Objective To evaluate the effect of early clinical interference strategies on preventing the conversion of acute pancreatitis to the severe form and aggravation of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods The patients with acute pancreatitis admitted to this hospital were divided into two therapeutic phases by different therapeutic methods from January 2001 to December 2008.Patients in the first phase(from January 2001 to December 2004) were treated by the routine management,and the second phase(from January 2005 to December 2008) by the routine management combined with early clinical interference strategies.Then,the ratio of conversion from acute pancreatitis to SAP and prognosis of SAP between two phases were compared.Results Compared with the first phase,the rate of aggravation of acute pancreatitis was significantly decreased in the second phase(4.48% vs.21.18%),the average healing time of SAP,the incidences of systemic and local complications and the mortality of pancreatitis were reduced(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the histological features, clinical presentation, treatment and prognosis of small cell carcinoma of the prostate.MethodsThe clinical, pathological and follow-up data of two cases of small cell carcinoma of the prostate were respectively analyzed, and the related literature was reviewed.ResultsTwo cases of small cell carcinoma were diagnosed by transtectal prostate biopsy. Microscopically, the tumor arranged in nest structures and exhibited small round cells with the nuclei extremely hyperchromatic and scanty. Coagulated necrosis was easily observed. The immunohistochemical testing was positive for NSE and negative for PSA 、PAP. Case 1 received palliative surgery and postoperative chemotherapy of EP (VP-16, Cisplatin), and died of recurrence and distant metastasis after six months. Case 2 received palliative surgery and oral bicalutamide treatment, and died of recurrence and liver metastasis after three months.ConclusionsSmall cell carcinoma of the prostate has the biological behavior of invasive growth with an unfavorable prognosis, which is often in an advanced stage at first diagnosis. The ultimate diagnosis depends on histopathology and surgery combined with systemic chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the most effective treatment.

BACKGROUND:J2 takes functional domain (MHC CD4-D1/) of complex conjugate of CD4 molecule and MHC class II molecule as a target, and is a smal molecule compound obtained by computer screening from a chemical data containing hundreds of thousands of organic compounds. In the previous study, J2 was used in mouse models of skin transplantation and keratoplasty by oral and intraperitoneal injection. Results verified that J2 could prolong the survival time of grafts, and suppress occurrence of rejection. To better play the role of a drug targeting and to reduce systemic toxicity, J2 wil be further utilized in local treatment of keratoplasty rejection. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the inhibitory effect of new immunosuppressive agent J2 on CD4+ and CD8+T cel immune functions in rat models receiving alogenic penetrating keratoplasty. METHODS:Alogeneic penetrating keratoplasty model was established using the adult female Wistar rats as donors and Sprague-Dawley rats as recipients. Group A: normal Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with 0.05 mL placebo subconjunctivaly. Surgery rats were randomly divided into three groups. Group B: alograft rats were injected with 0.05 mL placebo subconjunctivaly after autologous keratoplasty. Group C: alograft rats were injected with 0.05 mL placebo subconjunctivaly. Group D: alograft rats were injected with 1% J2-nanosuspension 0.05 mL subconjunctivaly. The distribution of T cel subsets in peripheral blood was detected using flow cytometry at 3 days, 1, 2 and 3 weeks after transplantation and compared among groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in total CD3+ T cels, CD4+ T cels, CD8+ T cels and CD4+/CD8+ in peripheral blood lymphocytes in group B at various time points. At 3 days and 1 week after surgery in group C, no significant difference in total CD3+ T cels, CD4+ T cels and CD8+ T cels was detected. At 1 and 2 weeks, the number of total CD3+ T cels, CD4+ T cels and CD8+ T cels increased, showing significant differences (P < 0.05). In group D, no significant hyperplasy was found in CD4+ T cels and CD8+ T cels at 1 and 2 weeks. The horizontal comparison of the same time point: the total CD3+ T lymphocytes of group D was significantly less than group C at 3 days, 1 and 2 weeks after operation (P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference at 3 weeks between the group D and group C. The number of CD4+ T lymphocytes in group D was less than in group C at 3 days and 1 week, but with no significant difference. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ had no significant difference in group D compared with group C at 3 days, 1 and 3 weeks. J2 inhibits T lymphocyte proliferation and then inhibits T cel-mediated corneal alograft rejection.

