Objective To study the changed status of mortality from urinary and male genital diseases in Shanghai Hongkou district in recent years. Methods Mortality from diseases in Shanghai Hongkou district population from 1991 to 1998 was studied and analyzed. Results There were 1130 persons died of urinary and male genital diseases,749 being male and 381 female.It accounted for 2.08% of the total death,being 2.58% in the male and 1.51% in the female.The 5 major urinary and male genital diseases were in turn nephritis and nephropathy,bladder cancer,benign prostatic diseases,prostate cancer and renal carcinoma.Mortality from bladder cancer,renal cancer,prostate cancer and other prostatic diseases has been rising as compared to those in the 80s especially protatic cancer and other prostatic diseases whereas mortality from nephritis and nephropathy,pyelonephritis and renal failure was decreasing. Conclusions Mortality from prostate cancer and other prostatic diseases in population is remarkably rising.Attention is called to the study,prophylaxis and treatment of prostatic diseases.

Objective To investigate the effect of strengthening self -management on the treatment compliance and outcome in hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis treated with entecavir.Methods A total of 120 hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis, who received antiviral therapy with entecavir in our hospital from January 2010 to January 2012,were randomly divided into control group (n=60)and intervention group (n =60).Both groups received routine nursing care;in addition,regular telephone follow -up was performed for the intervention group to provide guidance for the self -management during the comprehensive prevention and treatment of decompensated cirrhosis.The two groups were compared in terms of withdrawal rate,rehospitalization rate,hepatitis B virus (HBV)DNA negative conver-sion rate,incidence of primary liver cancer,and mortality one year later.Continuous data were analyzed by t test,and categorical data by chi -square test or Fisher′s exact test.Results The withdrawal rate and rehospitalization rate in the intervention group were 0 and 18.3%, respectively,versus 8.3% and 35% in the control group (P <0.05 for both).The HBV DNA negative conversion rate,incidence of prima-ry liver cancer,and mortality in the intervention group were 90%,3.3%,and 5.3%,versus 88.3%,5%,and 6.7% in the control group (P >0.05 for all).Conclusion Strengthening self -management,as well as regular health education,can improve treatment compliance and promote recovery in hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis treated with entecavir.

Objective To understand the cooperation experiences of doctors and nurses from the Infectious Department,that may be contributive to promote a harmonious relationship between doctors and nurses.Methods Sixteen nurses and nine doctors came from Infectious Department were interviewed.The data were collected through face-to-face in-depth semi-structured interviews.Thematic analysis based on Qualitative Research method,qualitative content analysis was used for data interpretation by analysis and management.Results Three themes were identified and described as the cooperation experiences between doctors and nurse,the cooperation troubles,suggestions about promoting a harmonious relationship between doctors and nurses.Conclusion Harmonious relationship is particularly important in the clinical work,but in fact,there are many factors affect the harmonious relationships,so it is recom-mended that hospital leaders should take measures to build a harmonious relationship between doctors and nurses.

Objective To investigate the effect of general nursing intervention on the mental state of the patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.Methods Forty-eight breast cancer patients undergoing postoperative chemotherapy received nursing general interventions including healthy education,psychological nursing care,pantosomatous,relaxation therapy and rehabilitative exercise. All patients were evaluated by self-rating depression scale (SDS) and depression status inventory (DSI) before and after the general intervention.Result The scores of SDS and DSI after intervention were significantly lower than those before intervention (bothP<0.05).Conclusion The general nursing intervention could significantly improve patients’ psychological state and life quality,promote rehabilitation and improve their quality of life.

