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Object To separate and purify andrographolide by supercritical CO 2 extraction and crystallization. Methods The method of systematic observation was used to investigate the crystal appearance, purity and mass of andrographolide by supercritical CO 2 extraction and crystallization, analyzing by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and HPLC. Results The higher the pressure, the smaller and shorter the crystal shape, and the purer the purity, the more the mass of andrographolide. Conclusion This technique is a innovation of traditional supercritical fluid extraction (SCFE) technique, which realizes highly effectual separation of andrographolide by supercritical CO 2 extraction and synchronous crystallization, developes a new technology to separate andrographolide and other active ingredients from Chinese traditional herbs.

Objective To investigate changes of metabolism of glucose and lipoids in diabetes before and after Ramadan. Methods A total of 65 Muslim fasting diabetic patients, with complete data, were investigated about their diet and administrated medicines before and after the fasting and occurrence of hypoglycemia during the fasting. Indexes of WEIGHT, WAISTLINE, BMI, FPG, 2h-PG, HbA1c, TG, TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C were evaluated by questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory tests. Results During Ramadan, fasting time was prolonged (P＜0.01), intake of lipoids and protein were increased obviously (P＜0.01) and a significant increase of 2 h-PG, HbA1c (P=0.0149, 0.0175) was detected after Ramadan in s fasting group. No significant difference was found in WEIGHT, WAISTLINE, BMI, TG, TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C. Blood glucose was improved significantly in the control group than the fasting group. Conclusion Life style was changed obviously leading to unsatisfactory controlling of blood glucose in Muslim diabetic patients during Ramadan.

Objective To discuss the application value of DWI and ADC on predicting therapeutic effect of radiotherapy treatment in NPC. Methods Twenty four local recurrent cases and 38 non-recurrent cases after radiotherapy treatment in NPC were reviewed. MRI and DWI-MRI were performed at pre-radiotherapy and 3, 6, 12 months after treatment, the ADC values of the lesions were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 statistical software. ROC curves based on the ADC values were measured in 3, 6, 12 months after treatment plotted to analyze the threshold ADC value for confirming recurrence. Results The recurrent group and newly diagnosed group showed significantly high signal on DWI, while the non-recurrent group acquired low or mixed signal. The ADC values of the primary tumor in the recurrent group and the non-recurrent group were (0.709 ± 0.078) × 10-3 and (0.693 ± 0.089) × 10-3mm2/s, respectively, t=-0.717,P>0.05, respectively.The ADC values of the primary and recurrent tumor in the recurrent group were (0.730± 0.068) × 10-3mm2/s and (0.709 ± 0.078) × 10-3mm2/s, t=-1.000,P>0.05 , respectively.There were statistical differences between the recurrent group and the non-recurrent group for ADC in 3, 6, 12 months after treatment:(1.128 ± 0.179) × 10-3 and (1.358 ± 0.145) × 10-3mm2/s, t=5.567,P<0.01;(1.164 ± 0.174) and (1.450 ± 0.102) × 10-3mm2/s, t=7.310,P<0.01;(1.107 ± 0.180) × 10-3 and (1.584 ± 0.125) × 10-3mm2/s, t=11.189,P<0.01;respectively. Take 1.29 × 10-3 mm2/s,1.32 × 10-3mm2/s,1.37 × 10-3mm2/s respectively in 3, 6, 12months after treatment as the diagnostic threshold to predict tumor recurrence. The sensitive , specificity, and accuracy were (83.3%, 73.7%, 77.4%), (83.3%, 89.5%, 87.1%), (100.0%, 94.7%, 96.3%).Conclusions Both DWI and ADC value are important for diagnosing and predicting recurrent NPC after radiotherapy treatment, DWI and ADC can be used to regular follow-up after radiotherapy, to further improve the rate of early diagnosis of recurrent NPC.

