The common rheumatic diseases in children including rheumatic fever,juvenile idiopathic arthritis,systemic lupus erythematosus (including neonatal lupus),juvenile dermatomyositis,Kawasaki disease,anaphylactoid purpura.Rheumatic diseases as a group of unknown etiology autoimmune diseases,connective tissue and collagen fibers of different organs can be affected.Systemic inflammatory is the common prominent characteristics of this kind of disease,often resulting in multiple organ damage.Over recent decades,there has been considerable interest in the long-term outcomes of individuals with chronical inflammatory disease and an area of particular concern has been the increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease.Since sustained systemic inflammation is known to accelerate atherosclerosis,doctor should pay attention to rheumatic diseases associated cardiovascular involvements during daily clinical work.The cardiovascular involvement of common rheumatic diseases in children is summarized in this paper.

Eighty percent of unexplained syncope in children is neurally mediated syncope (NMS).The cur-rent clinical diagnosis of children NMS mainly depends on the head -up tilt test(HUTT),which has a certain risk, therefore searching for a safe noninvasive NMS diagnosis method is of great significance.Twenty -four -hour ambulato-ry blood pressure monitoring (ABPM)is widely used in clinic recently.It was reported that there was autonomic nerve adjustment imbalance in children with NMS.And the diagnostic value of ambulatory blood pressure pattern to NMS chil-dren was high.Non -spoontype blood pressure variation pattern of NMS could aid to diagnose children NMS.Fur-therly study of 24 h ABPMof NMS children has great significance to explore the pathogenesis of the NMS,to be benefi-cial to explain the regulating mechanism of the vessels,and go a step further to guide the treatment.

Objective To set up a stable method to induce SW872 adipocyte to differentiation.Methods THE animals were randomly divided in to five groups according to different inducing agents and a control groups.The changes of the cells were observed by microscopy and Oil-Red O staining.TG mass of these cells were assayed by chemical colorimetry methods.Results The oleic acid is the strongest factor to induce SW872 cell to differentiate,IBMX+DEX+Insulin is also strong factor,but it took a longer time to act.The effect of IBMX is stronger than insulin and ASP,but less than Oleic acid and IBMX+DEX+Insulin.Oleic acid significantly increased triglyceride mass of SW872 cell on the 1~(th) day of differentiation,The TG mass in the oleic acid group increased on the 2~(th) and4~(th)day of differentiation. Conclusion Oleic acid is the best Inducer to stimulate SW872 cell to differentiate,it can induce SW872 preadipocytes to differentiate to adipicytes in a short term.

Objective To study the genetic polymorphisms of STR locus D20S85 and to obtain the genetic data of Guangdong Han, Guangxi Zhuang, Huadong Han,Neimenggu Han and Meng populations. Method Using PCR and silver - staining methods, the alleles of D20S85 locus were detected and analysed. Results 9 alleles and 35 genotypes were found in those populations. The highest allele frequency was D20S85* 6. The results of Hardy - Wein-berg equilibrium test showed that the genotype distributions observed in five populations were correspondent with the expected. The expected heterozygosity was 0.7720 - 0.7912; the exclusion probability of paternity was 0.7538-0.7594(triplet) and 0.3988 -0.4297 (biplet) ; the discrimination power 0.9175 -0.9272 and the polymorphism information content 0.7442 - 0.7656. Conclusion STR D20S85 locus is a useful genetic marker for forensic application .

Objective To investigate the STR typing discordance between different typing methods.Methods Genotypes of 13 routine forensic STR loci in DNA samples from 100 individuals were typed by using singleplex polyacrylimide gel electrophoresis silver stain system and Power Plex16 System,respectively.The typing results between these two systems were compared.Results One genotype discordance was observed at D8S1179 locus in a DNA sample.The genotypes was 12/14 in snigleplex system and 12/15 in Power Plex16 System.Conclusion Different STR typing systems may result in different genotyps from the same DNA sample.

