This paper reports the methods of preparation of ?-BT-HRP conjugates. In the conditions of our laboratory we got this conjugate using the periodate method. Nevertheless, the conjugates were not able to be synthesized by the classical one-step and two-step glutaraldehyde methods. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that for the preparation of ?-BT-HRP the periodate method is very simple and effective

There are many causes of children cerebral infarction, including cerebrovascular malformation,autoimmune cerebrovascular phlogistic, infection, trauma and the high state of blood coagulation. Because the brain development is not mature, the children is the high-risk group of traumatic cerebral infarction. The early diagnosis of traumatic cerebral infarctions relies on the dynamic performance of the clinical observation, taking head CT or MRI quickly, especially diffusion-weighted imaging, which is more sensitive on the judgement of acute cerebral infarction period. Common sites of traumatic cerebral infarction are basal ganglia. The infarcts are usually small. Treatment on traumatic cerebral infarction must give priority to non-operation. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can provide better prognosis than adults.

General biology is a preclinical course for seven-year program students.It is important for students to grasp the fundamental ideas in the course.Holding contests of lecturing on biomedicine in postgenome era is a good application of the teaching-and-learning-through-interest technique.It aims at broadening students’vision,making students familiar with cutting-edge technologies in biology and enhancing their ability to search and read literatures,and so on.

Objective To study the effect of Nurrl gene on the differentiation of rats' marrow stromal cells(MSCs) into neurous under the co-inducement of total panax notoginserg saponins(tPNS) and all-trans-retineic acid(ATRA) by coloning the Nurrl gene and transfecting it into MSCs. Methods Expressing plasmids pcDNA3.1-hygro-Nurrl were cloned,then transfected into MSCs with lipofectamine 2000.To begin with,MSCs were subcultured into 6-wells cultured plate at about 5?10~5 cells/well density and the wells were divided into four groups randomly which were Nurrl+tPNS/ATRA group,tPNS/ATRA group,Nurrl group and control group.Secondly,the plasmids were introduced to the MSCs in Nurrl+tPNS/ATRA group and Nurrl group,then protein expression of Nurrl was identified with immunocytochemistry.Thirdly,after the MSCs and plasmids had been co-cultured for 48 hours,cells in Nurrl+tPNS/ATRA group and tPNS/ATRA group were induced with BME in advance then with tPNS/ATRA in due form.For cells in Nurrl and control group,the only difference was that tPNS/ATRA was replaced with the culture.Finally we compared the different percentage of positive cells in four groups with TH,AChE and GABA antibodies by immunocytochemistry method. Results The immunocytochemical test showed that the MSCs transfected with Nurrl gene expressed Nurrl protein.The percentage of positive cells of TH antibody in Nurrl+tPNS/ATRA group was(38.4?4.6)% distinctly higher than that of tPNS/ATRA group,which was(5.9?3.4)%.Conclusion With tPNS/ATRA induced and immunocytochemistry of TH,positive cells percentage in Nurrl+tPNS/ATRA group was higher than that in tPNS/ATRA group,which showed a statistic difference.And the inducing function of tPNS and ATRA in MSCs differentiating into neurons was definite.

Thirteen albino rats with body weight approximately from 0.4～0.6 kg were used in the experiment. Each was injected with 0.1 ?l of 30％ HRP (Sigma Type Ⅵ) solution into one of several portions of the cingulate gyrus. Two days after the injection, the animals were sacrificed and processed with Nauta's DAB and Edward's O-D methods. The results were as follows:1. Area 25 and 32 receive the fibers from areas 3, 1, 2 and globus pallidus on the ipsilateral side, and from areas 10, and 24, caudoputamen nucleus, lateral nucleus of the hypothalamus, intercavernous nucleus of the stria terminalis on both sides. The labeled cells were also found in areas 25 and 32 on contralateral side.2. Area 24 receives fibers from area 32 and the lateral part of the dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus on the ipsilateral side, and from area 10, the anterior olfactory nucleus, caudoputamen nucleus, and septal nucleus on both sides and from areas 4 and 24 on the contralateral side.3. Areas 23 and 29 receive the fibers from areas 24,17, and 18 on the ipsilateral side, and from areas 23,29,32,25 and rostral part of the linear nucleus on the contralateral side.The results prove that the cingulate area widely receives the afferent fibers from cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus and midbrain.

