C. Conclusion The optimal SINI TANG composition comprises three active components combined at clinical maximal dosage showed the best therapeutic efficacy, of which A is a key factor and B, C are necessary factors for the composition in SINI TANG.

Objective To study the operating approaches of laparoscopic resection of ovarian benign cystic teratomas. Methods 67 patients underwent operative laparoscopy for ovarian cystic teratomas(23 ovarian cystectomies,44 oophorectomies or adnexectomies),including 27 patients who had cysts more than 8cm in diameter.In operation, a plastic bag was used and the abdominal cavity was abundantly flushed with warm physiologic saline.The larger cysts were aspirated to reduce the cysts and extracted through abdominal wall incision. Results Cyst rupture occurred in 17 cases (17/44) when cystectomy was performed. No cyst spillage occurred in all the oophorectomies and adexectomies.The mean operating time was (34?19)min.Blood loss was 3ml～7ml.No complications occurred and none of the patients needed conversion from laparoscopy to laparotomy.chemical peritonitis wes not seen in any of the patiants. Conclusions Laparoscopic surgery is safe and feasible for ovarian benign cystic teratomas and allows the removal of larger ovarian cysts.

AIM: To study the change of myocardial ceramide during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion and the relationship between ceramide and apoptosis and oxidative stress. METHODS: After inducing myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice with pituitrin (Pit), myocardial SOD activity and MDA content were measured. DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and fluorescent staining of DAPI were done to check up apoptosis. The content of myocardial ceramide (?g/kg) was measured through HPTLC and scan of thin plate. RESULTS: The myocardium of I/R model group had the phenomenon of DNA ladder. Apoptosis index and ceramide content in I/R model group were higher than those in normal control group (P

Objective:To explore the incidence,mortality,trends and time distribution of food poisoning in Hunan Province.Methods:The data on food poisoning was derived from the Information Office of Hunan Provincial Health Department.Using the trend-test and circular distribution methods,we have described the current situation of food poisoning and tested the central tendency of the peak time points and the peak time zone of food poisoning in Hunan from 2000 to 2009.Results:On average,the incidence of food poisoning in Hunan from 2000 to 2009 was 0.072 per 100000 population.And the average number of people affected in these incidents was 1.937 per 100000 population.There were no apparent trends in either the number of incidents or people affected between 2000 and 2009 (u=-0.98,P＞0.05; u=-1.34,P＞0.05,respectively).The average mortality was 0.015 per 100000 population.The trend-test indicated that the average annual mortality decreased significantly from 2000 to 2009 (u=-1.72,P＜0.05).Meanwhile the average annual fatality rate was 0.77％.The trend-test revealed statistically significant differences for the average annual fatality rate (u=-1.88,P＜0.05).The circular distribution analysis showed that there was a central tendency of the distribution of food poisoning cases,with the average peak time atAugust 28th and the average peak time zone from June 7th to November 18th for food poisoning from 2000 to 2008.Conclusion:From 2000 to 2009,there is a significant tendency in the average annual mortality and fatality rate of food poisoning in Hunan.Summer and fall are the high seasons for food poisoning.We should pay attention to the peak time zone,especially the peak time point of food poisoning for food safety monitoring,and strengthen the prevention and control on food poisoning.

AIM: To study the effects of Sini Decoction's effective component(SNDE) on myocardial apoptosis and ceramide content during myocardial ischemla/reperfusion. METHODS: The mice of Kunming species were randomly divided into 3 groups: control,myocardial ischemia/reperfusion and SNDE.After inducing myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury of mice in vivo with pituitrin(Pit),myocardial SOD activity and MDA content were measured.DNA agarose gel electrophoresis and fluorescent stain of DAPI were done to check up apoptosis.The content of myocardial ceramide(?g/kg) was measured through HPTLC and scan of thin plate. RESULTS: The myocardium of model group has the phenomenon of DNA ladder.The apoptosis index and the ceramide content in model group were higher than those of control group(P