Objective To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in the adult Chinese population.Methods Data of 21 108 adults was collected from a cross-sectional survey performed in 9 provinces of China (Jiangsu,Anhui,Gansu,Qinghai,Fujian,Beijing,Jilin,Jiangxi and Henan province).Rank sum test was used to compare HRQOL with different BMI category.Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the impact of different BMI category on HRQOL after adjusted for sex,age,marital,education,physical activity status,and tobacco and alcohol addiction.Results (1) For healthy subjects,the overweight BMI group had the highest HRQOL score in the physical component summary (PCS) (83.69±14.09) and mental component summary (MCS)(80.29± 15.41),while the underweight group had the worst HRQOL(81.20-± 14.05,74.82± 16.41).For subjects with chronic condition,overweight had the highest H RQOL score in the PCS(74.63± 18.51),and obese group had the best HRQOL in the MCS (76.75± 18.83).The variation among healthy and chronic disease subjects was much greater than the differences among BMI category groups.(2) Compared with normal weight,data on odds ratio(ORs) of impaired HRQOL in PCS(healthy subjects OR=1.23(1.10-1.35),chronic disease subjects OR=1.48(1.20-1.82)) MCS(healthy subjects OR=1.14(1.03-1.26),chronic disease subjects OR=1.37 (1.11-1.68)) and multiple dimensions increased among underweight.ORs of impaired HRQOL in PCS and general health dimension,MCS (healthy subjects OR =0.81 (0.72-0.91),chronic disease subjects OR=0.80(0.71-0.91)) and multiple dimensions decreased among overweight.ORs of impaired HRQOL in physical functioning dimension (healthy subjects OR=1.91 (1.25-2.92),chronic disease subjects OR=1.65(1.21-2.26)) while in MCS and role emotional and mental health dimension decreased among obese.Conclusion Whatever health or chronic disease,the influence of BMI on HRQOL is similar:the HRQOL score for the underweight group is significantly lower than that for other BMI groups in PCS and MCS.Overweight and the obese people has better HRQOL in MCS,and the obese people has poor physical function.The relation above between BMI and HRQOL is more obvious in people with chronic disease.

Objective To build hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocyte and screen active components from Shexiang Baoxin Pill ( SBP) absorbed in blood against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury .Methods Cardiomyocytes were isolated and purified from hearts of neonatal Sprague Dawley rats (1~3 days old) and were used to build hypoxia/reoxygenation injury model.The components of SBP absorbed in blood were screened by methyl thiazolil tetracolium (MTT) colorimetic method.Results SBP showed significant protective effect against cardiomyocytes hypoxia /reoxygenation injury atthe concentration of 50 μg/ml.Ginsen-oside Rb1, Rb2, bufalin and muscone of twenty components from SBP absorbed in blood also possessed significant protective effect a -gainst cardiomyocytes hypoxia/reoxygenation injury .Conclusion SBP have the protective activity against cardiomyocytes hypoxia /reoxygenation injury , and ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, bufalin, muscone are the main active components of SBP .This experiment offered basis for further pharmacodynamics and mechanism study of SBP .

Objective: To investigate the effect of self-etching adhesive with different unsealing time on the microleakage of the adhesive interface between tooth and resin. Methods: Unopened self-etching adhesives, Scotchbond Universal (S) and Xeno V+ (X) were respectively used to adhere Z350 resin for restoration of the prepared occlusal cavities sized 4 mm × 4 mm × 4 mm (n = 40) . The methylene blue staining method was used to observe the microleakage of the adhesive interface between the tooth and filling material at the instant moment, 1, 2 and 3 months after the self-etching adhesives was opened (n = 10) . Results: (1) Increase of microleakage in S group was found with the time span after unsealing, and there was a statistical difference between the instant moment and 3 months after unsealing (P＜0. 05) . (2) There was no significant difference at the 4 test time points in X group (P＞0. 05), although the microleakage value of the samples were increased with the increase of the time after unsealing. (3) The microleakage of X group was greater than that of S group at the instant moment and 1 month after unsealing (P＜0. 05) . Conclusion: Unsealing time may increase the microleakage of the adhesive interface between the tooth and the filling material, the effect varies with the types of the adhesives.

