP) has been a hotspot of the research due to its good biological characteristics and has a great potential to be used as the carrier for gene delivery. This article gives a simple review the application of the techniques, the currently used preparation methods of CS-NP, the factors that affect the rate of complexing of plasmid with CS-NP, the transfection efficiency of plasmid CS-NP compounds, and its in vitro drug releasing behavior.

Objective:To study the diagnostic value of audiological and vestibular function examination in the pontocerebellar angle tumor.Method:The data of audiological and vestibular function test were analized retrospectively in 20 subjects with tumors of the pontocerebellar angle.Result:Pure tone and ABR waveforms were abnormal in 20 subjects (21 ears),moreover acoustic stapedius reflex and the vestibular function were abnormal in 19 subjects.Conclusion:It′s valuable that audiological and vestibular function examinations are able to diagnosis the pontocerebellar angle tumor.

Objective To explore the characteristics of family functioning between parents and adolescent and the association of adolescents' self-esteem,and depression.Methods Data were collected from reports of 257 middle school students and their parents in Shanghai,and by self-evaluation questionnaires including the depression scale,the self-esteem scale,and the family adaptability and cohesion scale.Results ①Adolescent perceived more negative than parents in the family adaptability (69.02 ± 11.49),(70.60± 9.60) and cohesion (43.84 ± 9.25),(46.56±7.86),and the difference in family adaptability were significant (t=4.064,P＜0.01).② Adolescents' self-esteem positively related to their family cohesion(r=0.525) and adaptability (r=0.427,P＜0.01),while depression negatively related to family cohesion(r=-0.565) and adaptability (r=-0.475,P＜0.01).③Students in families with high adolescent-parent perceptual differences in family functioning showed more depressive symptom,lower level of self-esteem than those in low adolescent-parent perceptual differences,and the difference were significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Adolescents' self-esteem,depression symptoms are significantly related to their familyadaptability and cohesion,the adolescent-parent perceptual differences in family functioning may also affect adolescents' psychological well being.

Objective To evaluate the influences of artifical plasma substitutes on blood coagulation and fibrinoglysisMethods Forty adult patients, ASA grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ, scheduled for selective surgery ,were randomly allocated to receiving intravenous infusion of hydroxyethylh starch(HES group), polygeline (Haemaccel,HAE group), succinylated gelatin (Gelofusine,GEL group), or normal saline (control group) at the rate of 20ml?kg -1?h -1in 60 min ,respectively, with 10 cases in each groupThe venous blood samples were taken before and 1h following the infusion to determine platelet count(PLC),platelet agglutgtination test(PAG), platelet factor 3 availability test(PF 3at), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), prothrombin time(PT), thrombin time(TT), fibrinogen(FIB), tissue plasminogen(t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor(PAI:A)Results In HAE group PAG decreased significantly, and PT was prolonged markedly after the infusion(P005)In GEL group only FIB reduced obviously after the infusion ,additionally was remarkably lower than that in control group(P

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Bupleuri plus Saliva miltiorrhiza on preventing the formation of hepatic fibrosis in rats METHODS:To establish an animal model of hepatic fibrosis by feeding high fat diet and 10% alcohol and subcutaneously injecting CCl4 and to detect the zymogram and biochemical parameters and observe the pathological changes of liver tissue RESULTS:Bupleuri and Saliva miltiorrhiza could significantly depress the activities of ALT,AST,MAO,ALP and had no influence on the ?-GT in serum,the serum TG was decreased and TG in tissue was obviously raised and serum GSH was elevated in hepatic fibrosis rat The extract could significantly decreased the levels of PC Ⅰ and PC Ⅲ in hepatic fibrosis rat The histopathological examination showed that the extract could diminish liver degeneration and necrosis,and block the formation of fiber diazoma,the degree of collagen proliferation was significantly lower than that of the control group CONCLUSION:Bupleuri and Saliva miltiorrhea extract could effectively protect the liver cell,and could retard the formation of hepatic fibrosis as well