Objective To study the anti-myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury effect of Sini Decoction's active fraction(SNDAF).Methods Experimental animals were randomly individed into normal,model,Sini Decoction(SND),and SNDAF groups.Rat hearts were perfused by the Langendorff method.The model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury was reproduced by adjusting the flow of perfused liquid.The perfused liquid of normal and model groups was KH buffer saturated by oxygen.The perfused liquid with SND or SNDAF was mixed with KH buffer.The coronary flow and contract power of myocardium at 0 min of ischemia and 1,5,10,20,30,40,and 50 min of reperfusion were tested,respectively.The incidence of reperfusion arrhythmias(IRA) in the first 1 minute of reperfusion was calculated.Mice were given drugs by ig for 3 d and then myocardial ischemia-reperfusion models were established by ip pituitrin(20 U/kg).ECG of mice was recorded at 0—80 min after ip administration. SOD activity,and the contents of MDA and LA in myocardium of mice were measured.Results Both SND and SNDAF could reinforce myocardial contract and reduce the IRA in the first minute of reperfusion.SND had better effect on IRA than that of SNDAF.SNDAF had better effect on myocardial contract than that of SND.SND and SNDAF could significantly drop ECG J point raise induced by ischemia,and increase SOD activity,and decrease contents of MDA and LA significantly in ischemia myocardium.There were no significant difference between SND and SNDAF.Conclusion SNDAF could improve oxidative injury and suppress(ischemia) of myocardium,reinforce myocardial contract,and reduce the incidence of arrhythmias during(myocardia) ischemia-reperfusion.

Objective:To study the preventive effect of Sanguisorba officinalis on renal fibrosis by observing the influence of San-guisorba officinalis tannins extract (STE) on the proliferation of human renal epithelia (HK-2) induced by transforming growth factor-β1 ( TGF-β1 ) . Methods:HK-2 cells were cultured in DMEM medium with high glucose containing 10% fetal bovine serum. The cul-tured cells were divided into 5 groups, including the blank control group, TGF-β1 group (5 ng· ml-1 TGF-β1), intervention group 1 (5 ng·ml-1 TGF-β1 +12. 5μg·ml-1 STE), intervention group 2 (5 ng·ml-1 TGF-β1 +25μg·ml-1 STE) and intervention group 3(5 ng·ml-1 TGF-β1 +50 μg·ml-1 STE). The changes of cell morphology were observed under an inverted microscope and the in-fluence of SET on the cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 assay. Results: TGF-β1 could significantly induce the proliferation of HK-2 and promote the cell fibrosis with significant difference when compared with the control group (P<0. 05). However, after trea-ted with STE, the cell proliferation was inhibited obviously (P<0. 05) and the cells morphology tended to be normal in a dose-depend-ent manner. Conclusion:STE can inhibit the proliferation of HK-2 and prevent renal fibrosis to some extent.

AIM:To establish a microthrombus model by carrageenan (Ca)/ lipopolysaccharides (LPS) intraperitoneal injection in rats with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and endothelial dysfunction induced by L-methionine intake. METHODS: ① Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: control and endothelial dysfunction (HHcy) groups. L-methionine was administered by gavage in HHcy group for total 4 weeks. Purified water was administered by gavage in control rats. Plasma Hcy, NO and vWF were examined and the thoracic aorta were excised after 4 weeks of L-methionine treatment to evaluate endothelial function. ② Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups to establish a microthrombus formation model with Ca/ LPS: control, microthrombus formation (Ca/LPS) and endothelial dysfunction plus mitoarothrombus formation (HHcy+Ca/LPS) groups. Control rats were injected with normal saline (NS). Ca/LPS rats were intraperitoneally injected with carrageenan (Ca) and followed by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) 16 h later. HHcy+Ca/LPS rats were intragastric gavaged by L-methionine for total 4 weeks, and then were injected with Ca/LPS in the same way as Ca/LPS group. Cruor parameters and platelet count were detected at 20 h after LPS or NS injection and the mesentery microcirculation was monitored. Plasma NO and vWF were also detected at 24 h after LPS or NS injection. RESULTS: ① Plasma Hcy concentrations and vWF level were significantly increased in HHcy group, while plasma NO content was significantly decreased compared with that in control group. Endothelial dependent relaxation (EDR) of aortic rings was significantly decreased in HHcy group, suggesting endothelial damage/dysfunction was induced by HHcy. ② Mesentery capillary was obviously blocked by microthrombus in Ca/LPS rats and was blocked more seriously in HHcy+Ca/LPS rats. Cruor parameter results suggested that Ca/LPS rats were in hypercoagulable phase and HHcy+Ca/LPS rats were in hypocoagulable phase at 20 h after LPS injection. Platelet count and plasma NO content in HHcy+Ca/LPS group were significantly decreased, while plasma vWF level was significantly increased compared with Ca/LPS group. CONCLUSION: L-methionine intake induces severe HHcy and causes endothelial dysfunction in rats. Microcirculation dysfunction and microthrombosis can be caused by Ca/LPS intraperitoneal injection and may be aggravated by endothelial dysfunction.

