Purpose:To study the clinical features of meningeal metastasis (MM) and investigate its diagnosis and treatments and prognosis. Methods:The clinical materials of 22 patients with MM were retrospectively analyzed. Results:Of all the 22 patients,MM was diagnosed by CT/MRI scan in 20 patients and by cytological analysis of CSF in 6 patients,the patients received therapies including systemic chemotherapy,intrathecal chemotherapy and radiotherapy,and also 1 patient without therapy.Median survival was 3 months (range 1 week-15 months). Conclusions:MM,with a poor prognosis,is one of the most serious complication of cancer. At present,all the therapies are palliative.

Malignant tumor is a serious threat to human health and its pathogenesis is complex , which caused by interaction of a variety of carcinogenic factors in the human body .SALL4 gene is a kind of newly dis-covered gene and it plays an important role in function of embryonic stem cell due to its protein transcription fac -tor with C2H2 zinc finger domain.Studies found that this gene mutation often results in occurrence of malignant tumor.This paper will summarize the molecular mechanism of SALL 4 in the occurrence and development of malig-nant tumor and its diagnosis and treatment on malignant tumor .

Objective To investigate the clinical effect and changes in cellular immune of children with Tourette 's syndrome in treatment with Ningdong granule and haloperidol.Methods 48 cases of children with Tourette's syndrome from February 2015 to February 2016 in hospital were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and control group with 24 cases in each group.The patients of two groups were all treated with conventional treatment, including mental relaxation, reverse muscle relaxation therapy and self-training.The patients of control group were treated with haloperidol, and on the basis of the control group, the patients of observation group were treated with Ningdong granule.The clinical effect, the levels of TNF-ɑ, IL-12, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 were compared before and after treatment between two groups, and recorded the incidence of adverse reactions in two groups of children.Results After the treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was 91.6%, which was significantly better than the control group 66.6%, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The levels of TNF-ɑ, IL-12, CD8 of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05), the levels of CD3, CD4, CD4/CD8 of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).There were constipation, dizziness, drowsiness, fatigue, poor appetite, tachycardia and other adverse reactions occurred in both two groups, and the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of Ningdong granule and haloperidol in the treatment of children with Tourette 's syndrome is effective and can improve the cellular immune function .

Objective:To investigate the patterns of microbial infection on the apical external root surfaces of treated and untreated teeth associated with chronic apical periodontitis and to study bacteria in the biofilm in order to find out the species,constitution and origination of bacteria in periapical biofilm.Methods: Ten teeth with chronic apical periodontitis from patients of the Department of Stomatology of People's Hospital,Peking University: 5 untreated teeth with a radiographically visible chronic periradi-cular lesions and 5 teeth with extensive carious lesions,radiolucent lesions of varying sizes and attached periradicular tissues were selected for study.Using aseptic techniques and sterile instruments,bacterial samples of the root canals were taken,inoculated and separated according to usual practice.After extraction,ten teeth were fixed and the apical 5 mm portion of one root was sectioned.Root tips were dehydrated,sputter coated with gold,and then examined for the occurrence of bacteria on the apical root surfaces using scanning electron microscope.Five healthy teeth with vital pulp were used as controls.Results: Microbial study showed that ten specimens yielded bacterial growth.The most prevalent bacteria were P.micros and F.nueleatum.In the 5 untreated teeth,bacterial cells were usually observed close to the apical foramen in only 1 specimen.Morphologically,these bacteria consisted of cocci.In the 5 treated teeth,a dense bacterial aggregation composed mainly of cocci and rods was observed surrounding the apical foramen of all specimens.Besides rods,other bacterial morphological types were recognized,including coaggregations of cocci and filaments,characterizing a fully developed "corn-cob".No microorga-nisms were found in the healthy controls.Conclusion:Bacterial biofilm was always present in teeth with post-treatment endodontic disease.The presence of apical bacterial biofilm is clinically important,and it may cause failure of endodontic treatment as a consequence of persistent infection.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of compound carbidopa tablets combined with Bunao Xifeng Zhijing soup in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease(PD)and the influence on the levels of IL-6,IL-1β,MDA,SOD and serum cystatin C. Methods:Totally 68 patients with PD were divided into the observation group and the control group with 34 cases in each. The course of treatment was 3 months. The control group was treated with compound carbidopa tablets,and the observation group was treated with Bunao Xifeng Zhijing soup additionally. The Parkinson's disease quantitation table(UPDRS),quality of life,TCM symptoms,self-rating depression scale(SDS),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and changes of inflammatory factors before and after the treatment were compared between the two groups. Results:After the treatment,UPDRS-1,UPDRS-2,UPDRS-3, UPDRS-4,PDQ-39 SI,SDS,SAS and TCM symptom scores were all decreased in both groups(P < 0. 05),and the decrease was more notable in the observation group(P < 0. 05). Observation group UPDRS-4 score also significantly lower than the control group(P < 0. 05). After treatment,two groups of patients of interleukin(IL)6,IL-1 beta,malondialdehyde(MDA),serum(C level was a significant reduction in the inhibition(P < 0. 05),superoxide dismutase(SOD)levels,compared with the previous significantly increased(P < 0. 05). And the observation group of patients with IL-6,IL-1 beta,MDA,urinary inhibition C level significantly lower than the control group,serum SOD levels are significantly higher than control group(P < 0. 05). Observation group total effectiveness 91. 18% ,significantly higher than that of control group 64. 70%(P < 0. 05). Conclusion:compound carbidopa tablets combined with Bunao Xifeng Zhijing soup in the treatment of PD can significantly improve the movements and non-motor symptoms of the patients with high safety and good clinical efficacy.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy,local control rate,survival rate and adverse reaction of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) combind with Tp concurrent chemoradiotherapy (docetaxel and cisphtin) for superior segment of esophageal cancer.Methods Seventy-eight patients with superior segment of esophageal cancer were divided randomly into IMRT combined with TP concurrent chemoradiotherapy group (chemoradiotherapy group) and single IMRT group (radiotherapy group) by double blind method with 39 cases each.The patients in chemoradiotherapy group received chemoradiotherapy,while other patients in radiotherapy group received only radiotherapy.For both groups,the same radiation technic was given with chemoradiotherapy,the total dose was 6 400 cGy/32 f.For the patients in chemoradiotherapy group were also given with TP concurrent chemotherapy weekly.The efficacy,local control rate,survival rate and adverse reaction was observed.Results Complete remission in 17 cases,partial remission in 20 cases,stable in 2 cases,the total effective rate was 94.9％ (37/39) in chemoradiotherapy group.Complete remission in 9 cases,partial remission in 19 cases,stable in 11 cases,the total effective rate was 71.8％ (28/39) in radiotherapy group.There was significant difference in the total effective rate between two groups(P ＜ 0.05).The 3-year local control rate was 69.2％ (27/39) in chemoradiotherapy group,which was higher than that in radiotherapy group[35.9％(14/39)],and there was significant difference(P ＜ 0.05).The 3-year survival rate was 74.4％(29/39) in chemoradiotherapy group,which was higher than that in radiotherapy group [43.6％(17/39)],and there was significant difference (P ＜0.05).Conclusion IMRT combined with TP concurrent chemoradiotherapy can improve the efficacy,local control me,survival rate of esophageal cancer,but can also increase the acute toxic effect.