Objective:To establish a set of scientific and reasonable indicator system of common prosperity in the field of health, so as to promote the construction and evaluation of the demonstration area of common prosperity with high quality of health.Methods:According to the requirements of promoting common prosperity demonstration area with high quality of health in Zhejiang province, the initial indicator pool was established through literature research and theoretical analysis in July 2021, and experts were convened to carry out expert brainstorming to determine indicator system in the form of meetings. Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of expert consultation on the indicator system.Finally, the analytic hierarchy process and percentage weight method were used to calculate the indicator weight value.Results:The final indicator system included 4 first-level indicators and 30 second-level indicators. Among the first-level indicators, the weight values of the development, equilibrium, inclusiveness, and sustainability were 0.326 4, 0.242 8, 0.245 8, and 0.185 0. There were 8 second-level indicators in developmental indicator dimension, of which the indicator with the highest weight was the per capita health expectancy. The balance indicator dimension included 6 second-level indicators, of which the indicator with the highest weight was the per capita financing difference of basic medical insurance between the urban workers with the urban-rural residents. The inclusive indicator dimension included 6 second-level indicators, and the proportion of personal health expenditure to total health expenditure had the highest weight. The sustainability indicator dimension included 10 second-level indicators, and the proportion of government health expenditure in fiscal expenditure had the highest weight.Conclusions:The indicator system constructed in this research could provide certain guidance and reference for promoting the construction of common prosperity in health, and provide some reference for follow-up research in this field.

Anti neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a systemic disease characterized by small vessel wall inflammation and cellulose necrosis mediated by ANCA. Renal injury caused by AAV is called ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis (AAGN). The paper reported a case of AAV with renal damage combined with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The patient was an elderly male with clinical manifestations of hematuria and uremia. Renal pathological examination showed AAV and renal injury. This case is the first report in China while reviewing the relevant literature, and it is still inconclusive whether this is an overlap of the two diseases or a specific pathological type of HIV-associated nephritis. We believe that AAV has the potential to occur in HIV-infected patients, so clinicians should not ignore the phenomenon of ANCA positivity in HIV-infected patients, and the follow-up of such patients needs to be enhanced. Clinical and renal pathological examinations are the main methods to diagnose HIV infection with AAV. At the same time, there are no clear guideline guidelines on how to administer immunosuppressive therapy for such patients who have immunodeficiency and are at higher risk of opportunistic infections, and in whom to make the best possible outcomes.

Objectives:To identify the two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI)-derived longitudinal strain indices that reflect the myocardial functional characteristics of patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHCM). Methods:This retrospective study included 30 patients with typical AHCM diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from January 2015 to May 2019 (AHCM group),35 patients with essential hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (HTLVH group),and 45 healthy volunteers (normal control group) were also included.Two-dimensional echocardiography was used to measure the cardiac chamber size and wall thickness,and 2D-STI was used to analyze the longitudinal strain during the left ventricular systolic phase,the global longitudinal strain (GLS) and the longitudinal strain of the apical,mid,and basal segments (LSA,LSM,LSB) were assessed.The ratios of the apical to the overall and other segmental longitudinal strains were used as the apical relative longitudinal strain indices,including the apical to basal longitudinal strain ratio (ABLR,LSA/LSB),the apical to global longitudinal strain ratio (AGLR,LSA/GLS),and the apical to basal-mid segment longitudinal strain ratio (ABMLR,LSA/[LSB+LSM]). Results:GLS was significantly lower in the AHCM group and HTLVH group than in the normal control group (both P<0.05),and was similar between the AHCM group and HTLVH group (P>0.05).The LSA,LSM,and LSB were also significantly lower in the AHCM group and HTLVH group than in the normal control group,LSA decrease was more significant in the AHCM group as compared to the HTLVH group,while the HTLVH group was mainly characterized by a decrease in LSB,which was significantly lower as compared to the AHCM group (all P<0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the ABLR,AGLR,and ABMLR were significantly reduced in the AHCM group,while significantly increased in the HTLVH group (all P<0.05).The ROC curve showed that the AUC of ABLR,AGLR,ABMLR,and LSA was 0.873 to 0.916,using<1.28 as the cutoff value of ABLR,the sensitivity was 90.0％ and specificity was 88.7％ for diagnosing AHCM. Conclusions:The apical relative longitudinal strain indices can reflect the myocardial functional characteristics of AHCM patients,which are better than single apical longitudinal strain value.As the most representative indice,ABLR may be useful in distinguishing AHCM from left ventricular hypertrophy caused by other diseases,and can be used as a parameter for the evaluation of myocardial function damage in AHCM.