Objective To investigate the protective effects on the renal allografts from brain dead (BD) donor rats pretreated with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).Method Three groups [normal transplant group (G1).BD transplant group (G2),and MSCs pretreated + BD transplant group (G3)] were set up.Male F344 rats served as donors and male Lewis rats as recipients.In G1,kidneys from F344 donor rats were implanted into Lewis recipients.In G2,kidneys from F344 BD donor rats were engrafted into Lewis recipients.In G3,after BD was established in F344 rats,MSCs were given intravenously to the rats.The kidneys harvested 6 h later were transplanted to Lewis recipients.Cyclosporine was intromuscularly given daily to the recipient rats for 10 days.Right kidneys were resected from recipients on day 10.Creatinine level was examined on day 14,21,28,and 35.Renal allografts harvested on day 35 were pathologically detected.The irnmunochemistry expression of interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrotic factor (TNF)-α in renal allograft tissue was tested.Result Serum creatinine levels in G2 were remarkably higher than those in G1 and G3 (P＜0.01) on day 14,21,28,and 35 postoperatively.The creatinine levels on the above mentioned time points had no statistically significant difference between G3 and G1 except on day 21.Postoperative pathological changes in G2 of both pronounced infiltration of mononuclear cells and tubular epithelia[inflammation were notably increased in renal allografts as compared with those in G1 and G3.There was no obvious difference between G1 and G3 in infiltrated mononuclear cells and tubular epithelial inflammation.Positive expression levels of both IL-1β and TNF-α in glomerular,tubular and interstitial epithelial cells were statistically enhanced in G2 as compared with those in G1 and G3 (H =7.210,P =0.027),while there was no statistically significant difference in the expression of both IL-1[β and TNF-α between G1 and G3.Conclusion Brain dead donor rats pretreated with bone marrow MSCs might reduce renal allograft injury via decreasing both inflammatory cell infiltration and IL-1β and TNF-α expression.

AIM: To design,prepare and screen out functional small interfering RNA(siRNA) for specifically silencing proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) gene expression and effectively inhibiting cell proliferation on human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721,human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901 and human colorectal carcinoma cell line Caco2.METHODS: PCNA siRNA was designed based on previous studies about design guidelines and synthesized in vitro by T7 Mega short script reaction kit according to the manufacturer's instructions.After purification,the integrities of siRNA were identified through 19% denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis,and the concentrations of the generated siRNA were measured by testing the absorbance at 260 nm using a spectrophotometer.Four synthesized double-strand siRNA were transfected into three types of carcinoma cell lines by LipofectamineTM2000 reagent,respectively.WST-8 assay was employed to examine the proliferative inhibitions of these three cell lines.The subsequent alterations on PCNA mRNA and protein levels were determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry,respectively.RESULTS: 3 sequences,No.2,No.3 and No.4 PCNA siRNA showed effective inhibitions on tumor cells among the 4 candidate siRNA,and a single dose of 50 nmol/L of No.2,No.4 PCNA siRNA showed the most effective inhibitory rates as more than 62% at 48 h after transfection.50 nmol/L of No.2 and No.4 PCNA siRNA transfection caused 72% decrease of PCNA mRNA level and almost completely loss of the protein in human Caco2 cells.CONCLUSION: No.2 and No.4 PCNA siRNA have been screened out in this study,which show the capability to effectively down-regulated PCNA expression and significantly inhibit the proliferation of carcinoma cells.The optimal concentration is 50 nmol/L and satisfactory effects are achieved 48 h after transfection in vitro.