Objective To understand AIDS related knowledge and behaviors among female sex workers(FSWs) and their male clients from the same community.Methods One hundred and seventy seven FSWs and one hundred and fifty four male clients were recruited from entertainment venues in the same community by random sampling,and anonymous questionnaires were administered separately.Results(1)Over 80% of FSWs and their male clients understood the basic routes of HIV transmission,but many of them were unclear about non-HIV transmission routes.(2)97.7% of FSWs and 84.2% of the male clients used condoms during their commericial sexual intercourse.The frequency of using condoms during sex with casual or regular sex partners was lower than that during the commercial sexual intercourse(P

Objective To explore the role of Hippo pathway in the pathogenesis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD),and find potential targets for drug therapy.Methods By means of immunofluorescence staining,Western blotting,Real-time PCR,the differences of sublocalization,expression and phosphorylation level about Hippo pathway molecules in Han:SPRD (cy/+) and ADPKD patients compared with the control were observed.Knockdown Yes kinaseassociated protein (YAP),transcriptional coactivator with PDZ binding motif (TAZ) and large tumor suppressor kinase1 (LATS1) in cystic lining epithelium cell line WT9-12 were took by siRNA interference,and then their effects on cell proliferation,apoptosis and cell cycle were assessed.Results In cystic lining epithelium of Han:SPRD(cy/+),decreased expression of LATS1 and increased expression of YAP were found compared with the control,and the immunofluorescence of YAP was distributed both in cytoplasm and nucleus,while distribution and expression level of TAZ were without significant variance.Abnormal mRNA expressions of Hippo pathway components in ADPKD patients were found (P ＜ 0.05).Down-regulation of LATS1 in WT9-12 cells could prohibit phosphorylation of YAP,and prompted proliferation and cell division.Knockdown YAP in WT9-12 cells could inhibited cell proliferation by arresting cell cycle in G0/G1 phase,but down-regulating TAZ showed no significant differences in proliferation and cell cycle.Conclusions Altered Hippo signaling exists in ADPKD,and YAP activation may be one leading cause of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease onset.In vitro,knockdown YAP in WT9-12 cells can inhibit cell proliferation by arresting cell cycle and depressing cell division,suggesting the expression level and activity of YAP are potential targets for ADPKD treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effects of Yiweikang(YWK)capsule on gastric mucosa of the model rats with gastritis and gastric ulcer.METHODS:The experimental rats were randomly divided into five groups:YWK high-dosage group,YWK moderate-dosage group,YWK low-dosage group,positive control group(treated with drenched cime?tidine capsule,0.1g/kg),and negative control group(provided with drenched isovolumic distilled water or sodium chloride)in order to observe the effects of YWK for excitable gastric ulcer in mice and gastric ulcer in rats induced by alcohol and pylorus-ligature.RESULTS:Compared with the negative controls,gastric acid,gastric juice and ulcer indices in YWK group declined,most significantly in high-dosage group.CONCLUSION:YWK in oral administration has preventive effects for excitable ulc_ er,alcohol induced ulcer and pylorus-ligature induced ulcer.It also can help the recovery of gastric mucosa of ulcer model rats.

Objective To know the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Yangpu District and provide evidence for specific strategies and measures of hand-foot-mouth disease activity prevention and control. Methods Descriptive analysis of the data from hand-foot-mouth disease epidemic situation in Yangpu District from 2005 to 2008 was made. Results 1 348 cases were reported in the whole Yangpu District from 2005 to 2008, and no severe cases, no death. The average morbidity in Yangpu District was 27.48/100 000. The male to female ratio was 1.46∶1. The infection occurred to infants aged from 1 year to 5 years (85.39%). The incidence of the native population children aged 2 to 3 exceeded 10/100 000. The season peak appeared from May to July (70.18%), and outbreaks used to occur at nurseries and kindergartens. The typical clinical presentations mainly included fever and rash. The rash mainly occurred to hands, feet, mouth, buttocks and so on. Conclusions Incidence varied significantly between different sexes, seasons and ages. It can cause large-scale epidemic in a short period of time, the epidemic was very difficult to control, but the leaders attach importance to take the early warning and monitoring, accuratey deal with emergencies, health education promotion and training of comprehensive measures, the epidemic can be effectively controlled.

Objective To investigate the effect of rosiglitazone on p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) pathway in polycystic kidney cyst-lining epithelial cells. Methods The cyst-lining epithelial cells (PKD cells) from human polycystic kidney were treated with rosiglitazone (10 μmol/L), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) inhibitor GW9662 (10 μmol/L), rosiglitazone (10 μmol/L) +GW9662 (10 μmol/L), p38MAPK specific inhibitor SB203580 (10 μmol/L), SB203580 (10 μmol/L)+ rosiglitazone(10 μmol/L) for 2 hours followed by epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation. Protein expressions of p38, phuspho-p38 (p-p38) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected by Western blot. p38 mRNA was examined by RT-PCR. Expression of c-fos and c-jun was observed by immunocytochemistry. Results (1) EGF markedly up-regulated the expressions of p38, p-p38, PCNA, c-fos anti c-jun compared with control group (P<0.01). (2) Compared with EGF treated group, rosiglitazone significantly reduced p38 activation and mRNA expression (P<0.01, respectively). Rosiglitazone, rosiglitazone+SB203580 could significantly down-regulated p-p38, PCNA, c-fos and c-jun expression (P<0.01, respectively) with no significant difference between these two groups. (3) GW9662 partially reversed the reduction effect of rosiglitazone. Conclusions Rosiglitazone can inhibit proliferation of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease cyst-lining epithelial cells partially through down-regulating p38 activation and reducing c-fos, c-jun and PCNA expression. The above effect of rosiglitazone is in part PPARγ-independcnt.