Objective Background and objective The Cox maze Ⅲ procedure has been considered the gold standard for the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) and the modified Cox maze use bipolar radiofrequency ablation instead of the cut-and-sew technique,while also reducing the connecting lines in left atrium.This study was to understand whether completely isolation the posterior left atrium by increasing left atrium ablation lines can enhance the survival after modified Cox maze procedure.Methods From Jan 2009 to Dec 2009,all the patients underwent the Cox maze procedure,following the same examination,were divided into two groups (case-control): box lesion group (n =60),which is means the right and lefi pulmonary vein lesions were connected inferiorly by adding ablation lines,thereby completely isolating the posterior left atrium and the non-box lesion group (n =60).Similar interventions were given during the perioperative periods.Comparing the risk factors before surgeries,then follow-up was 100％ complete,and the mean follow-up was 9 ± 8.4 months.Results Except the box lesion had long time of extracorporeal circulation,the characteristics of the 2 groups were similar because there were no differences in age,AF duration,left atrial diameter,left ventricular ejection fraction or homochronous operation between the groups and there was no operative death.No patient was lost to follow-up.In the mean follow-up duration,a patient was died of intracerebral hemorrhage at 2 months postoperationly in the box lesion group and a patient suffered from stroke at 12 months postoperationly in the non-box lesion.The overall freedom from AF recurrence was higher in the box lesion group at 1 (70％ vs 51.2％,P =0.039) and 3 (78.3％ vs 60％,P =0.030) months.While it was 80％ vs 71.7％ (P =0.286) at 6 months.Eight patients wrere readmitted because of the recurrence of AF,4 and 2 patients underwent catheter ablation in box and non-box group respectively,one patient in each group underwent electrical conversion.After treatment,all of the patients were recovered to sinus rhythm and continued to take cordarone.Conclusion Compared to the single connecting between right and left pulmonary vein,isolating the entire posterior left atrium by creating a box lesion showed higher freedom from AF in the earlier months (1-3months).However,half a year after the surgery,there were no significant differences between the two groups.

To study the secondary metabolites of a marine-derived fungus Ascotricha sp. ZJ-M-5, several chromatographic methods including macroporous resin, silica gel, ODS and Sephadex LH-20 were used to isolate the compounds, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic methods. Ten compounds were obtained and identified as ascotrichic acid B (1), (3R)-6-hydroxymellein (2), beta-carboline (3), (22E, 24R)-ergosta-7, 22-diene-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta-triol (4), (22E, 24R)-ergosta-7, 22-diene-3beta, 5alpha, 6beta, 9alpha-tetraol (5), cyclo (Leu-Pro) (6), cyclo (Ile-Leu) (7), cyclo (Pro-Val) (8), cyclo (Pro-Gly) (9), and cyclo (Hpro-Ala) (10). Among them, compound 1 is a new 3, 4-seco-lanostane triterpenoid which has been isolated from the filamentous fungi for the first time, and compounds 2-10 are firstly isolated from Ascotricha genus.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on enteric nervous injury in rats exposed to malathion.METHODS Adult male Wistar rats were treated with non-load swi mming every other day,three ti mes a week,each one hour,for six weeks.Before exercise,the rats were trea-ted with malathion 100 mg·kg -1·d -1 by oral gavage,six days a week,for six weeks.The activities of seru m acetylcholinesterase(AChE)and butyrocholinesterase(BuChE)were determined.In addition,the s mall intestinal propulsion indexes were measured.Also,the distribution of nerve plexus in ileu m was observed.The i mmunohistoche mical method was used to measure the levels of protein gene-related petide 9.5 (PGP9.5),substance P (SP),and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).RESULTS Co m-pared with normal control,malathion exposure decreased the activities of seru m AChE and BuChE (P<0.01 ),increased the s mall intestinal propulsion indexes (P <0.05).In addition,the levels of PGP9.5 decreased (P<0.05).At the sa me ti me,the levels of SP increased,and the levels of VIP decreased (P<0.05).Aerobic exercise did not change the activites of cholinesterases,but decreased s mall intes-tinal propulsion indexes,increased the levels of PGP9.5,decreased the levels of SP,and increased the levels of VIP.Co mpared with the malathion exposure only,the rats in malathion ad ministration co mbined with aerobic exercise group de monstrated much lower activites of cholinesterase (P <0.01 ),and the s mall intestinal propulsion indexes decreased fro m (89 ±4)% to (79 ±5)%(P <0.01 ).Moreover,the levels of PGP9.5 increased fro m 0.012 ±0.003 to 0.029 ±0.015 (P <0.01 ).At the sa me ti me,the levels of SP decreased fro m0.174 ±0.067 to 0.1 10 ±0.057(P<0.05),and the levels of VIP increased fro m 0.0076 ±0.0029 to 0.01 1 1 ±0.0047 (P <0.05).The levels of above para meters were sa me or close to those of the normal control.CONCLUSION Malathion exposure induced disorders of enteric nervous syste m in rats,and the aerobic exercise abated the toxic response in enteric nervous syste m of malathion exposure rats.However,these effects were not mediated through recovery of cholinesterases inhibition.