[Objective]To observe the expressional variability and correlation of cox-2 and p53 protein between osteosarcoma and osteochondroma and explore their clinical significance.[Method]Sixty Specimens divided into 2 groups were taken from the department of pathology,Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University during 1998~2004.Among them,40(24 male and 16 female)aged 8~38(18.68?6.47)at time of therapy were from cases of osteosarcoma excision;20(13 male and 7 female)aged 9~27(17.95?4.77)from benign lesion of bone(osteochondroma)operation.Immunohistochemistry staining(Streptavidin-Peroxidasc,S-P method)was performed to detect the expressions of cox-2 protein and p53 protein in 40 cases of osteosarcoma.The criteria of positive expression was that brown granule was found in cytoplasm(cox-2)or in nucleus(p53).The percentage of cox-2 or p53 positive expression in five high power fields was cunted randomly in each case.Positive(-):positive oncocytes account 50%.Software SAS v6.12 was used in data analysis.The difference of cox-2 and p53 expressions between osteosarcoma and osteochondroma was analyzed with Chi-square Test.Spearman method was used,with the standard ?=0.05,to analyze the relationship between cox-2 and p53 expression among osteosarcoma.[Result]The positive rate of cox-2 and p53 expressions were 67.5% and 55.0% in osteosarcoma,there was noticeable distinction between osteosarcoma and osteochondroma,most of them was high.There was a positive correlation between them,rs=0.58,P

Many researches have shown that atmosphere pollution and meteorological factors are related closely. The relations between the particle concentration in atmosphere and meteorological factors including wind speed,wind direction,air pressure,temperature,humidity,precipitation and atmosphere stability vary in different researches. Taking into consideration the complexity of meteorological factors and the components and concentration index of particles,it is more reasonable to do multi-factor analysis. But the results of multi-factor analysis also show obvious diversity and complexity due to different research objects,methods and measuring indexes. Therefore,different models for the prediction of particle concentration are needed for the factors such as area,time and meteorological conditions always change.

The antibacterial property of silver nanoparticles has resulted in their widespread application in many fields,so the chance of silver nanoparticles exposure for human increased greatly.Thus,there is urgent need to assess the safety of such particle.So far,most toxicological studies of silver nanoparticles mainly focus on the cytotoxicity using different examination endpoint such as morphology,mitochondrial function,cell proliferation,enzyme activity,and so on.In addition,the in vitro studies on the toxicity of silver nanopoarticles are also reported,few of the study on molecule mechanism of toxicity was reported.This review provided a summary of antibacterial mechanism of silver nanoparticles and the current research situation of the safety.The future research direction of toxicological study of silver nanoparticles is also prospected based on the current knowledge.

Objective To systematically evaluate the influence of TNF-α and NSE levels in cerebrospinal fluid on Chinese children with viral encephalitis (VE).Methods Literature about the influence of TNF-α and NSE levels in cerebrospinal fluid on Chinese children with VE,which were published before Nov.1,2016,were searched in databases including CNKI,Wanfang Data,Cochrane Library and PubMed.And the case-control study about the TNF-α and NSE levels in cerebrospinal fluid between Children with VE (VE group) and children without VE (control group) were included in this study,and the quality evaluation was implemented and the data were extracted.And then the RevMan 5.3 was used to carry out the meta-analysis.Results Nine case-control studies were included in this study,involving 536 cases in the VE group and 284 cases in the control group.The results showed that the level of TNF-α and NSE in cerebrospinal fluid of the VE group were all significantly higher than that of the control group,and the differences was statistically significant [SMD=1.75,95%CI:1.56-1.93,P<0.01;SMD=1.34,95%CI:1.17-1.51,P<0.01].Conclusion The levels of TNF-α and NSE in cerebrospinal fluid are positively correlated with the incidence of VE in Chinese children.