Objective To investigate the distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in male patients with anogenital warts in Lishui area,Zhejiang province.Methods Tissue specimens were obtained from the lesions of 150 male patients with anogenital warts.PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization was performed to detect the presence of 3 low-risk HPV types (HPV 6,11,and 43) and 16 moderate-or high-risk HPV types (HPV 16,18,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,53,56,58,59,66,68 and CP8304) in these specimens.Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.Results HPV was detected in 91 (60.67％) of the 150 male patients.Of the 91 positive patients,74 (81.32％) were infected by single or multiple low-risk HPV types,whereas 17 (18.68％) by single or multiple high-risk HPV types.Thirty-one (34.07％) patients harbored 2-5 HPV genotypes,including 20 (64.52％)patients infected with both low-risk and high-risk HPV types,and 6 (19.35％) patients infected with two low-risk HPV types.The coexistence of moderate-or high-risk HPV types with HPV 6 was observed in 13 (41.94％)patients,and that with HPV 11 in 6 (19.35％) patients.The most prevalent genotype was HPV 6 (28.68％,39/136),followed by HPV 11 (26.47％,36/136),16 (8.09％,11/136),52 (5.15％,7/136),53 (5.15％,7/136),51 (4.41％,6/136),58 (4.41％,6/136) and 43 (4.41％,6/136).Conclusions Low-risk HPV genotypes predominate in male patients with anogenital warts,and there are large differences in the distribution of multiple infections and HPV genotypes.

According to the advantages and disadvantages of the clinical medical educa-tion of the ordinary specialized subject-to-undergraduate,the traditional teaching method has been improved in two aspects:choosing case and teaching process.It can be conformed that teaching method of case-based learning is very suitable for physiological teaching.It can improve the effective interaction of teachers and students,and enchance the students' abilities of self-study and theory with practice.

Aim To observe the neurological protective effects of astragalosides(AST) on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) injury in rats and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods Male SD rats received right middle cerebral artery occlusion for 120 min,and were decapitated 1,3,7,and 14 days after reperfusion.AST(40 mg?kg-1) was orally administered after I/R.Neurological deficit score was daily determined,the expressions of BDNF and p75NTR mRNA were detected by RT-PCR,and the expression of TrkB mRNA was detected by real-time PCR.Results AST reduced the neurological deficit score on days 3,increased the expression of BDNF mRNA on days 3,7 and 14,decreased p75NTR mRNA and increased TrkB mRNA on days 3 and 7.Conclusions AST improves the neurological deficits after I/R in rats.The mechanism may be related with increasing BDNF,and TrkB mRNA,and decreasing p75NTR mRNA.

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of Polygona-polysaccharose (PSP) on blood glucose level and the mechanism of protection on diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ).

METHODThe animal model of diabetes was established by injecting STZ (60 mg x kg(-1)) into its abdominal cavity. The amount of water drinking, food intake, urinary volume and body weight were measured at the fourth week of the treatment. The blood samples were drawn to determine the indexes of blood glucose (FBG) and Glycosylated serum protein (GSP) and blood serum insulin (INS). Pancreatic pathology was studied with morphological method and immunohistochemical method. The distribution of apoptotic cells and the expression of Caspase-3 were observed by TUNEL and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTThe levels of FBG, GSP and the amount of water drinking, food intake, urinary volume in the PSP treated groups were obviously lower than those in the model group while INS increased. PSP decreased the rate of apoptotic cells and the level of Caspase-3.

CONCLUSIONPSP can effectivly decrease blood glucose and increase INS. The mechanism may be related with inhibiting islet cell apoptosis and lowering Caspase-3.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Blood Proteins ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; blood ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; drug effects ; Glycoproteins ; blood ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Insulin ; blood ; Male ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effects and mechanisms of astragaloside (AST) and astragalus saponin I (ASI) on the memory impairment in senescent rats treated by glucocorticoid (GC).

METHODY maze test was performed to determine the effects of AST and ASI on memory impairment of hydrocortisone(HC)-induced senescent rats. Using Ca2+ sensitive fluorescent indicator (Furo-2), free intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured by double wavelength fluorescence sepectrophotometer in thymocytes and hippocampal neurons induced dexamethasone (DEX). And apoptosis was detected by DNA gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry.

RESULTCompared with HC control, AST and ASI can improve the memory of the senescent rats treated by HC, lower [Ca2+]i and suppress apoptosis of thymocytes and hippocampal neurons induced by DEX.

CONCLUSIONAST and ASI can delay the aging in rats treated by HC, and its mechanism may includ lowering[Ca2+]i and suppressing the apoptosis of thymocytes and hippocampal neurons.

Aging ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Dexamethasone ; adverse effects ; Female ; Glucocorticoids ; adverse effects ; Hippocampus ; pathology ; Intracellular Space ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Memory Disorders ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Neurons ; drug effects ; pathology ; Rats ; Saponins ; pharmacology