Objective Toll-like receptor ( TLR) gene family is the most important pathogen recognition receptor and animal experiment have found TLR4 mice is inclined to infect aspergillosis ( IA) .The study was to investigate the variation of TLR4 gene in Chinese Han nationality and its relation with the susceptibility of IA. Methods 25 patients diagnosed with proven IA from June 2011 to December 2012 in our hospital were enrolled, among which 17 were males.Their average age was 52.4 ±12.3, and 12 pa-tients had underlying diseases, the others had no underlying diseases.The control group consisted of 103 normal persons, among which 70 were males.Their average age was 56.0 ±17.2.All of the subjects were Chinese Han population.DNA was extracted from periph-eral blood.Polymerase chain reaction ( PCR) was applied to amplify the coding sequence of TLR4 gene followed by sequencing.The sequencing result was compared with TLR4 coding sequence in NCBI GenBank along with the analysis on amino acid change caused by genetic mutation and its effect on protein function.Comparison analysis was made on genetic mutation rate between IA group and con-trol group. Results Two missense mutations,TLR4 219 C>G and 1420 C>T, were identified in TLR4.The prediction result of protein structure showed 219 C>G resulted in the change of functional area for TLR4 to recognize pathogen and 1420 C>T caused no change in domains.The variation rate of TLR4 in IA group was 8%( 2/25 ) and both the patients had no underlying diseases. No mutation has been founded in control group and the difference between two groups was of statistical significance (P=0.037). Conclusion Two missense mutations (219 C>G and 1420 C>T) have been detec-ted in encoding area of TLR4 gene of IA patients.Variation in the cod-ing region of TLR4 gene may increase the susceptibility to IA.

Objective To study the relation between the positive rate of platelet antibody and the frequency of platelet transfusion,the total quantity of platelet transfusion,the gender of patients,the blood group of patients through statistic analysis of the data gathered from patients.Methods A total of 5 745 results of platelet antibodies detection assay throughout the year of 2016 were gathered,and statistical relation between the positive rate of platelet antibody and the gender of patients,the blood group of patients and the frequency of platelet transfusion were analyzed.Results The results of platelet antibodies detection assay show that 108 patients were positive among 5 745 patients,and the positive rate of platelet antibody was 1.87％.There were no relations between the positive rate of platelet antibody and the gender of patients or the blood group of patients,while the positive rate of platelet antibody and the frequency of platelet transfusion were positively correlated.Conclusion Platelet antibody production could impact the therapeutic effect of platelet transfusion.Patients with platelet antibodies should receive matching platelet to ensure the therapeutic effect.

Objective To examine whether the minimally invasive video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) in atrial septal defect(ASD) closure yields better clinical outcome equivalent to those of more established procedures,such as median sternotomy,moreover,to provide our own clinical experience in ASD Closure.Methods From January 2012 to January 2013,100 ASD patients were treated,50 patients received traditional open heart surgery (OHS group),17 males and 33 females,aged(23.3 ± 7.5) years,weighted (47.5 ± 16.5) kg; 50 patients underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS group),20 males and 30 females,(22.6 ± 8.2) years old and (49.6 ± 17.2) kg weight.Collected and analyzed the clinical date of intraoperation and postoperation.Results All patients survived after surgery without serious complications like death.Clinical date of both group(OHS group vs.VATS group)include:Total operating room time (121.3 ± 20.5) min vs.(105.3±17.5) min (P＜0.05); tracheal intubation time in ICU (210.0±36.5) min vs.(100.0 ±47.5) min(P＜0.05) ; volume of thoracic drainage after operation (350.3 ± 50.8) ml vs.(47.0 ± 10.9) ml (P ＜ 0.005) ; postoperative length of hospital stay (6.2 ± 1.7) days vs.(4.4 ± 1.5) days (P ＜ 0.005).Rate of return to work in 3 weeks of postoperation 0 vs.78.4％ (P ＜ 0.005).Conclusion Completed VATS in ASD closure is less invasive,accelerates recovery and maintains overall surgical efficacy,which brings good economic and social benefits.For the appropriate patients,and for the experienced and skilled surgeon,completed VATS is the best method of choice of ASD closure in our department.