Objective To investigate the polymorphism of DXS6854 locus in Guangdong Han population. Methods The DXS6854 locus was analyzed by PCR following polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining. Results Among 189 females and 230 males from Guangdong Han population, 8 alleles were observed with frequencies ranging from 0.0026 to 0.4522. Exact tests demonstrated genotype frequencies in females had no departure from Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium. The discrimination powers for female and male original samples were 0.8633 and 0.7012, respectively. When both mother and her daughter were tested, the probability of excluding a random man as a father was 0.6712. Conclusion The DXS6854 locus is appropriate for individual identification and paternity testing involving a female child.

Objective To study the primer design for Penta D and Penta E genotyping and investigate the genetic polymorphisms of these two loci in Chinese Han population in Wuhan.Methods 281 unrelated Chinese individuals living in Wuhan were typed by hot-start PCR with re-designed Penta D and Penta E genotyping primers and PAGE technique,and the results were compared with those by the PowerPlex TM 16 system of Promega.Results The amplified fragment size of Penta D and Penta E loci with re-designed primers ranged between 153～198bp and 107～212bp respectively,which were consistent with the results obtained by the re-designed primers and PowerPlex TM 16 system,and the re-designed primers had a higher sensitivity than PowerPlex TM 16 system (0.2ng vs 0.5ng) by silver staining.10 and 21 alleles were observed for Penta D and Penta E in Chinese Han population in Wuhan,and the genotype distributions of the two loci were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.Family studies confirmed Mendelian inheritance of alleles.The power of discrimination (DP) for Penta D and Penta E were 0.926 2 and 0.986 0,and the power of exclusion (PE) were 0.665 1 and 0.832 5 respectively.Conclusion The re-designed primers for Penta D and Penta E genotyping are reliable.These two loci are highly polymorphic in Chinese Han population and can be used in forensic identification and paternity test.

Objective To explore the applicability of the histological features of plexiform bone and osteon banding to species identification. Methods 35 ground cross sections of the tibial midshaft collected from 10 human cadavers, 10 pigs, 5 cattle, 5 dogs, and 5 sheep, were observed under light microscope at 100-fold magnification. Results Plexiform bone and osteon banding were mostly observed in nonhuman bones, whereas rarely in human bones. Additionally, histological structures also varied with different individuals within a species. Conclusion The plexiform bone and osteon banding are the two important characteristics for certifying nonhuman bone in species identification.

Objective To study the genetic polymorphism and frequencies of 15 STR loci in 10071 unrelated individuals of Han nationality, which are compared with the data reported previously. Methods 15 STR loci were amplified in DNA samples from 10071 unrelated individuals in Guangdong Han population using PowerPlex~(TM) 16 system, which were genotyped with ABI 377 or 3100 Genetic Analyzer. Frequencies for 15 STR loci were obtained. Results Except D8S1179 locus, rare alleles were found in the other 14 STR loci. The number of rare alleles ranged froml to 7 in the 14 STR loci ,which increased up to 34 rare alleles, including D21 S11 (32.1 and 36.2), D18S51 (15.2 and 17.2), Penta E (15.2, 17.4, 18.4, 19.4, 26 and 27), D7S820 (9.2, 10.1, 11.1 and 15), Penta D (18, 19 and 20), TPOX (14) and FGA (13) which were detected the first time and D21S11 (30.3), D7S820(9.1 and 9.2) which were frequently seen in the population although infrequent in European population. Conclusion More rare alleles can be detected with genetic polymorphism data from a lager number of individuals and more credible frequencies of alleles be obtained.

AIM: To study the role of acylation stimula ting protein (ASP) in the differentiation of 3T3-F442A preadipocytes. METHODS: Differentiation of 3T3-F442A preadipocytes was induced by ASP. The morphological changes were observed by Oil-Red O staining and the di fferentiation rate was compared. TG synthesis and TG mass in these cells were al so assayed. DNA synthesis was measured by -TdR incorporation. A typical differentiation inducer, insulin, was used as a positive control to compare thes e results. RESULTS: (1) 3T3-F442A preadipocytes were induced to differentia te by ASP alone. Fat droplets were clearly visible in the cytoplasm of 3T3-F442A cells. The differentiation rate was high (90%), but no significant difference w as observed, compared with that in insulin group (95%). (2) In ASP group, TG syn thesis and TG mass were significantly increased, both of them were higher than t hat in control group (P0.05). CONCLUSION: As a new adipocytes hormone, ASP plays an important biological role in the differentiation of preadipocytes.